Tag: pubmed

J Ophthalmol. 2025 Sep 7;2025:1477145. doi: 10.1155/joph/1477145. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To objectively evaluate ocular cycloposition using conventional color fundus photography (CFP) and Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT) in exotropic patients undergoing horizontal strabismus surgery and to assess the agreement between these methods. Additionally, we aimed to determine whether surgery alters ocular torsion in pure exotropia. Methods: In this prospective, single-center study, 42 eyes from 21 patients with exotropia requiring bilateral lateral rectus muscle recession were evaluated. The disc-center fovea angle (DFA) was measured pre- and postoperatively using CFP (Topcon fundus camera) and Spectralis OCT with fovea-to-disc (FoDi) alignment software. Results: The angle of exodeviation improved significantly postoperatively, from 35.10 ± 7.89 to 3.76 ± 3.73 prism diopters (p < 0.001). Both CFP- and OCT-derived DFA values remained stable in both eyes at 6 months (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). No significant differences were observed between CFP and OCT measurements at baseline or postoperatively (p > 0.05). Preoperative intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between methods was strong (right eye: 0.765; left eye: 0.750), decreasing postoperatively to moderate levels (right eye: 0.618; left eye: 0.661). Conclusion: Horizontal strabismus surgery does not significantly alter ocular torsion in pure exotropia. Spectralis OCT reliably quantifies cyclotorsion but may yield marginally lower DFA values compared to CFP, despite no statistical difference.

PMID:40955372 | PMC:PMC12433727 | DOI:10.1155/joph/1477145

Appl Psychol Meas. 2025 Sep 13:01466216251379471. doi: 10.1177/01466216251379471. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Extreme and midpoint response styles have frequently been found to decrease the validity of Likert-type questionnaire results. Different approaches for modelling extreme and midpoint responding have been proposed in the literature, with some advocating for a unidimensional conceptualization of the response styles as opposite poles, and others modelling them as separate dimensions. How these response styles are modelled influences the estimation complexity, parameter estimates, and detection of and correction for response styles in IRT models. For these reasons, we examine if it is possible to empirically distinguish between extreme and midpoint responding as two separate dimensions versus two opposite sides of a single dimension. The various conceptualizations are modelled using the multidimensional nominal response model, with the AIC and BIC being used to distinguish between the competing models in a simulation study and an empirical example. Results indicate good performance of both information criteria given sufficient sample size, test length, and response style strength. The BIC outperformed the AIC in cases where no response styles were present, while the AIC outperformed the BIC in cases where multiple response style dimensions were present. Implications of the results for practice are discussed.

PMID:40955369 | PMC:PMC12433433 | DOI:10.1177/01466216251379471

Scientifica (Cairo). 2025 Sep 7;2025:2603978. doi: 10.1155/sci5/2603978. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

The present study explores the ichthyodiversity of a Cyprinid fish. A total of 622 fish samples were collected from five different sites of the Kurram River and identified using standard keys for identification. Out of 622 collected fish samples, 188 were related to the family Cyprinidae comprised of 19 species such as Barilius vagra, Barilius modestus, Barilius pakistanicus, Cyprinus carpio, Labeo rohita, Carassius auratus, Salmophasia punjabensis, Amblypharyngodon mola, Gara gotyla, Puntius conchonius, Puntius chola, Puntius sophore, Puntius ticto, Tor putitora, Schizothorax esocinus, Schizothorax plagiostomus, Schizothorax labiatus, Labeo diplocheilus, and Crossocheilus diplocheilus. The current study explores 5 new species, i.e., Schizothorax labiatus, Schizothorax esocinus, Amblypharyngodon mola, Puntius chola, and Salmophasia punjabensis for the first time, which are not reported in the earlier work. Principal component analysis (PCA) and diversity indices were analyzed using XLSTAT in conjunction with Microsoft Excel 2019 to assess the correlation and richness of fish diversity. To check the water quality of the River Kurram, the following parameters were examined: temperature, copper, pH, nitrate, alkalinity, chlorine, total hardness, iron, nitrite, and lead. All the recorded physicochemical parameters remained within the safe limits throughout the study period.

PMID:40955354 | PMC:PMC12433728 | DOI:10.1155/sci5/2603978

J Multidiscip Healthc. 2025 Sep 10;18:5677-5689. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S531771. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a structured narrative nursing log, grounded in narrative nursing theory, for use with conscious patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), and to conduct a preliminary clinical evaluation of its effectiveness.

METHODS: A structured narrative nursing log was developed through literature review, group brainstorming, and expert consultation. A quasi-experimental design was adopted. The study included 90 conscious ICU patients from a Class III Grade A hospital in Nantong, Jiangsu Province, selected via convenience sampling. Participants were assigned to either the control group (n = 46), in which nurses documented care using a blank nursing log, or the intervention group (n = 44), in which nurses utilized the structured narrative nursing log developed in this study. Primary outcome measures included patient-reported anxiety levels, perceived caring, time spent by ICU nurses on narrative nursing, and nurses’ sense of professional fulfillment.

