Tag: pubmed

Abdom Radiol (NY). 2023 Jan 2. doi: 10.1007/s00261-022-03793-x. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether microscopic hematuria (MH) patients with a negative initial evaluation have an elevated risk for urinary carcinoma.

METHODS: This is a population-based retrospective study with a matched control identified 8465 adults with an MH ICD code, an initial negative urinary malignancy work-up of cystoscopy and CT urography, and at least 35 months of clinical care. 8465 hematuria naïve controls were age, gender, and smoking status matched. Subsequent coding of non-prostatic urinary cancer, or any following hematuria codes: additional microscopic unspecified or unspecified hematuria, and gross hematuria was obtained. Χ² tests were performed.

RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in urinary malignancy rates (p > 0.05). Any urinary cancer: cases 0.74% (63/8465; 95% CI 0.58-0.95%)/controls 0.83% (71/8465; 95% CI 0.66-1.04%%) (p = 0.54); bladder: 0.45%/0.47% (p = 0.82); renal: 0.31%/0.38% (p = 0.43); ureteral: 0.01%/0.02% (p = 0.56). Subsequent gross hematuria in both males and females increased the odds of cancer: males 2.35 (p = 0.001; CI 1.42-3.91); females 4.25 (p < 0.001; CI 1.94-9.34). Males without additional hematuria had decreased odds ratio: 0.32 (p = 0.001; CI 0.16-0.64). Females without additional hematuria 0.58 (p = 0.19; CI 0.26-1.30) and both genders with additional unspecified hematuria/microscopic hematuria males 1.02 (p = 0.97; CI 0.50-2.08) and females 1.00 (p = 0.99; CI 0.38-2.66) did not have increased odds ratios (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: MH patients with initial negative evaluation have a subsequent urologic malignancy rate of less than 1% and likely do not need further urinary evaluation unless they develop gross hematuria.

PMID:36592198 | DOI:10.1007/s00261-022-03793-x

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2023 Jan 2. doi: 10.1007/s00402-022-04762-1. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: In view of the vaso-occlusive pathophysiology affecting osseous micro-circulation, sickle cell disease (SCD) is well known to present with diverse skeletal and arthritic manifestations. With prolonged life-expectancy over the past decades, there has been a progressive increase in the proportion of SCD patients requiring joint reconstructions. Owing to the paucity of evidence in the literature, the post-operative complication rates and outcome in these patients following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are still largely unknown.

METHODS: Based on the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (using ICD-10 CMP code), patients who underwent TKA between 2016 and 2019 were identified. The cohort were classified into two groups: A-those with SCD; and B-those without. The data on patients’ demographics, co-morbidities, details regarding hospital stay including expenditure incurred, and complications were analyzed and compared.

RESULTS: Overall, 558,361 patients underwent unilateral, primary TKA; among whom, 493 (0.1%) were known cases of SCD (group A). Group A included a significantly greater proportion of younger (60.14 ± 10.87 vs 66.72 ± 9.50 years; p < 0.001), male (77.3 vs 61.5%; p < 0.001); and African-American (88.2 vs 8.3%B; p < 0.001) patients, in comparison with group B. Group A patients were also at a significantly higher risk for longer duration of peri-operative hospital stay (p < 0.001), greater health-care costs incurred (p < 0.001), and greater need for alternative step-down health-care facilities (p < 0.001) following discharge. Among the SCD patients, 24.7%, 20.9% and 24.9% developed acute chest syndrome, pain crisis and splenic sequestration crisis, respectively during the peri-operative period. Group A patients had a statistically greater incidence of acute renal failure (ARF; p = 0.014), need for blood transfusion (p < 0.001) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT; p = 0.03) during the early admission period.

CONCLUSION: The presence of SCD substantially lengthens the duration of hospital stay and enhances health care-associated expenditure in patients undergoing TKA. SCD patients are at significantly higher risk for systemic complications including acute chest syndrome, pain crisis, splenic sequestration crisis, acute renal failure, higher need for blood transfusions and deep venous thrombosis during the initial peri-operative period following TKA.

PMID:36592196 | DOI:10.1007/s00402-022-04762-1

Eur J Nutr. 2023 Jan 2. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-03081-w. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between intake of seafood and plant-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and development of total atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and acute major ischemic events.

METHODS: A total of 53,909 men and women were enrolled between 1993 and 1997 into the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort and followed through nationwide Danish registries for development of total ASCVD defined as a first registration of myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease, or ischemic stroke due to large artery atherosclerosis or small-vessel occlusion. At recruitment, the intake of the major marine n-3 PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the plant-derived n-3 PUFA, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Statistical analyses were conducted using sex-stratified multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models.

RESULTS: During a median of 13.5 years of follow-up, 3958 participants developed ASCVD including 3270 patients with an acute major ischemic event. In multivariable analyses including adjustment for established risk factors, we found no associations for intake of ALA, but indications of inverse associations between intake of EPA, DHA and EPA + DHA and the rate of total ASCVD and acute major ischemic events.

