Tag: pubmed

World J Emerg Surg. 2022 Oct 29;17(1):55. doi: 10.1186/s13017-022-00459-3.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Bariatric surgery revisions and emergencies are associated with higher morbidity and mortality compared to primary bariatric surgery. No formal outcome benchmarks exist that distinguish MBSAQIP-accredited centers in the community from unaccredited institutions.

METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted on 53 bariatric surgery revisions and 61 bariatric surgical emergencies by a single surgeon at a high-volume community hospital accredited program from 2018 to 2020. Primary outcomes were complications or deaths occurring within 30-days of the index procedure. Secondary outcomes included operative time, leaks, surgical site occurrences (SSOs), and deep surgical site infections.

RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the demographic characteristics of the study groups. Mean operative time was significantly longer for revisions as compared to emergency operations (149.5 vs. 89.4 min). Emergencies had higher surgical site infection (5.7% vs. 21.3%, p < 0.05) and surgical site occurrence (SSO) (1.9% vs. 29.5%, p < 0.05) rates compared to revisions. Logistic regression analysis identified several factors to be predictive of increased risk of morbidity: pre-operative albumin < 3.5 g/dL (p < 0.05), recent bariatric procedure within the last 30 days (p < 0.05), prior revisional bariatric surgery (p < 0.05), prior duodenal switch (p < 0.05), and pre-operative COPD (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Bariatric surgery revisions and emergencies have similar morbidity and mortality, far exceeding those of the primary operation. Outcomes comparable to those reported by urban academic centers can be achieved in community hospital MBSAQIP-accredited centers.

PMID:36309728 | DOI:10.1186/s13017-022-00459-3

J Pharm Policy Pract. 2022 Oct 29;15(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s40545-022-00474-4.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess public opinion about community pharmacy services in Lebanon during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHOD: A cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire was conducted between April and August of 2021. A link was shared randomly among the Lebanese population using WhatsApp and Facebook. Public perceptions were explored within 3 different indicators: general services (B) dispensing (C), and storage (D). Chi-square, Student’s test and ANOVA tests were used. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: Out of 491 responses, only 9.6% scored above the 75th percentile (19.3% for the general services, 2.4% for dispensing indicator and 12.6% for storage indicator). The main concerns focused on lack of medication and reduced opening hours; however, 67.1% of respondents preferred consulting the community pharmacist instead of visiting primary health care centers, doctor’s private clinic and hospitals. Higher mean values of indicators B, C and in the overall indicator were significantly found in the presence of a pharmacist compared to the support pharmacy workforce.

CONCLUSION: The overall public perception was inadequate. Significant difference in terms of quality of services was detected in the presence and absence of a community pharmacist during the crisis. It is recommended that the Order of Pharmacist of Lebanon (OPL) and the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) undergo further steps mainly to enforce the laws concerning dispensing and storage indicators, improve the services in terms of extending the opening hours, ensure the availability of medicines and increase public awareness.

PMID:36309706 | DOI:10.1186/s40545-022-00474-4

BMC Surg. 2022 Oct 29;22(1):370. doi: 10.1186/s12893-022-01808-4.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The clinical superiority of surgical treatment for acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation remains controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of the modified Phemister procedure with CC ligament augmentation using Mersilene tape to those of hook plate fixation for acute AC joint dislocation.

METHODS: In this study, patients who received modified Phemister surgery with CC ligament augmentation using Mersilene tape (PM group) or hook plate fixation (HK group) for acute unstable AC joint dislocation with a minimum 5-year follow-up period were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical outcomes were evaluated according to blood loss during surgery, surgical duration, visual analogue scale (VAS), Constant-Murley score (CMS), University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulder rating scale, and the occurrence of complications. Radiological outcomes were assessed from radiographs according to multiple parameters, including CC distance maintenance, acromion osteolysis, and the presence of distal clavicle osteolysis.

