Tag: pubmed

Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2021 Jul;29(4):951-956. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2021-29-4-951-956.

ABSTRACT

The characteristics of development of vascular lines are important for development and improvement of of surgical treatment, decreasing risk of complications and development of personalized approach to treatment of patients. The purpose of the study is to reveal prevalence of different variants of development of common carotid artery bifurcation and to assess their significance for clinical medicine. The sample included 70 volunteers of average age 43.4 ± 10.7 years. The 3D reconstructions of MRI data 1.5 T Brivo 355 were evaluated. The observation data was grouped and processed using software Microsoft Excel 2007 and IBM SPSS Statistics 20. To summarize the data, 5 main variants of location of great vessels were identified. The most rare types of development and course of carotid arteries in bifurcation area were variants “II” and “III” (8.2% of all observations). The most common development options were “I” (51.4%) and “IV” (31.4%). The variants “I” and “IV” were determined relatively evenly.The variants “II” and “III” were found on the right in 60% and 66.7% correspondingly and “V” option was found on the left in 61.5%. The typical options of location of carotid arteries near the bifurcation (variants “I” and “IV”), 82.8% in total. The cases of ventral position of external carotid artery (variants “II” and “V”) were established in 12.9%. The variant III was found in 4.3% of all cases. The distribution of vascular development options depending on the gender of patients was investigated. The study did not reveal significantly pronounced deviations in distribution of variants of vascular development, taking into account the age factor. The mentioned data permits to judge with confidence about necessity of developing personalized treatment of diseases of carotid arteries, considering their anatomical features of development in bifurcation area.

PMID:34486864 | DOI:10.32687/0869-866X-2021-29-4-951-956

Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2021 Jul;29(4):865-870. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2021-29-4-865-870.

ABSTRACT

The article presents results of comparative analysis of morbidity and mortality of diseases of circulatory system in the Republic of Buryatia in 2003-2018. The population mortality depends on identification of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, diseases of circulatory system and subsequent coverage of population with medical care, including dispensary monitoring. The analysis was based on data from State statistical reporting forms and official data of the Territorial Board of the Federal State Statistics Service in the Republic of Buryatia, including the form № 12 “The information on number of diseases registered in patients residing in area of medical organization servicing activity”; the form № 025-12/s “The Out-Patient Registration Card”; the form № 25-2/y “The Statistical Coupon for Final (updated) Diagnosis Registration”. The study was carried out using statistical, analytical and comparative analysis methods. Currently, in the Republic of Buryatia, diseases of circular system occupying second place in the structure of total morbidity (15.7%) and primary disability of adult population (28.6%) are among leading cause of total population mortality (41.6%).

PMID:34486850 | DOI:10.32687/0869-866X-2021-29-4-865-870

Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2021 Jul;29(4):871-876. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2021-29-4-871-876.

ABSTRACT

In The Russian Federation, increasing of life expectancy and decreasing of mortality related to diseases of circulatory system are the priorities of state policy. The purpose of study was to develop approaches to the classification of cardiovascular diseases by severity degree within the framework of development of general health management model based on health care activities at the regional level. The article describes methodology of calculating indices of cardiovascular diseases severity based on statistical data of appealability for out-patient, in-patient and emergency medical care. The set of balancing coefficients reflecting input of rate of accessing for various types of medical care, as well as aggravating input of concomitant pathology, based on expert evaluation of cardiologists involved is presented. On the basis of analysis of distribution of severity index in standard region of the Russian Federation, the system of criteria was developed to classify cardiovascular diseases (according to ICD-10 sub-classes) on four degrees of severity. The approbation of the proposed method demonstrated adequacy of the results obtained to judging of experts (cardiologists). So, in standard region of the Russian Federation, in the class of diseases of circulatory system (I00-I99), 79.6% of all cases are of first degree of severity, 8.6% of cases are of second degree of severity, 3.8% of cases are of third degree, and 8% of cases are of fourth degree. The methodology is unified and can be applied to classify entire spectrum of diseases by degree of severity. Besides, the proposed methodological approaches are suitable to be applied in population health management at the municipal, regional and national levels in the Russian Federation.

