Tag: pubmed

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2021 Dec 1;22(12):1451-1456.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of incorporating one circumferential groove and bur modification on retention of cast copings on implant abutment cemented with glass ionomer cement.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen straight shoulder implant abutments casted of height 6 mm used with corresponding 12 mm long stainless steel implant analog. The abutments were divided into three groups of five abutments in each group. Group I: Control group, without any surface modification, Group II: Milling of a circumferential groove, and Group III: Bur modification by creating punches of size whole round bur diameter 5 per axial surfaces. Glass ionomer definitive cement was used to adhere the cast copings to each group of abutments. After thermocycling, the specimens were evaluated for retention using the Instron Universal Testing Machine’s pull-out test. The data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey post-hoc test to compare the load among the three groups.

RESULTS: According to the findings, the inclusion of a circumferential groove (Group II) increased the retention of glass ionomer cement maintained implant-supported crowns by 44.58%. The bur modification (Group III) boosted glass ionomer cement maintained implant-supported crown retention by 110.69% while retaining retrievability. Results were statistically significant.

CONCLUSION: Bur modification revealed more retention when compared to the groove and control group.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Short abutments are used in the clinical situation where interarch space is less. To achieve adequate retention of the implant crowns, surface modification of the abutments is necessary while selecting a cement-retained prosthesis.

PMID:35656686

J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2022 Jun 3;41(1):193. doi: 10.1186/s13046-022-02396-0.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Understanding the intricate signaling network involved in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a challenge for developing novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we aim to provide novel mechanistic insights on the function of the S100A8/A9-RAGE system in TNBC.

METHODS: TNM plot analyzer, Kaplan-Meier plotter, Meta-analysis, GEPIA2 and GOBO publicly available datasets were used to evaluate the clinical significance of S100A8/A9 and expression levels of S100A8/A9, RAGE and Filamin family members in breast cancer (BC) subtypes. METABRIC database and Cox proportional hazard model defined the clinical impact of high RAGE expression in BC patients. Multiple bioinformatics programs identified the main enriched pathways within high RAGE expression BC cohorts. By lentiviral system, TNBC cells were engineered to overexpress RAGE. Western blotting, immunofluorescence, nucleus/cytoplasm fractionation, qRT-PCR, gene silencing and luciferase experiments were performed to identify signal transduction mediators engaged by RAGE upon stimulation with S100A8/A9 in TNBC cells. Proliferation, colony formation and transwell migration assays were carried out to evaluate the growth and migratory capacity of TNBC cells. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and independent t-tests.

RESULTS: We found a remarkable high expression of S100A8 and S100A9 in BC, particularly in HER2-positive and TNBC, with the latter associated to worst clinical outcomes. In addition, high RAGE expression correlated with a poor overall survival in BC. Next, we determined that the S100A8/A9-RAGE system triggers FAK activation by engaging a cytoskeleton mechanosensing complex in TNBC cells. Through bioinformatics analysis, we identified the Hippo pathway as the most enriched in BC patients expressing high RAGE levels. In accordance with these data, we demonstrated the involvement of S100A8/A9-RAGE-FAK signaling in the control of Hippo/YAP activities, and we established the crucial contribution of RAGE-FAK-YAP circuitry in the growth and migratory effects initiated by S100A8/A9 in TNBC cells.

CONCLUSIONS: The present study provides novel mechanistic insights on RAGE actions in TNBC. Moreover, our findings suggest that RAGE-FAK-YAP transduction pathway could be exploited as a druggable system halting the aggressive TNBC subtype.

PMID:35655319 | DOI:10.1186/s13046-022-02396-0

BMC Med Educ. 2022 Jun 2;22(1):421. doi: 10.1186/s12909-022-03487-4.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an important competency of undergraduate nursing students which should be cultivated before graduation by increasing future healthcare providers’ knowledge, skills and attitudes towards EBP. This study aimed to describe nursing students’ competencies (attitudes, knowledge, skills) in Evidence-based practice (EBP) and to determine factors predicting EBP competency.

METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Higher School of Health Sciences and Techniques of Sousse (Tunisia) among 365 nursing students. Data were collected using the validated Evidence Based Practice Competencies Questionnaire (EBP-COQ). Multiple linear regression was performed to determine factors predicting EBP competencies.

RESULTS: The overall score of EBP-COQ questionnaire was 3.26 ± 0.53 out of 5. The attitude, skills and knowledge subscales received 4.04 ± 0.41; 3.05 ± 0.77 and 2.70 ± 0.74 as mean scores respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis (table 4) revealed that significant related factors were academic level (β = 0.271, p = 0.001), English-language reading skills (β = 0.435, p < 0.001), facing staff resistance in implementing a new evidence-based procedure (β = – 0.081, p = 0.035) difficulties in obtaining full-text papers (β = – 0.127, p < 0.001) and training in methodology (β = 0.232, p < 0.001) and also in statistics (β = 0.205, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: These results help to understand students’ attitudes, knowledge and skills in EBP and can be therefore a starting point to develop effective strategies for EBP curricula.

