Tag: pubmed

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2022 Aug 11:S0889-5406(22)00438-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.06.024. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: During treatment, some patients may need to change the location of mini-implants (MIs). This study investigated the stability of MIs relocated to another position in the same patient using the periotest and torque device.

METHODS: Twenty-nine MIs were applied randomly to 1 side of the maxillary region, and torque and periotest values were recorded. The patients were followed-up at 4-week intervals, and periotest measurements were performed at each session. After recording the torque and periotest values in the fourth session, the MIs were removed. After applying the appropriate sterilization procedure, the same MIs were relocated to the contralateral side of the patients’ jaw, and distalization was achieved using a similar procedure for the group of as-received MIs.

RESULTS: Negative correlations were obtained between the torque meter and periotest data for both MI groups. We observed no significant effect of the MI group on periotest measurements (P >0.05). The effect of the MI group on torque values and the interaction effect of the MI group and torque values were not statistically significant (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to achieve similar stability values with as-received and retrieved MIs when appropriate cleaning and sterilization protocols are performed.

PMID:35965167 | DOI:10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.06.024

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2022 Aug 11:S0889-5406(22)00426-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.06.022. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: External apical root resorption (EARR) is one of the most common unfavorable consequences of orthodontic treatment and causes loss of tooth structure. The present study aimed to investigate the genetics of EARR using next-generation sequencing comprehensively.

METHODS: Targeted next-generation sequencing was performed for comprehensive genetic analysis of 118 Korean orthodontic patients. The patients were divided into 2 groups on the basis of their EARR value. The association of clinical and genetic parameters with EARR was assessed using the χ² test or t test for matched pairs, followed by Bonferroni correction and linear regression analysis. In addition, haplotype analysis and in silico prediction were conducted to evaluate functional effects.

RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was observed between clinical and treatment-related parameters and EARR. The single nucleotide polymorphisms SPP1 rs9138 (P = 0.001) and SFRP2 rs3810765 (P = 0.04) showed only nominal significance between EARR groups. However, these 2 SNPs were not significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing (cutoff P = 0.05/142 = 3.52 × 10^-4). Variations in SPP1 rs9138 and SFRP2 rs3810765 may be related to EARR during orthodontic treatment. In summary, not only genes related to inflammatory reactions but also those related to Wnt signaling to affect the degree of EARR during orthodontic teeth movement.

PMID:35965166 | DOI:10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.06.022

Swiss Med Wkly. 2022 Jul 18;152:w30209. doi: 10.4414/smw.2022.w30209. eCollection 2022 Jul 18.

ABSTRACT

TRIAL DESIGN: In the Special Program University Medicine-Acute Coronary Syndromes (SPUM-ACS) observational study (clinical trial registration: NCT01000701), a multicentre before-after clinical trial, we assessed 5-year outcome after acute coronary syndrome, comparing a systematic with an opportunistic smoking cessation counselling phase.

METHODS: We studied smokers who were hospitalised for acute coronary syndromes (ACS), and we assessed self-reported smoking cessation, incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality 5 years after hospital discharge. In the observational phase, from August 2009 to October 2010, only smokers who requested smoking cessation counselling received it during hospitalisation. In the interventional phase, from November 2010 to February 2012, hospitalised smokers with ACS were systematically offered intensive smoking cessation counselling including four telephone calls within 2 months of discharge. Because of the before-after design, the care givers were aware of study phase. The objective was to assess whether systematic counselling to every smoker with ACS has an impact on the long-term smoking cessation rate, incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality. Missing data on smoking cessation were analysed with multiple imputation. The study was not powered to assess differences in 5-year smoking cessation rates or cardiovascular outcomes.

RESULTS: Overall, 458 smokers with ACS were included at baseline (225 during the intervention phase and 233 during the observation phase). At 5 years, 286 (62.4%) reported their smoking status (140 for the intervention phase and 146 for the observation phase) and 51 (11.1%) had died. There was no statistically significant difference in the abstinence rate between the interventional phase (75/140, 54%), and the observational phase (68/146, 47%), with a risk ratio with multiple imputation adjusted for age, sex, education and ACS type of 1.13 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84-1.51, p = 0.4). The 5-year risk of major acute cardiovascular event was similar in the intervention phase as compared with the observational phase. The multivariate adjusted hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 0.84 (95% CI 0.45-1.60, p = 0.6).

CONCLUSIONS: In this controlled long-term interventional study, systematic intensive smoking cessation counselling in all hospitalised smokers with ACS did not increase 5-year smoking cessation rates, nor decrease cardiovascular event recurrence, as compared with opportunistic smoking cessation counselling during hospitalization.

