Tag: pubmed

Nurs Open. 2022 May 28. doi: 10.1002/nop2.1253. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated contextual factors of compassion fatigue in nurses in Kampala.

DESIGN: This study employed a cross-sectional study design.

METHODS: Participants included 395 nurses. They provided details about their demographic information. Stamm’s Professional Quality of Life V-5 was used to assess the levels of compassion fatigue. Statistical analysis included Pearson’s chi-square and Fischer’s exact test, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. A p-value of <.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: Of the total 395 participants, 58.23% (N = 230) were female, 39.76% had a diploma, 47.09% were single, 43.54% had worked for 11-15 years, 54.94% had an exposure to COVID-19 cases and 43.54% worked for more than 10 hr a day. 49.11% had high levels of compassion fatigue. The predictors of compassion fatigue were working experience (p-value = <.001), exposure to COVID-19 (p-value = <.019), long working hours (p-value = .003) and remuneration (p-value = <.001).

PMID:35633514 | DOI:10.1002/nop2.1253

J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2022 May 28. doi: 10.1007/s44197-022-00045-5. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hunan Province is a region in China with a high prevalence of intracerebral hemorrhage, especially primary intracerebral hemorrhage (PICH). The objective of this observational study was to assess the disease burden of PICH.

METHODS: We searched the Hunan Provincial Health Statistics Direct Reporting and Decision Analysis System to retrieve PICH inpatient and outpatient data and all-population all-cause deaths in Hunan Province in 2018. DisMod II was used to estimate the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to PICH in 2018.

RESULTS: In 2018, 30,400 new PICH cases were recorded in Hunan Province. The incidence was higher among men (51.6 per 100,000) than women (29.3 per 100,000). The DALYs due to PICH were 478,000 patient-years, the years of life lost (YLLs) were 452,000 patient-years and the years lived with disability (YLDs) were 27,000 patient-years. In 2018, the rate of DALYs due to PICH was 6.4 patient-years per 1000 individuals, the rate of YLLs was 6.1 patient-years per 1000 individuals, and the rate of YLDs was 0.3 patient-years per 1000 individuals.

CONCLUSION: We estimated the DALYs due to PICH in Hunan Province in 2018, thereby providing relevant data for the development of policies and measures for the management of PICH disease burden.

PMID:35633483 | DOI:10.1007/s44197-022-00045-5

Int Ophthalmol. 2022 May 28. doi: 10.1007/s10792-022-02332-3. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To correlate optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based morphological patterns of diabetic macular edema (DME), biomarkers and grade of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with various stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) secondary to diabetes.

DESIGN: Multicentric retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at seven centers across India.

METHODS: Data from medical records of patients with DME and CKD were entered in a common excel sheet across all seven centers. Staging of CKD was based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

RESULTS: The most common morphological pattern of DME was cystoid pattern (42%) followed by the mixed pattern (31%). The proportion of different morphological patterns did not significantly vary across various CKD stages (p = 0.836). The presence of external limiting membrane-ellipsoid zone (ELM-EZ) defects (p < 0.001) and foveal sub-field thickness (p = 0.024) showed a direct correlation with the stage of CKD which was statistically significant. The presence of hyperreflective dots (HRD) and disorganization of inner retinal layers (DRIL) showed no significant correlation with the stage of CKD. Sight threatening DR was found to increase from 70% in CKD stage 3 to 82% in stages 4 and 5 of CKD, and this was statistically significant (p = 0.03).

CONCLUSION: Cystoid morphological pattern followed by mixed type was the most common pattern of DME on OCT found in patients suffering from stage 3 to 5 of CKD. However, the morphological patterns of DME did not significantly vary across various CKD stages. ELM-EZ defects may be considered as an important OCT biomarker for advanced stage of CKD.

PMID:35633427 | DOI:10.1007/s10792-022-02332-3

Tech Coloproctol. 2022 May 28. doi: 10.1007/s10151-022-02632-x. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is a common treatment for patients with urinary and faecal incontinence. A close contact of the tined lead electrode with the targeted nerve is likely to improve functional outcome. The aim of this study was to compare the position of the SNM lead in relation to the sacral nerve by comparing different implantation techniques.

METHODS: This cadaver study was conducted at the Division of Anatomy of Vienna’s Medical University in October 2020. We dissected 10 cadavers after bilateral SNM lead implantation (n = 20), using two different standardized implantation techniques. The cadavers were categorized as group A (n = 10), representing the conventional guided implantation group and group B (n = 10), where SNM implantation was conducted with the novel fluoroscopy-guided “H”-technique. The primary goal was to assess the distance between the sacral nerve and the lead placement.