PMID:35655300 | DOI:10.1186/s12909-022-03487-4

BMC Res Notes. 2022 Jun 2;15(1):190. doi: 10.1186/s13104-022-06081-5.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Although linkage studies have been utilized for the identification of variants associated with cancer in the world, little is known about their role in non BRCA1/2 individuals in the Sri Lankans. Hence we performed linkage analysis to identify susceptibility loci related to the inherited risk of cancer in a cohort of Sri Lankans affected with hereditary breast cancer. The Illumina global screening array having 654,027 single nucleotide polymorphism markers was performed in four families, in which at least three individuals within third degree relatives were affected by breast cancer. Two-point parametric linkage analysis was conducted assuming disease allele frequency of 1%. Penetrance was set at 90% for carriers with a 10% phenocopy rate.

RESULTS: Thirty-one variants exhibited genome-wide suggestive HLODs. The top overall HLOD score was at rs1856277, an intronic variant in MYO16 on chromosome 13. The two most informative families also suggested several candidate linked loci in genes, including ERAP1, RPRM, WWOX, CDH1, EXOC1, HUS1B, STIM1 and TUSC1. This study provides the first step in identifying germline variants that may be involved in risk of cancer in cancer-aggregated non-BRCA1/2 families from the understudied Sri Lankan population. Several candidate linked regions showed suggestive evidence of linkage to cancer risk.

PMID:35655316 | DOI:10.1186/s13104-022-06081-5

BMC Endocr Disord. 2022 Jun 2;22(1):149. doi: 10.1186/s12902-022-01052-0.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although dozens of studies have investigated the relationship between the content of serum cystatin C (Cys-C) and diabetic nephropathy (DN), the results are still controversial. Hence, This study aims to explore the accuracy of serum Cys-C for diagnosing DN by meta-analysis.

METHODS: The studies about serum Cys-C diagnosing DN were searched from six online databases from inception to September 22, 2020. The data were processed by Stata 15.0 statistic software. The corresponding diagnostic effect sizes, such as sensitivity and specificity, were obtained. We drew a summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve. We assess the risk of literature bias was following the QUADAS-2 guidelines.

RESULTS: Twenty-six published studies were identified. The results showed a pooled sensitivity of 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82-0.90), specificity of 0.89 (95%CI: 0.85-0.92), positive likelihood ratio of 7.59 (95%CI: 5.66-10.19), negative likelihood ratio of 0.16 (95%CI: 0.12-0.21), and diagnostic odds ratio of 48.03 (95%CI: 30.64-75.29). The area under the SROC curve was given a value of 0.94 (95%CI: 0.91-0.96).

CONCLUSION: Serum cystatin C has an excellent diagnostic value with good sensitivity and specificity for diabetic nephropathy.

PMID:35655297 | DOI:10.1186/s12902-022-01052-0

Trials. 2022 Jun 2;23(1):454. doi: 10.1186/s13063-022-06396-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders. Based on the various symptoms present in patients with functional dyspepsia postprandial distress syndrome (FD-PDS), routine agents such as acid suppressants, prokinetic drugs, and centrally acting drugs, offer limited treatment choices with potential side effects. As a preliminary clinical trial showed that the marketed product Zhizhu Kuanzhong Capsule (ZZKZ) can improve symptoms in FD-PDS patients, our study aims to provide further evidence on the clinical efficacy and safety of ZZKZ in the treatment of patients with FD-PDS.

METHODS: In this multicenter, randomized, patient- and investigator-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial, we will recruit patients with FD-PDS from 18 hospitals in China and Australia. The trial will enroll patients with FD-PDS based on the Rome IV diagnostic criteria. A total of 480 eligible patients will be randomized 1:1 into either ZZKZ or placebo group with 8 weeks of treatment and 4 weeks of follow-up. The primary endpoint will be measured by a self-rated Visual Analogue Score (VAS) for the degree of discomfort with both symptoms of postprandial fullness and early satiation, recorded once a day and 7 days a week. The primary analysis will aim to compare the response rate for FD-PDS VAS score between the groups before and after 8 weeks of treatment with an alpha level of 0.05 (2-sided).

DISCUSSION: This trial aims to strengthen the evidence for the efficacy and safety of ZZKZ, a marketed product, in treating FD-PDS. Compared to the previous clinical trial that targeted FD-PDS, this trial will have an 8-week double-blind treatment period to investigate the effect of long-term mediation through comparison with the placebo group.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03825692 . Registered on 28 January 2019.

PMID:35655286 | DOI:10.1186/s13063-022-06396-5

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2022 Jun 2;19(1):62. doi: 10.1186/s12966-022-01295-z.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:35655283 | DOI:10.1186/s12966-022-01295-z

BMC Health Serv Res. 2022 Jun 2;22(1):736. doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-08138-4.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This article reports an evaluation of the Immunization Training Challenge Hackathons (ITCH), invented by The Geneva Learning Foundation (TGLF) for national and sub-national immunization staff who strive to develop the knowledge and capacity of others to improve immunization program performance. ITCH, a fully-digital program focused on networked collaborative problem-solving between peers, provided an “opt-in” activity for learners in the Teach to Reach (T2R) Accelerator Program designed to improve training effectiveness in the immunization sphere.