RESULTS: A total of 35 patients completed follow-up for more than 5 years and were analyzed in this study (mean = 74.08 months). There were 18 patients in the PM group and 17 in the HK group. The PM group exhibited similar improvement in functional outcome to the HK group. Regarding radiological outcomes, the HK group had a superior performance in terms of CC distance maintenance, of statistical significance (CCDR: 94.29 ± 7.01% versus 111.00 ± 7.69%, p < 0.001) after a one-year follow-up period. However, there were 4 cases of acromion osteolysis and 2 cases of distal clavicle osteolysis in the HK group.

CONCLUSION: Hook plate fixation was found to be superior to the modified Phemister technique with CC ligament augmentation using Mersilene tape in terms of CC distance maintenance, but there was no significant difference in the functional outcome after 5 years of follow-up. Both surgical methods are reliable options for the treatment of acute AC joint dislocation. Modified Phemister surgery with CC ligament augmentation using Mersilene tape is a relatively lower-cost option for acute AC joint dislocation without the need of a second surgery for implant removal.

PMID:36309695 | DOI:10.1186/s12893-022-01808-4

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022 Oct 29;22(1):799. doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-05130-y.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Worldwide teenage pregnancies develop many devastating complications, both the mother and the neonate like developing anemia, nutritional deficiency, pregnancy induced hypertension, preterm baby, inadequate weight gains and obstructed labor, fistula and sepsis. Reproductive health concerns of adolescents the main emphasis area which increasing international attention in recent years. Therefore, we intended to assess the magnitude and its associated factors of teenage pregnancy in Bahir Dar city administration health institutions, northwest, Ethiopia, 2017.

METHODS: A health institution based a cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant mothers from February 20-March 27, 2017 in Bahir Dar city administration. Five hundred forty-nine participants were selected by face to face interview and medical card review by using systematic random sampling technique every four intervals for each health institution. Bivariate and multivariate data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Windows version 21 and level of significance of association was determined at P- value < 0.05.

RESULT: The study identified 12.2%with (95%CI (9.5, 14.9)) of pregnant women were teenagers. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that: [(AOR (95% CI)) rural residency 3.21(1.234, 9.345), age at first marriage < 18 years 9(7.823, 17.571) and not using contraception prior to this pregnancy 5.22(3.243, 11.675)] were significantly associated with teenage pregnancy.

CONCLUSION: The magnitude of teenage pregnancy was comparable to the 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey finding. Rural residency, age at first marriage and not using of contraception prior to the current pregnant were significantly associated with teenage pregnancy. As per the findings, awareness creation to the rural population, advocating utilization of contraception, avoid early marriage and put the mindset the effect of teenage pregnancy for those are needed.

PMID:36309679 | DOI:10.1186/s12884-022-05130-y

BMC Vet Res. 2022 Oct 29;18(1):380. doi: 10.1186/s12917-022-03478-z.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study determined plasma protein electrophoresis (PPE) reference intervals in two elasmobranch species: the undulate skate (Raja undulata) and the nursehound shark (Scyliorhinus stellaris), using a reference population of 48 undulate skates (27 males, 21 females) and 62 nursehounds (32 males, 30 females), considered to be clinically healthy. Plasma samples were analyzed using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE).

RESULTS: The undulate skate electrophoretogram resembled those previously reported in other batoids and could be divided into seven consistent fractions. No statistically significant differences were detected between sexes and developmental stages. The nursehound electrophoretogram was similar to that previously described in other shark species and could be divided into eight consistent fractions. Fraction 5% was significantly higher in juvenile nursehounds when compared to adults, while fraction 6 concentration and percentage were significantly higher in adults. Fraction 4% was higher in males than in females. Albumin band was not detected, and pre-albumin was negligible in both studied species. Alpha-globulins were predominant in the undulate skate, while beta-globulins were predominant in nursehounds. Statistically significant differences were found in all electrophoretogram fraction percentages and concentrations between the two species.