RESULTS: Patients in the intervention group exhibited significantly lower anxiety levels and significantly higher perceived caring compared to those in the control group (p < 0.05; 95% CI, 2.33-3.72). The average time spent on narrative nursing was also significantly lower in the intervention group (25.05 ± 1.94 minutes) than in the control group (34.07 ± 3.93 minutes) (p < 0.05; 95% CI, 7.71-10.33). Among the 43 participating ICU nurses, a statistically significant increase in self-reported professional fulfillment was observed following implementation of the structured log (p < 0.05; 95% CI, -10.95 to -6.40).

CONCLUSION: The structured narrative nursing log shows promise in reducing anxiety-related symptoms, improving patients’ perception of care, and enhancing nurses’ sense of professional accomplishment. These findings suggest its potential value in refining nursing practices for conscious patients in intensive care settings.

PMID:40955351 | PMC:PMC12433643 | DOI:10.2147/JMDH.S531771

Patient Prefer Adherence. 2025 Sep 10;19:2847-2859. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S502613. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The lack of instruments to assess asthma self-management in Brazil highlights the need to develop specific tools to help patients manage their own health condition.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Asthma Self-Management Questionnaire (ASMQ) for the Brazilian adult population diagnosed with asthma.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a methodological, exploratory, and descriptive study approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CEP) of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) under opinion number 6.062.022. The study followed international guidelines to design and execute six stages: translation, synthesis of translations, back-translation, synthesis of back-translations, Multidisciplinary Committee of Experts, and pre-testing. For the translation phase, five judges participated using the Delphi Technique through the Multidisciplinary Committee of Experts. For the cross-cultural adaptation, a pre-test phase was conducted using a questionnaire applied to individuals who met the eligibility criteria. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software, version 22.0, with a significance level of 5%.

RESULTS: The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the ASMQ-Brazil to Brazilian Portuguese were completed. The results of this study demonstrated a Content Validity Index (CVI) greater than 0.80 for all items in the instrument. The ASMQ-Brazil is presented as a valid and reliable health measurement instrument for assessing asthma self-management in the Brazilian adult population.

PMID:40955346 | PMC:PMC12433639 | DOI:10.2147/PPA.S502613

Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2025 Oct;137(4):e70097. doi: 10.1111/bcpt.70097.

ABSTRACT

This scoping review investigates the association between ABCB1 polymorphisms and antidepressant efficacy in humans. A systematic search identified 630 records, of which 58 met the inclusion criteria, resulting in 42 unique studies (five randomised controlled trials (RCTs), two randomised studies (non-RCTs), 30 prospective cohort studies, three case-control studies, one cross-sectional clinical study and one phase I clinical trial). These studies examined single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in or near the ABCB1 gene and their association with antidepressant treatment response. Of the 42 studies, 30 focused on rs1045642, the most extensively studied SNP. Among these, only 20% reported statistically significant associations. Beyond rs1045642, rs2032582 and rs1128503 were also frequently studied, but statistically significant associations were reported in only a minority of cases (28% and 13%, respectively), often with conflicting directions. Haplotype analyses involving all three SNPs (the TTT haplotype) showed mixed results. Results were variable across antidepressants, likely due to overlapping pharmacokinetic pathways. Methodological differences, including study design, sample sizes and definitions of remission, likely contribute to these inconsistencies. This review highlights the complexity of linking ABCB1 polymorphisms to antidepressant treatment response and suggests the need for standardised methodologies and larger, diverse populations in future studies. Haplotype analyses could provide deeper insights and enhance personalised treatment strategies.

PMID:40954508 | DOI:10.1111/bcpt.70097

Arch Public Health. 2025 Sep 16;83(1):226. doi: 10.1186/s13690-025-01728-8.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) offers significant health benefits for children and adolescents with (CAWD) and without (CAWoD) disabilities. As there’s no data about the PA in different settings of CAWD in Germany, the present study aims to identify and compare PA participation in CAWD and CAWoD, focusing on meeting the World Health Organizational (WHO) PA recommendations and participation in sports activities (non-organised and organised sport in higher intensities) and sports clubs.

METHOD: This study used data from the cross-sectional nationwide German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS). To analyse and compare PA behaviour, Pearson Chi²-tests and binary logistic regression models were performed.

RESULTS: All PA values were analysed in 250 CAWD and 12,557 CAWoD aged 0-17 years. In CAWD PA values were lower than in CAWoD. Only 21.6% (54) of CAWD met the PA recommendations. Regarding participation in sport clubs, 44.6% (108) of CAWD compared to 60.3% (7,511) of CAWoD participated. Across sporting activities, 60.4% (151) of CAWD participate compared to 75.2% (9,488) of CAWoD. Statistically significant differences were identified across sport club participation (OR: 0.54, 95% CI [0.45, 0.78]) as well as sporting activities (OR: 0.59, 95% CI [0.42, 0.71]).

DISCUSSION: CAWD are less active compared to their peers without disabilities, showing significantly lower participation in sporting activities and sport clubs.

