Tag: pubmed

Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2025 Dec 31. doi: 10.1097/PAI.0000000000001298. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

In this study, we analyzed and characterized differentially expressed proteins in differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma with low-grade atypia for screening potential protein markers. We collected gastric tissue specimens from 90 patients treated at the Pathology Department of the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, China, between January 2019 and December 2022. These specimens had been fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin. We classified these samples into 3 groups: the control group (normal gastric mucosa), the low-grade atypia group (differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma with low-grade atypia), and the high-grade atypia group (differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma with high-grade atypia), consisting of 30 cases in each group. We analyzed differential proteomes with the data-independent acquisition-mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) methodology and selected 4 differentially expressed proteins that were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for validation. A total of 4406 proteins were identified, among which 598 and 357 proteins were statistically different in the low-grade atypia group as compared with the control group and the high-grade atypia group, respectively. IHC staining showed that the expression of FHL3, CSRP2, and FCGR3A was significantly higher in the low-grade atypia group than in the control group (P <0.05) and significantly higher in the high-grade atypia group than in the low-grade atypia group (P <0.05). FHL2 expression was negative to weakly positive in the control and low-grade atypia groups and not significantly different between the 2 groups, whereas FHL2 expression in the high-grade atypia group was significantly higher than in the control and low-grade atypia groups (P <0.05). Proteomic analysis is helpful for discovering new protein markers. Using a combination of FHL3, CSRP2, and FCGR3A can increase the accuracy of the pathologic diagnosis of differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma with low-grade atypia.

PMID:41467433 | DOI:10.1097/PAI.0000000000001298

J Adolesc. 2025 Dec 30. doi: 10.1002/jad.70101. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Adolescent sexting has been associated with a range of sexual behaviours, yet prior reviews have primarily focused on its relationship with sexual intercourse or sexual risks. This review examined associations of adolescent sexting and specific sexual behaviours.

METHODS: PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, CMMC, and MEDLINE were searched in December 2023, February 2024, and September 2025 yielding 5310 references. Eligible studies examined associations between sexting and sexual behaviours among adolescents (10-19 years), published in English. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data per PRISMA guidelines. Quality was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. Meta-analyses used a random-effects model, with heterogeneity assessed via I² statistics.

RESULTS: Seventeen studies from the EU, Australia and USA, comprising 54,373 adolescents were included in this review; nine contributed to the meta-analysis. Most studies framed sexting as a risk behaviour, fewer adopted normative or dual perspectives. Sexting was associated with multiple sexual behaviours, particularly among older adolescents, LGBTQ+ teenagers, and those in romantic relationships. Meta-analysis found sexting was significantly associated with sexual intercourse (OR = 5.69), oral sex (OR = 12.50), vaginal intercourse (OR = 9.50), anal intercourse (OR = 12.30), and multiple sexual partners (OR = 2.10). Subgroup analysis found specific measures of vaginal intercourse yielded more consistent estimates than unspecified sexual intercourse.

CONCLUSION: These associations highlight the need for multisystem interventions that address both the risks of adolescent sexting and its role in adolescent sexual development in the digital era. Effective responses to sexting should integrate both its risks and its role in adolescent development into policy, education, and health strategies.

PMID:41467417 | DOI:10.1002/jad.70101

Vasc Endovascular Surg. 2025 Dec 30:15385744251409962. doi: 10.1177/15385744251409962. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

ObjectivesThoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) is now the standard of care for management of aortic injury from trauma. Long term outcomes stratified by the severity of the aortic injury are limited.MethodsThis is a single center retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing TEVAR for trauma between January 2008-November 2023. Long term outcomes of mortality and re-intervention were stratified and compared based on the blunt thoracic aortic injury score. Kaplan Meier analysis was used to compute one year and 5-year survival.ResultsA total of 104 patients (age 42 ± 15 years; 72 males; 69%) underwent TEVAR for trauma. Most repairs were for grade 3 (59 patients, 57%) or grade 4 (30 patients, 29%) blunt aortic injuries. The remaining patients included grade 1 (1 patient, 1%), grade 2 (14 patients; 13%). Grade 4 injuries were not associated with higher rate of concomitant neurologic injuries (P = 0.33) or death (P = 0.74). Eighty-seven percent patients had a mean follow up of 4.2 ± 3.3 years. Two patients died due to aortic related causes within 30 days (intra-operative hemorrhage in one patient, graft collapse in one patient who had an unsuccessful exploratory thoracotomy). Overall, one year survival was 92%, and 5-year survival was 88% by Kaplan Meier analysis. Patients with neurologic injury trended toward higher mortality in Kaplan Meier analysis but this was not statistically significant (log rank = 0.22). The grade of injury was not significant for long term survival (log rank = 0.81). Early reintervention was required in 2% patients with none required in long-term. Age>40 (P = 0.17), female sex (P = 0.34) and graft diameter>26 mm (P = 0.41) were not significant for re-intervention. None of the patients experienced endoleaks or spinal cord ischemia.ConclusionsTEVAR is a durable repair for patients with BTAI requiring no re-intervention after one year follow-up. CT surveillance of TEVAR in setting of trauma should be limited to 1 and 5 years after surgery. Long term survival is not related to severity of BTAI.

PMID:41467402 | DOI:10.1177/15385744251409962

J Am Heart Assoc. 2025 Dec 30:e045433. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.125.045433. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Data on associations between genetic predisposition to high blood pressure (BP) and hypertension and its complications in non-European populations are limited. The current study investigated associations between polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for BP and risks of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease in Northeast Asian populations.

METHODS: A genome-wide association study of systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) was conducted using data from the KoGES (Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study). Results were meta-analyzed using summary statistics from Biobank Japan to construct PRSs.

RESULTS: Compared with a PRS in the lowest 5 percentiles, a PRS in the highest 5 percentiles was associated with an increased risk of hypertension (hazard ratio [HR], 2.44 [95% CI, 1.67-3.56] for PRS for SBP; and HR, 1.77 [95% CI, 1.20-2.62] for PRS for DBP) and earlier onset of hypertension (by a median of 8.5 years for PRS for SBP and 8.0 years for PRS for DBP). These associations remained significant when continuous PRS was analyzed. The genetic risk of hypertension incidence was attenuated by moderate to vigorous physical activity. Adding the PRS for BP to the clinical risk factors improved the predictive value for hypertension (both area under the curve values, 0.787 [95% CI, 0.771-0.803]; P=0.063 for PRS for SBP and [95% CI, 0.771-0.804]; P=0.031 for PRS for DBP). However, neither PRS for SBP nor PRS for DBP was associated with the incidence of cardiovascular or chronic kidney disease.

CONCLUSIONS: The PRS for BP was associated with a higher risk of incident hypertension and earlier-onset hypertension in a Northeast Asian population. PRS may facilitate early identification and targeted management of individuals at high risk of developing hypertension.

PMID:41467372 | DOI:10.1161/JAHA.125.045433

Biom J. 2026 Feb;68(1):e70105. doi: 10.1002/bimj.70105.

ABSTRACT

High-dimensional data often arise from clinical genomics research to infer relevant predictors of a particular trait. A way to improve the predictive performance is by incorporating information about the predictors obtained from existing from prior knowledge or previous studies. Such information is also referred to as “co-data.” To this aim, we develop a novel Bayesian model for including co-data in a high-dimensional regression framework, termed informative Horseshoe regression (infHS). The proposed approach regresses the prior variances of the regression parameters on the co-data variables, improving variable selection and prediction. We implement both a Gibbs sampler and a Variational approximation algorithm. The former is suited for applications of moderate dimensions which, besides prediction, target posterior inference, whereas the latter’s computational efficiency allows handling a very large number of variables. We show the benefits of including co-data through a simulation study. Lastly, we demonstrate that infHS outperforms competing approaches in two genomics applications.