PMID:35964324 | DOI:10.4414/smw.2022.w30209

Mol Biol (Mosk). 2022 Jul-Aug;56(4):663-670. doi: 10.31857/S0026898422040139.

ABSTRACT

Multiple alignment of amino acid sequences of homologous proteins is a key tool in state-of-the-art bioinformatics and evolutionary analysis. Differences in the spatial orientation of amino acid side-chains can predetermine significant functional diversity among members of one superfamily; however, this is usually not taken into account in any way when constructing alignments and during subsequent comparative analysis. First of all, this is due to the limitation of existing algorithms, which are guided by the biochemical similarity of the “alphabet” of amino acid substitutions and either do not use information about the 3D-structural organization of proteins at all, or are limited to comparing the backbone only (i.e., the atoms of the main-chain). In this work, for the first time, we introduce new software for a systematic analysis of specific orientations of amino acid side-chains in equivalent positions of homologous protein structures. The program is intended to assist the analysis of protein multiple sequence alignments. The new algorithm, based on the machine learning HDBSCAN method, can identify statistically significant differences in the side-chain orientations and classify them into subfamilies at each position of multiple alignment. The method has been tested on a wide set of real biological data. The results allow us to speak of the specific orientation of amino acid side-chains as a common phenomenon that requires further study and deserves attention in a comparative analysis of functionally diverse protein superfamilies. The software is freely available at https://github.com/LimoninaDaria/Sub-family-Specific-Sidechain-Orientations.

PMID:35964322 | DOI:10.31857/S0026898422040139

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2022 Aug 14. doi: 10.1007/s10578-022-01407-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate parents’ PDs that could be associated with children and adolescents’ EDs. We studied association of parental PDs with offspring EDs in age group 6-18 years in a nationally representative sample of Iranians with 27,111 children and adolescents and their parents. We used a multistage random cluster sampling method. We used Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-Third Edition and Persian present and lifetime version of Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia to measure parental PDs and children and adolescents’ EDs, respectively. We used descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis methods to analyze the data. Maternal but not paternal PDs were significantly associated with EDs in offspring. Maternal antisocial, borderline, schizoid, histrionic, and compulsive PDs were significantly associated with EDs in offspring by 32.06, 4.66, 4.32, 3.15, and 1.71 odd ratios, respectively. Of EDs in offspring, anorexia nervosa and binge ED were significantly associated with maternal PDs.

PMID:35964272 | DOI:10.1007/s10578-022-01407-7

Qual Life Res. 2022 Aug 14. doi: 10.1007/s11136-022-03230-y. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Against the backdrop of the ever-increasing aging population in Sri Lanka and the scarcity of local evidence on quality of life (QoL) among rural elderly, this study was conducted to assess the QoL of the community-dwelling older adults in rural Sri Lanka.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among community-dwelling older adults (60-74 years) in a selected rural setting in Sri Lanka. K-means cluster analysis was used to stratify participants into ‘low’ and ‘high’ levels of QoL and then significant associations between these clusters and underlying socio-demographic and self-reported health related factors were estimated using bivariate and subsequent multivariable binary logistic regression models.

RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 3573 community-dwelling older adults (response rate 97.8%). The mean (SD) age of the sample was 66.7 (4.3) years and the majority were females (n = 2130, 59.6%). Amongst the six QoL domains assessed (physical, psychological, social, functional, environmental and spiritual domains), the highest and the lowest mean (SD) scores were reported for the functional [63.4 (16.9)] and the physical [52.9 (15.0)] domains, respectively. Aged 70 years or more, either unmarried/widowed/divorced, lower educational levels and having chronic illnesses were statistically significant associations of QoL (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: The QoL among community-dwelling older adults in rural Sri Lanka is moderate. As having social support, absence of chronic diseases and good education level were found to be associated with better QoL, strengthening community-based interventions to improve these aspects by incorporating the evidence generated by other longitudinal studies is recommended.

PMID:35964270 | DOI:10.1007/s11136-022-03230-y

Odontology. 2022 Aug 14. doi: 10.1007/s10266-022-00733-5. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Periodontitis has a known association with pathological calcification in the cardiovascular system. Considering the close anatomic and circulatory association between dental pulp and the periodontium, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of pulp calcification (PC) under different periodontal conditions, as well as the associations of PC with the degree of periodontal damage, via cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination. In this study, 55 patients were categorized into three groups according to periodontal condition: group 1 (healthy controls), group 2 (periodontitis stage I-II), and group 3 (periodontitis stage III-IV). PC and radiographic bone loss (RBL) was assessed by CBCT in sagittal, axial, and coronal views, and statistical analyses were conducted. PC was identified in 378 of 1170 teeth (32.3%). The prevalence significantly differed among the three groups (P < 0.001). Group 2 had a 2.43-fold (P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.64-3.61) higher risk of PC than group 1; and the risk of PC was 3.04-fold (P < 0.001, 95% CI 2.06-4.48) higher in group 3 than group 1. Teeth with more severe RBL exhibited a higher prevalence of PC (P < 0.001). Molar teeth had a higher risk of PC than incisors and premolars. In conclusion, the occurrence of PC is related to the periodontal state, and the prevalence of PC is higher in teeth with periodontitis; tooth type and periodontitis status are important risk factors for PC.