PMID:40954495 | DOI:10.1186/s13690-025-01728-8

Arch Public Health. 2025 Sep 16;83(1):226. doi: 10.1186/s13690-025-01728-8.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) offers significant health benefits for children and adolescents with (CAWD) and without (CAWoD) disabilities. As there’s no data about the PA in different settings of CAWD in Germany, the present study aims to identify and compare PA participation in CAWD and CAWoD, focusing on meeting the World Health Organizational (WHO) PA recommendations and participation in sports activities (non-organised and organised sport in higher intensities) and sports clubs.

METHOD: This study used data from the cross-sectional nationwide German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS). To analyse and compare PA behaviour, Pearson Chi²-tests and binary logistic regression models were performed.

RESULTS: All PA values were analysed in 250 CAWD and 12,557 CAWoD aged 0-17 years. In CAWD PA values were lower than in CAWoD. Only 21.6% (54) of CAWD met the PA recommendations. Regarding participation in sport clubs, 44.6% (108) of CAWD compared to 60.3% (7,511) of CAWoD participated. Across sporting activities, 60.4% (151) of CAWD participate compared to 75.2% (9,488) of CAWoD. Statistically significant differences were identified across sport club participation (OR: 0.54, 95% CI [0.45, 0.78]) as well as sporting activities (OR: 0.59, 95% CI [0.42, 0.71]).

DISCUSSION: CAWD are less active compared to their peers without disabilities, showing significantly lower participation in sporting activities and sport clubs.

PMID:40954495 | DOI:10.1186/s13690-025-01728-8

Thyroid Res. 2025 Sep 16;18(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s13044-025-00264-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Swallowing complaints are common following total thyroidectomy, though an exact mechanism of patient-reported swallowing symptoms following thyroidectomy is currently lacking. This secondary, blinded analysis of data collected in a randomized, controlled clinical trial hypothesized that patients randomly assigned to the central neck dissection group would exhibit increased aspiration and pharyngeal residue on videofluoroscopic swallowing evaluation, and reduced patient-rated swallowing outcomes, as compared to patients randomized to thyroidectomy alone. We further hypothesized that blinded analysis would reveal worse swallowing function two-weeks post-surgery when compared to their pre-operative status to explain qualitative patient-reported dysphagia symptoms.

METHODS: Thirty-two participants randomized to total thyroidectomy treatment with or without central neck dissection underwent pre- and post-surgical evaluation of swallowing outcomes, including videofluoroscopic Penetration/Aspiration Scale ratings, Normalized Residue Ratio Scale measures of valleculae and pyriform sinus residue, and EAT-10 patient-rated outcomes.

RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found post-surgery between randomized treatment groups for patient-rated EAT-10 scores (p = 0.2406), penetration/aspiration scale (p = 0.4465) or Normalized Residue Rating Scale scores for either vallecular or pyriform sinus sites. When group data were combined for analysis of differences between pre- and post-operative swallow performance, no statistically significant differences were found in patient-rated EAT-10 scores (p = 0.1374), penetration/aspiration scale (p = 0.7588) or Normalized Residue Rating Scale scores.

CONCLUSIONS: Measures of penetration/aspiration and pharyngeal residue failed to substantiate perceptions of post-operative dysphagia reported by patients undergoing total thyroidectomy with or without central neck dissection.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02138214.

PMID:40954474 | DOI:10.1186/s13044-025-00264-5

Thyroid Res. 2025 Sep 16;18(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s13044-025-00264-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Swallowing complaints are common following total thyroidectomy, though an exact mechanism of patient-reported swallowing symptoms following thyroidectomy is currently lacking. This secondary, blinded analysis of data collected in a randomized, controlled clinical trial hypothesized that patients randomly assigned to the central neck dissection group would exhibit increased aspiration and pharyngeal residue on videofluoroscopic swallowing evaluation, and reduced patient-rated swallowing outcomes, as compared to patients randomized to thyroidectomy alone. We further hypothesized that blinded analysis would reveal worse swallowing function two-weeks post-surgery when compared to their pre-operative status to explain qualitative patient-reported dysphagia symptoms.

METHODS: Thirty-two participants randomized to total thyroidectomy treatment with or without central neck dissection underwent pre- and post-surgical evaluation of swallowing outcomes, including videofluoroscopic Penetration/Aspiration Scale ratings, Normalized Residue Ratio Scale measures of valleculae and pyriform sinus residue, and EAT-10 patient-rated outcomes.

RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found post-surgery between randomized treatment groups for patient-rated EAT-10 scores (p = 0.2406), penetration/aspiration scale (p = 0.4465) or Normalized Residue Rating Scale scores for either vallecular or pyriform sinus sites. When group data were combined for analysis of differences between pre- and post-operative swallow performance, no statistically significant differences were found in patient-rated EAT-10 scores (p = 0.1374), penetration/aspiration scale (p = 0.7588) or Normalized Residue Rating Scale scores.

CONCLUSIONS: Measures of penetration/aspiration and pharyngeal residue failed to substantiate perceptions of post-operative dysphagia reported by patients undergoing total thyroidectomy with or without central neck dissection.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02138214.

PMID:40954474 | DOI:10.1186/s13044-025-00264-5