PMID:34486851 | DOI:10.32687/0869-866X-2021-29-4-871-876

Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2021 Jul;29(4):831-836. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2021-29-4-831-836.

ABSTRACT

The article describes, on the basis of the results of content analysis of posts and comments in social networks, the actual situation with coronavirus infection including its overcoming, security maintaining, possibility of risks and threats occurrence and acceptance/refusal of vaccination as well. The desk research technique was applied to analyze documents and publications of the WHO, live data from national resource www.стопкоронавирус.рф, statistical information, results of sociological surveys of leading sociological companies.It is demonstrated that how the situation concerning coronavirus and vaccination issues in various Russian regions changed, including causes of different dispositions of residents. Three stable social groups were identified, provisionally designated as optimists, moderate and pessimists. The classification is based on differences in assessment of the epidemiological situation.

PMID:34486844 | DOI:10.32687/0869-866X-2021-29-4-831-836

Int J Clin Pract. 2021 Sep 6:e14801. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.14801. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM OF THE STUDY: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative disease characterized by autoimmune demyelination in the central nervous system. Yet, underlined genetics or environmental markers are still controversial. The impact of vitamin D and cholesterol on disease activity has been phrased by many studies, however, the data available for the Turkish population is very limited. Here, it is aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D-related polymorphisms (VDBP and VDR) and cholesterol-related variants of ApoE on Turkish MS patients.

MATERIALS & METHODS: Total DNAs were extracted from peripheral blood samples of fifty-one MS patients and fifty healthy volunteers. rs4588 and rs7041 polymorphisms of VDBP, rs2228570 of VDR, as well as ε2, ε3, and ε4 variants of ApoE, were investigated by RT-PCR. Biochemical parameters which thought to be associated with MS were also measured. Results were evaluated statistically.

RESULTS: Homozygous mutant genotype and G allele of rs2228570 in VDR, as well as heterozygous genotype of rs4588 in VDBP, were found statistically high in patients. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-C levels were found significantly high whereas HDL-C and vitamin D levels were low in patients. An association was found between rs4588 variation and high triglyceride levels. Similar correlations were found between ε2 genotype and low LDL-C level; ε3 genotype and higher LDL-C. Gender, triglyceride, HDL-C, and AA genotype in rs4588 had a significant effect on MS progression.

CONCLUSION: The variations of rs2228570 and rs4588, vitamin D deficiency, and biological parameters related to cholesterol metabolism may be associated with MS risk.

PMID:34486787 | DOI:10.1111/ijcp.14801

Se Pu. 2021 Sep;39(9):1006-1011. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2021.06022.

ABSTRACT

Currently, guanosine, adenosine, and uridine contents are specified as the quality criteria for related products in the quality standards for fermented Cordyceps powder preparations included in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. However, there are many other nucleosides in fermented Cordyceps powder, whose effect on the quality control has not yet been discussed. In this study, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (UPLC-UV) method was used for the quantitative analysis of 9 nucleosides (uracil, cytidine, guanidine, uridine, adenine, inosine, guanosine, thymidine, and adenosine) in 19 batches of fermented Cordyceps powder samples and products, and the corresponding fingerprints were established. In addition, a method for analyzing the index components was proposed based on statistics. By optimizing the sample extraction method, ultrasound-assisted extraction was selected to process 19 batches of samples. Chromatographic analysis was performed on an Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 column (150 mm×4.6 mm, 3.5 μm) using methanol and water as the mobile phases under gradient elution. The method was validated based on the calibration curves, accuracy, precision, repeatability, and recovery. The fingerprints of the 19 batches of samples were established, and 16 common peaks were obtained. Among them, nine nucleoside peaks were identified by standards, and their concentrations were determined by the external standard one-point method. Similarity evaluation of the fingerprints was conducted; the similarities of the 19 batches of samples were greater than 0.9. Then, chemical pattern recognition was performed. The same classification results were obtained by hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Thus, the samples could be segregated into five classes, and the fermented Cordyceps powders were classified as two types with different fermentation processes. Xinganbao capsules, Bailing capsules and Ningxinbao capsules were each separately classified into one class. This indicated that the chemical recognition pattern could effectively distinguish between the fermented Cordyceps powder and different products. PCA was used to calculate the weight value of each common peak for the first time, and the index components among the samples were selected according to the weight value. Finally, the selected index components were used to re-cluster the samples. The results were consistent with those obtained on the basis of the 16 common peaks, thus verifying the rationality of the index components. Therefore, uridine, guanosine, adenosine, adenine, and uracil are recommended for use as evaluation indicators for fermented Cordyceps powder and products, allowing for better distinction between the products on the market. In summary, the combination of liquid chromatographic fingerprints and chemical pattern recognition can provide a simple and reliable method for the analysis and quality control of fermented Cordyceps powder and products.

PMID:34486840 | DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1123.2021.06022

J Clin Apher. 2021 Sep 6. doi: 10.1002/jca.21936. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a blood purification treatment capable of removing large molecular weight substances from plasma. It is commonly used for the removal of circulating pathogenic immunoglobulins presumed to be the cause of many autoimmune diseases. TPE can be performed with a membrane-based system (mTPE) or a centrifugal-based system (cTPE). When plasma separation is performed with a membrane, filter clotting can lead to longer treatment time, higher cost and can negatively impact patient satisfaction. In this study, we examine the operational characteristics that might influence filter life.

DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASURES: We report on 24 patients, with a total of 135 mTPE treatments in a single tertiary care academic center using the NxStage machine. The study focuses on treatment specific parameters that may lead to procedure failure. The main parameters of interest were transmembrane pressure (TMP) and the filtration fraction as displayed on the machine (FFd) compared to the calculated filtration fraction (FFc). Primary outcome was to measure whether TMP, FFc, and FFd influenced filter survival. Secondary outcomes included factors that might have indirectly resulted in filter failure, including hematocrit (Hct), platelet count, heparin use, and intra-treatment calcium administration.

RESULTS: In this study, we demonstrated that machine displayed filtration fractions (FFd) were lower than FFc and this difference was significantly larger in TPE sessions that experienced a clotting event (7.58 vs 6.22, P = .031). TPE sessions that clotted had a higher mean TMP (57.48 mmHg vs 44.43 mmHg, P = .001) and clotting events tended to have a lower mean blood flow rate (175.83 mL/min vs 189.55 mL/min, P = .002). In TPE sessions that received prefilter calcium administration, a higher mean dose of calcium gluconate was found in the sessions that experienced clotting (3.27 g vs 2.70 g, P = .013). Patients who experienced at least one clotting event were noted to be heavier than those patients without any clotting events (91.52 kg vs 72.15 kg, P = .040). Prefilter heparin administration was not associated with a lower incidence of filter clotting. We did not find a statistically significant difference in clotting events based upon type of intravenous access, pretreatment hematocrit, or pretreatment platelet counts.

CONCLUSION: Among patients undergoing mTPE, machine FFd on the NxStage system are consistently lower than FFc. Treatments where there was a greater difference between displayed and FFc had a greater likelihood of filter clotting. Treatments with higher TMP were associated with failed treatments. Prefilter calcium administration during treatment was associated with increased filter clotting. Lower blood flow rates and higher patient weight were also associated with increased filter clotting. Prefilter heparin administration did not reduce the incidence of filter clotting.