CONCLUSIONS: A high intake of marine n-3 PUFA was associated with a lower risk of total ASCVD and acute major ischemic events, whereas no association could be demonstrated for the plant-derived ALA.

PMID:36592188 | DOI:10.1007/s00394-022-03081-w

HNO. 2023 Jan 2. doi: 10.1007/s00106-022-01257-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Calculation of percentage hearing loss (pHV) from the pure-tune audiogram according to Röser in 1973 or from the speech audiogram according to Boenninghaus and Röser in 1973 is a method still applied for quantitative assessment of hearing. However, this is not common for the evaluation of postoperative results of implantable hearing systems. During the regular work-up after cochlear implantation (CI) in Germany, all necessary parameters are available for calculation of pHV either from categorical loudness scaling (pHV_KLS) or speech-recognition threshold (pHV_FB).

OBJECTIVE: The parameters pHV_KLS and pHV_FB are introduced and calculated from data available from clinical routine. Their potential applicability for assessment of the result of CI is evaluated.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study comprises retrospective chart review of audiological parameters from 66 CI procedures in one tertiary referral center. pHV_KLS was calculated from the equal loudness curve 5 CU, pHV_FB from the Freiburg speech test in free field.

RESULTS: While pHV_KLS shows small variation, the variation in pHV_FB is initially larger but decreases over time. Furthermore, starting from initial fitting, the mean pHV shows convergence over time. The difference between pHV_FB and pHV_KLS is positive and statistically significant.

CONCLUSION: It is possible to calculate pHV_KLS and pHV_FB from routine data. A correlation of the difference between pHV_FB and pHV_KLS with successful CI performance seems plausible.

PMID:36592183 | DOI:10.1007/s00106-022-01257-8

Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2023 Jan 2. doi: 10.1007/s00420-022-01949-2. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to determine the association between occupational ambient cold exposure and neck-shoulder pain (NSP), low back pain (LBP), and radiating LBP.

METHODS: The study cohort comprised of 3,843 working subjects in northern Sweden who answered a baseline (spring 2015) and a follow-up questionnaire (spring 2021). NSP, LBP, and radiating LBP were assessed in both surveys. Occupational cold exposure was assessed at baseline, on a whole number numerical rating scale (NRS) and categorized in quartiles. Binary logistic regression determined the association between cold exposure at baseline and incident NSP, LBP, and radiating LBP, adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, smoking, mental stress, and physical workload.

RESULTS: There were statistically significant associations between high occupational ambient cold exposure (NRS 5-7 and NRS 8-10) and NSP (1.59; 95% CI 1.08-2.33 and OR 1.50; 95% CI 1.03-2.19); NRS 8-10 and LBP (OR 1.61; 95% CI 1.13-2.29); and NRS 5-7 and radiating LBP (OR 1.87; 95% CI 1.12-3.16). Gender-stratified analyses showed statistically significant associations between high occupational ambient cold exposure (NRS 5-7 and NRS 8-10) and NSP (OR 1.97; 95% CI 1.07-3.61 and OR 1.97; 95% CI 1.06-3.67) for men and between NRS 8-10 and LBP (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.14-2.91) and NRS 5-7 and radiating LBP (OR 2.20; 95% CI 1.15-4.24) for women.

CONCLUSIONS: Occupational ambient cold exposure was associated with NSP, LBP, and radiating LBP, and should be recognised as a possible occupational risk factor.

PMID:36592178 | DOI:10.1007/s00420-022-01949-2

J Child Health Care. 2023 Jan 2:13674935221147714. doi: 10.1177/13674935221147714. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate the effect of M technique massage on behavioral state and weight gain in preterm neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This was a randomized controlled trial study in which a total of 64 preterm neonates were randomly allocated to intervention and control group. Intervention group received M technique massage and control group received routine care. Neonatal weight and behavioral state were measured for two weeks. After intervention, no statistically significant difference was found between groups in terms of neonatal weight (mean difference: 44.03, 95% CI [-180.66, 268.74]). At baseline, the mean score for behavioral state response was 5.84 ± 2.20 (mean ± SD) in control group and 5.68 ± 2.15 (mean ± SD) in intervention group and the difference was not significant (mean difference: 0.16, 95% CI [-1.21, 1.52]), but 2 weeks later, and also, after intervention, a statistically significant difference was found between groups (mean difference: 2.16, 95% CI [1.19, 3.17]) and (mean difference: 3.03, 95% CI [2.15, 3.91]), respectively, meaning that it was significantly lower in intervention group compared with control group. According to the findings, massage with M technique in premature neonates can have a positive effect on behavioral state, but no effect on their weight gain.