RESULTS: The electrodes were inserted at a median angle of 58.5° (46-65°) in group A and 60° (50-65°) in group B, without reaching statistical significance. In 8 cadavers, the lead entered the S3 foramen successfully. The median distance of the lead to the nerve did not show a significant difference between both groups (E0: Group A: 0.0 mm vs. Group B: 0.0 mm, p = 0.969; E1: Group A: 0.0 mm vs. Group B: 0.5 mm p = 0.754; E2: Group A: 2.5 mm vs. Group B: 2.5 mm p = 1.000; E3: Group A: 3.5 mm vs. Group B: 4.0 mm p = 0.675). In 2 cases (20%) of the conventional group A, the lead was misplaced and located at the gluteal muscle. Perforation of the presacral fascia was observed in one lead placement in group A and in two placements in group B.

CONCLUSIONS: Both standardized implantation techniques may ensure close electrode proximity to the targeted nerve. Misplacement of the electrode was more often observed with the conventional implantation technique.

PMID:35633425 | DOI:10.1007/s10151-022-02632-x

Rheumatol Int. 2022 May 28. doi: 10.1007/s00296-022-05148-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

To examine the association between common comorbidities, eGFR and loci involved in the hyperuricaemia-gout transition. This study was conducted in people with gout from the UK Biobank. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between self-reported physician-diagnosed hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) with the following variants: rs1260326(GCKR), rs16890979(SLC2A9), rs2231142(ABCG2), rs1229984(ADH1B) and rs2078267(SLC22A11) and adjusted for age, sex and 10-principal components. Linear regression was used to examine the association with eGFR. 7,049 participants with gout were included. After adjusting for multiple testing, there was a statistically significant positive association between urate lowering allele at SLC2A9 and hypertension, and negative association between urate raising allele at ABCG2 and hypertension (OR 1.17 and OR 0.86, respectively). Number of urate lowering risk alleles associated with hypertension [OR (95%CI) 1.13 (1.06-1.21)]. High eGFR associated with urate raising allele at rs2231142 (β = 1.38). The SNP in ADH1B that protects from alcohol excess showed a negative association with IHD (OR 0.53). Unlike in general population studies urate lowering genetic variants associate with hypertension in gout patients with dose-response. This may be due to high prevalence of other risk factors of hypertension such as obesity, poor diet etc. and needs validation in independent datasets.

PMID:35633389 | DOI:10.1007/s00296-022-05148-7

Wiad Lek. 2022;75(4 pt 1):865-870. doi: 10.36740/WLek202204121.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The purpose of this article was to study the impact of Tae-Bo on the development of motor potential of students and its effectiveness in the process of extracurricular activities.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The experiment was conducted in the conditions of the educational process. An experimental group was formed, which was engaged in the traditional educational program of physical education and additionally three times a week, attended training in Tae-Bo. The control group was engaged in the traditional educational program on physical education in HEI. The following methods were used in the work to solve the research tasks: method of analysis and generalization of literature; surveys, questionnaires; methods of pedagogical observation and experiment; method of testing indicators of physical fitness; methods of mathematical statistics.

RESULTS: Results: When comparing the indicators of external manifestation of physical qualities of students of control (n = 60) and experimental (n = 60) groups at the end of the formative experiment, statistically significant differences (p <0.05 and p <0.01) were recorded in tests to determine coordination, strength, endurance, flexibility.

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Thus, the introduction of a developed Tae-Bo training system in the extra-curricular process of HEI students contributed to the positive development of their motor abilities. Experimental work allowed to determine the place and role of modern Tae-Bo training in the extra-curricular process of HEI students.

PMID:35633362 | DOI:10.36740/WLek202204121

Wiad Lek. 2022;75(4 pt 1):853-856. doi: 10.36740/WLek202204119.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The present study aims is to assess nurses knowledge between men and women concerning for coronary artery disease patient in AL-Nasiriyah City hospitals, and also to measure the percentage of these knowledge.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: A descriptive study design to achieve the objectives of the study. The study has been conducted upon non-probability (purposive) sample of (175) nurses. All nurses who work at medical department were selected based on the study criteria. The questionnaire has been adopted to meet and achieve the objectives of the study. The questionnaire consists of two parts: part one demographic characteristic for students; part two consists of Nurses’ knowledge toward coronary artery disease scales. The Validity of the questionnaire has been determined through a panel of experts; Reliability of the Questionnaire was developed by pilot study. The data were analyzed by using (SPSS ver. 24) through the application of descriptive statistics.

RESULTS: Results: The results of the study show that the overall nurse’s knowledge concerning coronary artery disease majority of the sample have low knowledge with percentage 70%.