CONCLUSION: To the authors knowledge, this is the first study reporting PPE values in undulate skates and nursehounds, and the first study using CZE in elasmobranch plasma. These findings can serve as a primary reference for health monitoring in both species and will add to the limited data available on PPE in elasmobranchs.

PMID:36309677 | DOI:10.1186/s12917-022-03478-z

BMC Vet Res. 2022 Oct 29;18(1):381. doi: 10.1186/s12917-022-03470-7.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Natural service breeding is common in U.S. cow-calf operations. Diseases impacting bull reproductive performance have significant economic consequences for producers. Anaplasmosis may be an underappreciated cause of poor reproductive performance in bulls. The primary systemic effects of bovine anaplasmosis including anemia, fever, and weight loss, can all result in unsatisfactory reproductive performance. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate breeding soundness examination (BSE) outcomes and clinical changes in bulls during and upon resolution of clinical anaplasmosis. Anaplasma marginale-challenged bulls were observed for clinical disease and infection progression and changes in breeding soundness compared to uninfected control bulls for 16 weeks.

RESULTS: All Anaplasma marginale-challenged bulls were PCR-positive, seropositive, and showed clinical signs by 3-, 17-, and 24-days post-challenge, respectively. Clinical signs of anaplasmosis included pallor, icterus, fever (≥ 40.2 °C), and weight loss. Acute anemia was observed in all challenged bulls with PCV nadirs ≤ 18% and peak percent parasitized erythrocyte ≥ 50%. Decreased scrotal circumference and poor semen quality (e.g., increased percentage of abnormal spermatozoa, decreased progressively motile sperm), were initially observed within days after onset of clinical anaplasmosis signs and continued weeks beyond disease resolution. Control bulls remained negative for A. marginale.

CONCLUSION: This pilot study demonstrates that clinical anaplasmosis reduces breeding soundness in beef bulls. Anaplasmosis should be considered as a differential for bulls with decreased semen quality, especially within endemic areas. A 90 day or greater retest window is recommended for bulls of unsatisfactory breeding potential recently recovered from clinical anaplasmosis.

PMID:36309670 | DOI:10.1186/s12917-022-03470-7

BMC Womens Health. 2022 Oct 29;22(1):427. doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-02004-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Women with prior severe preeclampsia are at an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases later in life compared to women who had a normotensive pregnancy. The objective of this study was to assess their needs and preferences regarding app-based cardiovascular health promotion.

METHODS: Patients (n = 35) of the Follow-Up PreEClampsia Outpatient Clinic (FUPEC), Erasmus MC, the Netherlands, participated in an anonymous online survey. The main outcomes under study were women’s needs for health behavior promotion, and their preferences with respect to intervention delivery. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate needs, and thematic analysis was used to analyze preferences.

RESULTS: Women’s primary need for health behavior promotion pertained to their fat and sugar intake and physical activity; for some, to their mental health (practices), fruit and vegetable intake, salt intake, and water intake; and for a few, to their alcohol and tobacco use. Most women preferred an app-based intervention to include, in descending order: the tracking of health-related metrics, an interactive platform, the use of behavior change strategies, the provision of information, and personalization.

CONCLUSION: Cardiovascular health promotion targeting women with prior severe preeclampsia should feel relevant to its audience. App-based interventions are likely to be well received if they target fat and sugar intake and physical activity. These interventions should preferably track health-related metrics, be interactive, contain behavior change strategies, provide information, and be personalized. Adopting these findings during intervention design could potentially increase uptake, behavior change, and behavior change maintenance in this population.

PMID:36309668 | DOI:10.1186/s12905-022-02004-5

J Prosthet Dent. 2022 Oct;128(4):604.e1-604.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.07.007.

ABSTRACT

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Semi-adjustable articulators use an average axis facebow with a nasion relator at a fixed distance of 22 mm or 23 mm from the orbitale anterior reference point to locate the axis orbital plane, which is a major factor in measuring the sagittal condylar inclination. Lateral cephalometric radiograph allows the measurement of the distance between the nasion and Frankfort horizontal plane, which has shown great variability among patients.