PMID:36592155 | DOI:10.1177/13674935221147714

Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2022 Winter;33(4):274-279. doi: 10.5080/u26079.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) has been widely used to determine chronotype. The Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ) was developed as an alternative measurement tool to the MEQ, focusing on different sleep behaviors on work and free days. The aim of this study was to adapt the MCTQ to the Turkish language and to validate the questionnaire on young and healthy adult members of the Turkish population.

METHOD: This study was conducted with total of 214 (161 Female, 53 Male) healthy young adult volunteers between the ages of 18-30 (M=20.72, SD=2.33) from Hacettepe University. After adaptation to the Turkish language to form the MCTQ-TR, the psychometric properties were compared with the MEQ-TR. The test retest reliability of the MCTQ-TR was investigated on 25 participants (19 Female, 6 Male), 4 months after the first application.

RESULTS: The test-retest reliability coefficient of the MCTQ-TR was calculated as r=0.643 (p<0.05). The validity and reliability results indicated a negative and statistically significant correlation between the MEQ-TR and MCTQ-TR scores (r=-0.627; p<0.001).

CONCLUSION: The MCTQ-TR is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to determine chronotype in healthy Turkish young adult population.

PMID:36592106 | DOI:10.5080/u26079

Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2022 Winter;33(4):223-232. doi: 10.5080/u25886.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the formal thought disorder (FTD) in the acute episode of schizophrenia (SCHZ) and bipolar affective disorder (BPAD), and to determine the FTD dimensions associated with BPAD.

METHOD: The study included a total of 34 SCHZ patients not meeting the standardized remission criteria and 20 patients in BPAD manic episode. The patients completed the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and the Thought and Language Disorder Scale (TALD) in order to assess FTD. The association of FTD with the diagnoses was analyzed by a logistic regression model including the TALD factors and the SCHZ and BPAD groups.

RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were not determined between the demographic features, the CGI scores and the TALD objective positive factor scores of the SCHZ and BPAD groups. The objective negative and subjective negative factors (p<0.001 for all) were higher in SCHZ group and the subjective positive factor were significantly higher in BPAD group (p=0.028). In the logistic regression model, the TALD subjective positive factor was associated with BPAD diagnosis, and the objective negative factor was associated with SCHZ diagnosis. In the BPAD group, the TALD total score correlated positively with the manic episode severity, and the scores on the subjective negative and subjective positive factors correlated negatively with disease duration.

CONCLUSION: The study results show that FTD is common to the acute episodes of both SCHZ and BPAD and that assessment of the subjective positive FTD symptoms and objective negative FTD symptoms may be useful to differentiate the acute episode of SCHZ from the BPAD manic episode.

PMID:36592101 | DOI:10.5080/u25886

Br J Community Nurs. 2023 Jan 2;28(1):22-32. doi: 10.12968/bjcn.2023.28.1.22.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To critically appraise the literature to assess the benefits of self-management plans in COPD patients in the community setting.

DISCUSSION: A total of eight papers were included in this review: three qualitative and five randomised control trials (RCT), with one being a pilot study. The statistical significance of using COPD self-management plans was minimal. However, when exploring subsections of some of the trials, there was some data suggesting there was some health-related quality of life improvement.

CONCLUSION: Further research is required to gain a valuable perspective from individual patients in regards to what they want to be included in a management plan and how this can be implemented into practice.

PMID:36592089 | DOI:10.12968/bjcn.2023.28.1.22

J Appl Lab Med. 2023 Jan 2:jfac093. doi: 10.1093/jalm/jfac093. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We compared serum vitamin C (VIC) status of the adult (≥20 y) US population in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018 with combined data from 2003-2004 and 2005-2006.

METHODS: VIC was measured using HPLC with electrochemical detection. Mean data were stratified by age, sex, race/Hispanic origin, income, body mass index, dietary intake, supplement use, and smoking status. Prevalence of VIC deficiency (<11.4 μmol/L) was calculated.

RESULTS: In NHANES 2017-2018, the mean VIC was 8 μmol/L higher in people ≥60 y compared with those 20-59 y of age, 10 μmol/L lower in men vs women, 8 μmol/L lower in low vs high income, 11 μmol/L lower in obese vs healthy weight, and 15 μmol/L lower in smokers vs nonsmokers. Differences in mean VIC across race/Hispanic origin groups ranged from 2 to 7 μmol/L. Mean VIC was 27 μmol/L higher with vitamin C-containing supplement use and positively associated (Spearman ρ = 0.33; P < 0.0001) with increasing dietary intake. The associations between mean VIC and the investigated covariates were generally consistent and the prevalence of deficiency was not significantly different between survey periods (6.8% vs 7.0%; P = 0.83). However, a few subgroups had double the risk. We found no significant survey differences in mean VIC (51.2 vs 54.0 μmol/L; P = 0.09).

CONCLUSIONS: Overall VIC status of the US adult population has remained stable since last assessed in the NHANES 2005-2006 survey. Vitamin C deficiency remained high for those with low dietary intake and who smoke.

PMID:36592081 | DOI:10.1093/jalm/jfac093