PMID:41467341 | DOI:10.1002/bimj.70105

J Trauma Dissociation. 2025 Dec 30:1-22. doi: 10.1080/15299732.2025.2606986. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Despite decades of primary research investigating the nature of dissociation through its relationship with broad personality constructs, the nature of these relationships has remained unclear. Sampling errors, variations in sample size, the measures used, and methodological design have precluded the possibility of obtaining precise estimates of these relationships and, consequently, drawing accurate conclusions. To bring clarity to the dissociation-personality literature, we conducted the first (to our knowledge) systematic review and meta-analyses of relationships between dissociation (including dissociation factors) and personality domains contained within the five-factor model. We included 23 primary studies that provided between 11 and 25 independent effect sizes, depending on the analysis. We coded effect size data, extraneous information for moderator analyses and methodological quality for the included studies. We conducted 20 meta-analyses and found 19 statistically significant dissociation-personality relationships. The five higher-level meta-analyses of dissociation total scores and personality domains contained within the five-factor model indicated the following statistically significant relationships: neuroticism-dissociation total (r = .24), extraversion-dissociation total (r = -.07), openness-dissociation total (r = .10), agreeableness-dissociation total (r = -.15), and conscientiousness-dissociation total (r = -.21). For some variables, participants’ clinical status and gender and the dissociation and personality measure used were significant moderators of the dissociation-personality relationship. Findings indicate that dissociation is relatively independent of trait-model personality.

PMID:41467300 | DOI:10.1080/15299732.2025.2606986

Plant Genome. 2026 Mar;19(1):e70171. doi: 10.1002/tpg2.70171.

ABSTRACT

Genomic selection (GS) is transforming plant breeding by enabling more accurate and efficient identification of superior genotypes. However, its practical implementation remains challenging, as achieving high prediction accuracy is critical for its success. Several factors-including sample size, the degree of relatedness among individuals, and the complexity of target traits-significantly affect the predictive performance of GS models. To address these limitations, recent studies have explored the integration of genomic and phenomic information to enhance prediction accuracy. This integrated approach has shown promising results and continues to gain empirical support. In this study, we propose an alternative strategy to improve the efficiency and accuracy of GS by constructing hybrid kernels that combine genomic and phenomic information. Specifically, we generate two new kernels by combining the original genomic and phenomic kernels, aiming to capture complementary and previously unexploited sources of variation. We applied this approach to multi-year data from the winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding program at Washington State University, using phenomic data collected via unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Our results provide empirical evidence that integrating genomic and UAV-derived phenomic data through hybrid kernel modeling enhances the prediction accuracy of GS models. This approach achieved average improvements of 17.52%, 30.36%, 28.94%, and 16.73% in terms of Pearson’s correlation, normalized root mean square error, and the percentage of correctly identified lines within the top 10% and 20%, respectively, compared with the conventional integration of genomic and phenomic information (M4 and M5). These findings highlight the potential of this method as a valuable and scalable tool for modern plant breeding programs.

PMID:41467268 | DOI:10.1002/tpg2.70171

Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2025 Dec 30:e70085. doi: 10.1002/1545-5017.70085. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The pediatric hematology-oncology (PHO) workforce has substantial variability in countries across the Eastern Mediterranean (EM) and South Asian (SA) regions, with variable certification requirements to ensure competency for safe and effective practice. To date, the quality of the training provided has not been evaluated across these regions. To assess this, we conducted a survey of PHO training by comparing the programs against international standards.

METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between January and May 2024. The survey was based on the American Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requirements and implemented through RedCap^R. Descriptive statistics were generated, and p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.

FINDINGS: Ninety-eight institutions from 21 countries across the EM and SA regions responded to our survey. Of these, 59.1% reported PHO training programs. A core pediatric residency was present within the proximity of the fellowship program in 63.7%. Public sector institutions were more likely to have a training program than private centers. A median of two fellows [1-20] were recruited annually, with a median faculty:fellow ratio of 2. While most programs provided exposure to the entire breadth of hematologic and oncologic diseases, 17% of programs did not offer care to patients with high-risk/advanced malignancies, identifying an experiential deficiency. Across all domains, programs were deficient in the availability of molecular and genetic diagnostics, impacting trainee learning. Accreditation oversight was provided to 87.5% programs. Only a minority of programs facilitated program directors to oversee training.