PMID:34486748 | DOI:10.1002/jca.21936

Transpl Int. 2021 Sep 6. doi: 10.1111/tri.14034. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Opinion surveys on health issues are considered health promotion tools. However, no studies have confirmed this in deceased organ donation for transplantation. This study aimed to analyse the impact of completing an opinion questionnaire about deceased organ donation on the attitude towards organ donation among the adolescent population. This longitudinal study with repeated measurements of attitude towards deceased organ donation was conducted with an adolescent population. The measurement instrument was a validated questionnaire of the attitude towards organ donation (PCID-DTO-Ríos). The study process involved the application of the questionnaire at an initial time, one month later, and six months later. A total of 1,374 adolescents participated in this study. The favourable attitude towards donation was 43.1%, which fell to 41.4% at one month (p=0.145), and to 39.7% at six months (p=0.019). Changes in the attitude were observed in all groups, both one and six months after the questionnaire was completed. There was no objective relationship between the adolescent’s socio-family environment and the effect of completing the questionnaire on their attitude towards deceased organ donation. In conclusion, the opinion questionnaire was not useful for promoting organ donation and did not have a positive effect on adolescents’ attitudes towards organ donation in the medium or long term.

PMID:34486763 | DOI:10.1111/tri.14034

Int J Cancer. 2021 Sep 6. doi: 10.1002/ijc.33798. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

A biomarker that is useful for the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) and cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is indispensable. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of HPV DNA and mRNA in oral gargle samples and circulating tumor HPV16 DNA (ctHPV16DNA) in blood samples. Oral HPV DNA and mRNA were analyzed using commercially available HPV assays of the GENOSEARCH HPV31 and Aptima, respectively. ctHPV16DNA was analyzed using in-house droplet digital PCR. Seventy-four patients with OPC and eight patients with CUP were included. The sensitivity and specificity of oral HPV DNA, oral HPV mRNA, and ctHPV16DNA were 82% (95% confidence interval [CI], 66-92) and 100% (95% CI, 88-100), 85% (95% CI, 69-94) and 94% (95% CI, 73-100), and 93% (95% CI, 81-99) and 97% (95% CI, 84-100), respectively, for HPV16-related OPC, while those were 20% (95% CI, 1-72) and 100% (95% CI, 3-100), 0% (95% CI, 0-52) and 100% (95% CI, 3-100), and 100% (95% CI, 54-100) and 100% (95% CI, 16-100), respectively, for HPV16-related CUP. The sensitivity of ctHPV16DNA for HPV16-related OPC was higher than that of oral biomarkers, though the difference was not statistically significant. ctHPV16DNA remarkably correlated with the anatomic extent of disease, total metabolic tumor volume, and HPV16 copy number per tumor genome in patients with HPV16-related OPC/CUP, whereas oral biomarkers did not. In conclusion, ctHPV16DNA is a potentially promising biomarker for HPV16-related OPC, while further studies are required for HPV16-related CUP. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:34486724 | DOI:10.1002/ijc.33798

Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2021 Sep 6. doi: 10.1111/acps.13367. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders are both common and especially challenging during pregnancy. Considering possible risks of intrauterine drug exposure of the child, the role of psychopharmacological treatment is ambiguous and various negative obstetric outcomes were inconsistently associated with medication. Consequently, a critical examination of peri- and postnatal phenomena associated with intrauterine exposure to antidepressants based on serotonin-reuptake inhibition (SRI) and subsumed under the term “poor neonatal adaptation syndrome” (PNAS) is urgently called for.

METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted, revealing a total number of 33 relevant studies and 69 individual outcomes among 3025 screened studies. Seventeen outcomes allowed meta-analytic evaluation (random effects model). Measures for heterogeneity (I² ) and contour-enhanced funnel plots were generated.

RESULTS: Single studies showed increased risks for deficits in neurological functioning and autonomous adaptation in SRI exposed infants. Meta-analytical evaluation showed increased symptom occurrence or severity in exposed neonates for low APGAR scores, birth weight, size for gestational age, preterm delivery, neuromuscular and autonomous regulation, and higher rates of admission to specialized care. Mostly, increased risk after SRI exposure was supported by comparison to unexposed infants born to mothers diagnosed with depression.

CONCLUSION: Whereas statistically significant evidence for various effects of intrauterine exposure to SRI was found, the clinical relevance remains unresolved due to inherently low data quality in this research domain and insufficiently defined samples and outcomes. More systematic research under ethical considerations is required to improve multiprofessional counselling in the many women dealing with MDD during pregnancy and the peripartum.

PMID:34486740 | DOI:10.1111/acps.13367