PURPOSE: Measure and describe individual variation of the distance between nasion and Frankfort horizontal plane, and error factor of facebow in semi-adjustable articulators, in order to assess the importance of an accurate transfer of the axis orbital plane of the patient to the articulator.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional analytic clinical study used 637 lateral cephalometric radiographs from the database of 2 private clinics in Santiago de Chile. The distance between the nasion and Frankfort horizontal plane was measured. Then, a correction of -7.1 mm was applied to determine the distance between N and the axis orbital plane, and this corrected distance was analyzed and compared with the one used by Panadent and Whip Mix articulators. In 150 cephalometric radiographs, the measurements were classified according to facial biotype and skeletal class. ANOVA Bonferroni test was applied to recognize how the N to FHP measurements behave according to biotype and skeletal class (P ≤ .05).

RESULTS: The average corrected distance from nasion to axis orbital plane in the present study was 24.7 mm, 2.7 mm higher than the distance used by Panadent articulator and 1.7 mm higher than the distance used by Whip Mix articulator. No statistically significant differences were found among biotypes or the different skeletal classes.

CONCLUSIONS: For the studied population, a fixed-value nasion relator is a factor that introduces error.

PMID:36309468 | DOI:10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.07.007

Food Microbiol. 2023 Feb;109:104147. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.104147. Epub 2022 Sep 21.

ABSTRACT

Vacuum packaging and storage conditions at chilled temperatures are commonly used in order to prolong the shelf life of meat. Under these conditions and time-temperature abuse, cold-tolerant (facultatively) anaerobic spoilage microorganisms can continue growing. This study investigated growth of six relevant spoilage microorganisms in vacuum-packed beef (n = 12, 72 subsamples, stored at 10 °C for 28 days) using culture and qPCR methods. Correspondingly, six qPCRs were newly developed/modified (for total bacteria, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Enterobacterales, total fungi, Kazachstania psychrophila, and cold-tolerant Clostridium spp.). Besides microbial quantification, four spoilage appearances of meat (gas production, spoilage odor, % drip loss, and meat color) were observed. Results obtained from culture and qPCR show that total bacteria, LAB, and Enterobacterales reached their stationary phase at day 7 when spoilage parameters such as gas production were statistically increased and a deviation of odor was detected. Fastidious cold-tolerant Clostridium spp. and K. psychrophila could be detected from day 7. Based on microbiological and sensory analysis results, the maximum shelf life of vacuum-packed beef stored at 10 °C is 7 days. The developed qPCR has the potential to be used as an alternative method to culturing for determination of microbial growth.

PMID:36309446 | DOI:10.1016/j.fm.2022.104147

Food Microbiol. 2023 Feb;109:104143. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.104143. Epub 2022 Sep 12.

ABSTRACT

The objective of the present study was to compare the growth of food-pathogens Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, food spoilage Bacillus subtilis, an industrial milk product isolate, and spore-forming Paenibacillus in commercially available ultrahigh temperature processed (UHT) bovine milk and non-dairy, plant-based beverages (coconut, almond, cashew) stored at chilled and ambient temperatures (4 °C, 8 °C or 20 °C). Beverage samples were inoculated with a strain cocktail or individual strains of either Listeria or Salmonella, or Paenibacillus or Bacillus, respectively (approximately 1 × 10³ CFU/mL). The findings indicate that the bacterial strains used in the study were capable of proliferating in plant-based beverages at higher rates than in bovine milk at 8 °C and 20 °C for Listeria and 20 °C for Salmonella and Paenibacillus, respectively. Bacillus subtilis grew equally fast in bovine milk and plant-based almond drink at 20 °C. No statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in growth rates between different types of tested beverages was observed at 4 °C and at 8 °C for Listeria and Salmonella cocktails, respectively. These data suggest that plant-based beverages may present a significant risk for listeriosis and salmonellosis and post-opening recommendations should be carefully considered.

PMID:36309444 | DOI:10.1016/j.fm.2022.104143