METHODS: Conducted by a team from the University of Georgia, this mixed method evaluation consisted of thematic analysis of recorded sessions and open-ended comments; and statistical analyses of application and follow-up survey data. The evaluation focused on what was learned and how ITCH participants implemented what they learned. Key stakeholder interviews provided supplemental data about program intent and results. ITCH consisted of 17 30-min sessions held in 2020, in English and French, with 581 participating at least once out of 1,454 enrolled in the overall program. Challenge owners and respondents came from 15 African and Asian countries and spanned different roles with differing scope.

RESULTS: Over 85% [n = 154] of survey respondents [n = 181, a 31% response rate] indicated they were able to implement what they learned from the ITCH sessions. A majority [n = 139, 76.7%] reported finding the sessions useful. Issues with poor connectivity and the timing of the live meetings impeded some in their ability to participate, a problem compounded by consequences of the pandemic. The ITCH process constituted of learning or coming to consciousness simultaneously of four types of learning – participants realizing how much they could learn from each other (peer learning), experiencing the power of defying distance to solve problems together (remote learning), and feeling a growing sense of belonging to a community (social learning), emergent across country borders and health system levels (networked learning).

CONCLUSIONS: Based on evaluation findings, it was concluded that ITCH demonstrated an effective scalable, informal, non-didactic, experience-led, fast-paced, peer learning design. A focus on community engagement and developing brokering skills was recommended.

PMID:35655276 | DOI:10.1186/s12913-022-08138-4

Syst Rev. 2022 Jun 2;11(1):109. doi: 10.1186/s13643-021-01858-4.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cancer morbidity and mortality rates remain high, and thus, at present, considerable efforts are focused on finding drugs with higher sensitivity against tumor cells and fewer side effects. Disulfiram (DSF), as an anti-alcoholic drug, kills the cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. Several preclinical and clinical studies have examined the potential of repurposing DSF as an anticancer treatment. This systematic review aimed to assess evidence regarding the antineoplastic activity of DSF in in vitro and in vivo models, as well as in humans.

METHODS: Two authors independently conducted this systematic review of English and Chinese articles from the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases up to July 2019. Eligible in vitro studies needed to include assessments of the apoptosis rate by flow cytometry using annexin V/propidium iodide, and studies in animal models and clinical trials needed to examine tumor inhibition rates, and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS: Overall, 35 studies, i.e., 21 performed in vitro, 11 based on animal models, and three clinical trials, were finally included. In vitro and animal studies indicated that DSF was associated with enhanced apoptosis and tumor inhibition rates, separately. Human studies showed that DSF prolongs PFS and OS. The greatest anti-tumor activity was observed when DSF was used as combination therapy or as a nanoparticle-encapsulated molecule. There was no noticeable body weight loss after DSF treatment, which indicated that there was no major toxicity of DSF.

CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review provides evidence regarding the anti-tumor activity of DSF in vitro, in animals, and in humans and indicates the optimal forms of treatment to be evaluated in future research.

PMID:35655266 | DOI:10.1186/s13643-021-01858-4

BMC Med Genomics. 2022 Jun 2;15(1):123. doi: 10.1186/s12920-022-01279-9.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (Pca) is a public health problem that affects men, usually of middle age or older. It is the second most common cancer diagnosed in men and the fifth leading cause of death. The RNASEL gene located in 1q25 and identified as a susceptibility gene to hereditary prostate cancer, has never been studied in relation to prostate cancer in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to analyze the carriage of RNASEL R462Q and D541E mutations and risks factors in patients with prostate cancer in the Burkina Faso.

METHODS: This case-control study included of 38 histologically diagnosed prostate cancer cases and 53 controls (cases without prostate abnormalities). Real-time PCR genotyping of R462Q and D541E variants using the TaqMan® allelic discrimination technique was used. Correlations between different genotypes and combined genotypes were investigated.

RESULTS: The R462Q variant was present in 5.3% of cases and 7.5% of controls. The D541E variant was present in 50.0% of cases and 35% of controls. There is no association between R462Q variants (OR = 0.60; 95%IC, 0.10-3.51; p = 0.686) and D541E variants (OR = 2.46; 95%IC, 0.78-7.80; p = 0.121) and genotypes combined with prostate cancer. However, there is a statistically significant difference in the distribution of cases according to the PSA rate at diagnosis (p ˂ 0.001). For the Gleason score distribution, only 13.2% of cases have a Gleason score greater than 7. There is a statistically significant difference in the Gleason score distribution of cases (p ˂ 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: These variants, considered in isolation or in combination, are not associated with the risk of prostate cancer.

PMID:35655265 | DOI:10.1186/s12920-022-01279-9