INTERPRETATION: Our survey provides a baseline overview of the capabilities of training programs in the EM and SA regions. While a majority of programs fulfilled standard requirements necessary for optimal training of PHO fellows, the quality of the exposure could not be ascertained.

PMID:41467257 | DOI:10.1002/1545-5017.70085

J Public Health Res. 2025 Dec 24;14(4):22799036251407366. doi: 10.1177/22799036251407366. eCollection 2025 Oct.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is a concept covering social, physical, psychological, and environmental factors. This study aimed to evaluate the HRQoL of medical students in Mogadishu, Somalia, using the WHOQOL-BREF instrument.

METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study design to assess QOL among medical students in Mogadishu, Somalia, between August and November, 2024 at selected public and private universities offering undergraduate medical programs. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire comprising socio-demographic variables (Gender, Age, Residence, Marital Status, Academic Year, and GPA). The WHOQOL-BREF instrument consists of 26 items grouped into 4 domains: physical, psychological, social, and environmental. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Regression with p < 0.05 were statistically significant.

RESULTS: The majority of students (57%) reported their overall QOL as “good,” while 22% reported it as “very good.” A significant association was found between age and psychological health (p = 0.011), with students above 25 scoring highest (76.82 ± 13.88) compared to those aged 21-24 (69.41 ± 15.27) and 18-20 (71.51 ± 15.90). Academic year showed a significant association with social health (p = 0.026), highest in years 3-4 (73.48 ± 20.72), followed by years 1-2 (71.46 ± 21.06), and lowest in years 5-6 (65.85 ± 27.29). In multivariate Age 21-24 years had association with the Psychological domain (β = -0.858, 95% CI: -1.672, -0.045).

CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates that medical students in Mogadishu generally report a good QOL; however, it underscores the necessity for interventions aimed at improving psychological resilience and social support systems.

PMID:41467229 | PMC:PMC12744053 | DOI:10.1177/22799036251407366

Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc. 2025 Sep 13;61:101794. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2025.101794. eCollection 2025 Dec.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is strongly associated with high mortality and morbidity. This meta-analysis aims to compare the outcomes of transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention (TTVI) versus optimal medical treatment (OMT) alone among patients with severe TR.

METHODS: Electronic databases were systematically searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and propensity score-matched observational studies comparing TTVI with OMT. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Summary estimates were calculated using a random-effects model.

RESULTS: Five studies (3 RCTs, 2 observational; n = 1988 patients) were included. TTVI was associated with a nonsignificant trend toward a lower incidence of all-cause mortality (risk ratio [RR]: 0.70, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.48-1.03; P = 0.071), primarily driven by observational studies. TTVI demonstrated significant benefits in terms of TR severity reduction (RR: 7.82, 95 % CI 5.60-10.93; P < 0.0001), enhanced health status as measured by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (mean difference: +14.46 points, 95 % CI 11.55-17.38; p < 0.0001), and reduced heart failure (HF) hospitalization rates (RR: 0.73, 95 % CI 0.56-0.96; P = 0.025). However, TTVI was associated with an increased risk of major bleeding (RR: 3.21, 95 % CI 1.61-6.39; P = 0.0009).

CONCLUSION: Among patients with severe TR, TTVI was not statistically associated with a lower incidence of all-cause mortality but was associated with a reduced risk of HF hospitalization, significant reduction in TR severity, and improved quality of life. Future large RCTs with extended follow-up are needed to confirm these findings and identify the subset of patients who benefit the most.Systematic review protocol: CRD420251002402 (PROSPERO).

PMID:41467224 | PMC:PMC12744525 | DOI:10.1016/j.ijcha.2025.101794