PMID:35964264 | DOI:10.1007/s10266-022-00733-5

Biometrics. 2022 Aug 14. doi: 10.1111/biom.13736. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

We propose a constrained maximum partial likelihood estimator for dimension reduction in integrative (e.g., pan-cancer) survival analysis with high-dimensional predictors. We assume that for each population in the study, the hazard function follows a distinct Cox proportional hazards model. To borrow information across populations, we assume that each of the hazard functions depend only on a small number of linear combinations of the predictors (i.e., “factors”). We estimate these linear combinations using an algorithm based on “distance-to-set” penalties. This allows us to impose both low-rankness and sparsity on the regression coefficient matrix estimator. We derive asymptotic results which reveal that our estimator is more efficient than fitting a separate proportional hazards model for each population. Numerical experiments suggest that our method outperforms competitors under various data generating models. We use our method to perform a pan-cancer survival analysis relating protein expression to survival across 18 distinct cancer types. Our approach identifies six linear combinations, depending on only 20 proteins, which explain survival across the cancer types. Finally, to validate our fitted model, we show that our estimated factors can lead to better prediction than competitors on four external datasets. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:35964256 | DOI:10.1111/biom.13736

Proteins. 2022 Aug 14. doi: 10.1002/prot.26411. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The total free energy of a hydrated biomolecule and its corresponding decomposition of energy and entropy provides detailed information about regions of thermodynamic stability or instability. The free energies of four hydrated globular proteins with different net charges are calculated from a molecular dynamics simulation, with the energy coming from the system Hamiltonian and entropy using multiscale cell correlation. Water is found to be most stable around anionic residues, intermediate around cationic and polar residues, and least stable near hydrophobic residues, especially when more buried, with stability displaying moderate entropy-enthalpy compensation. Conversely, anionic residues in the proteins are energetically destabilised relative to singly solvated amino acids, while trends for other residues are less clear-cut. Almost all residues lose intra-residue entropy when in the protein, enthalpy changes are negative on average but may be positive or negative, and the resulting overall stability is moderate for some proteins and negligible for others. The free energy of water around single amino acids is found to closely match existing hydrophobicity scales. Regarding the effect of secondary structure, water is slightly more stable around loops, of intermediate stability around β strands and turns, and least stable around helices. An interesting asymmetry observed is that cationic residues stabilise a residue when bonded to its N-terminal side but destabilise it when on the C-terminal side, with a weaker reversed trend for anionic residues.

PMID:35964252 | DOI:10.1002/prot.26411

J Prosthodont. 2022 Aug 14. doi: 10.1111/jopr.13593. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine the survival rate, incidence of prosthetic complications and patient satisfaction of implant fixed complete dental prostheses (IFCDPs) after a mean observation period of 1.4 years.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight (28) eligible participants were recruited according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The definitive metal-acrylic resin IFCDPs consisted of titanium bars veneered with acrylic resin and acrylic denture teeth. Prosthodontic complications, divided into major and minor, were monitored. Parameters such as gender, jaw location, bruxism, and occlusal scheme were evaluated. Moreover, a questionnaire was administered throughout the study to assess patient satisfaction. Poisson regression as well as repeated measures ANOVA were used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS: Fourteen (14) males and 14 females were enrolled and followed-up at 3, 6, and 12 months. All IFCDPs survived (100% survival rate). The most frequent minor complication was the loss of material used to close the screw access hole (20% out of total complications). The most frequent major complication was chipping of the acrylic denture teeth (77.14% out of total complications). Gender (P = 0.008) and bruxism (P = 0.030) were significant predictors for the total major complications (major wear and major chipping) while occlusal scheme was a significant predictor for major chipping events (P = 0.030).

CONCLUSIONS: While IFCDPs demonstrated high prosthetic survival rates, they also exhibited a high number of chipping events of the acrylic veneering material, especially in males, bruxers, and individuals with canine guidance occlusion. However, the occurrence of these prosthetic complications did not negatively affect patient satisfaction. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:35964246 | DOI:10.1111/jopr.13593