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The study concluding that most gender of the sample is male and most members of the sample have low knowledge of coronary artery disease CAD. The study recommends creating an educational program for newly appointed nurses to increase their knowledge, emphasis on the center for continuing education by conducting continuous courses on coronary artery disease, migrating certificates to a higher certificate through the distinguished channel and increasing their academic achievement.

PMID:35633360 | DOI:10.36740/WLek202204119

Wiad Lek. 2022;75(4 pt 1):842-847. doi: 10.36740/WLek202204117.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of thyroid status (thyroid hormone, total and free fractions of triiodothyronine and thyroxine, reversible triiodothyronine, antibodies to thyroperoxidase) of preschool children with acute bronchitis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: We examined 135 preschool children (from 3 to 6 years old) with acute bronchitis (main group) and 28 apparently healthy subjects who were in the control group. It used clinical-anamnestic, laboratory and instrumental research methods. Evaluation of the course of acute bronchitis was carried out in the acute period of the disease. All results were statistically processed using the SPSS 26 package.

RESULTS: Results: In 33 % of patients with acute bronchitis there are subclinical abnormalities of thyroid hormones, which manifest themselves in the form of euthyroid sick syndrome. Namely, we found an increased concentration of reversible triiodothyronine in the serum, as well as a decrease in total triiodothyronine and its free fraction.

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: In patients with acute bronchitis in almost every third case there are functional shifts in hormonal status, which are manifested in the form of the first variant of the euthyroid sick syndrome.

PMID:35633358 | DOI:10.36740/WLek202204117

Wiad Lek. 2022;75(4 pt 1):765-769. doi: 10.36740/WLek202204103.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The goal of this study was to detect if KRAS gene and levels of had any clinical significance in the ovarian cancer by measuring levels of KRAS mRNA.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The investigation was conducted on 84 tissue samples from newly diagnosed patients with ovarian cancer. Twenty-eight tissue sections with benign ovarian tumors were used as a control group. The qRT- PCR technique was used for measuring and analyzing levels of KRAS mRNA.

RESULTS: Results: Relative increasing of KRAS mRNA level in cancer samples was statistically significant (P<0.01) when compared to benign tumors. Statistically no significant differences were found between KRAS mRNA levels and menopausal status or family history. Gene expression has been substantially connected with age groups as the highest levels of KRAS mRNA was recorded in patients with age 50-74 years (P<0.01). Endometrium tumors exhibited significant correlations (P<0.01) across histopathological tumor types. In correlation with tumor stages, stage I was substantially linked compared to stage I (P<0.01).

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: It was concluded that over expression of the KRAS gene is linked to early stages of ovarian cancer, which implying that mRNA levels could be used as a diagnostic and predictive factor for ovarian cancer. More research with larger groups of ovarian cancer specimens in both primary and advanced stages is needed.

PMID:35633344 | DOI:10.36740/WLek202204103

J Integr Neurosci. 2022 May 17;21(3):98. doi: 10.31083/j.jin2103098.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown that acute exercise has a small positive effect on cognitive performance. However, it is still unclear what type of exercise has a sustained impact on cognitive performance during post-exercise recovery. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate cognitive performance at the behavioral level, and their neural correlates after a 10-minute post-exercise recovery period with two different types of exercise intervention (high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) vs. Moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MCE)).

METHODS: A total of 29 healthy young adults (7 women) between the ages of 19 and 33 with fair to good cardiovascular fitness were submitted to two different exercise protocols and a recovery session. Cognitive function was assessed using a digital Trail-Making-Test (dTMT). Cortical activity in the prefrontal and the motor cortex using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was measured before, after acute exercise, and during recovery. The statistical analysis of fNIRS data was performed by comparing the slope and mean of the hemodynamic response.

RESULTS: High levels of hemodynamic responses were observed in the prefrontal and motor cortex on the brain during performing the dTMT while walking from pre- to post-exercise and decreased again in post-recovery, accompanied by improvement and maintenance of cognitive performance. Notably, a high hemodynamic response in the left motor area of the brain was maintained by HIIE in post-recovery compared with MCE.

CONCLUSIONS: The high cortical activation in the left motor area from post-exercise to recovery for the HIIE group may be due to the additional availability of neural resources for fine motor and postural control by high-intensity exercise-induced fatigue. Additionally, the improved cognitive performance may have effectively utilized the available neural resources in the frontal lobe, depending on the condition (sitting and walking) and the two types of exercise protocol (HIIE and MCE).

PMID:35633179 | DOI:10.31083/j.jin2103098