Tag: pubmed

Am J Lifestyle Med. 2025 Jun 16:15598276251337409. doi: 10.1177/15598276251337409. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Lifestyle Medicine Interest Groups (LMIG) have grown substantially since 2008, with 165 LMIGs established across the U.S. as of June 2024. The American College of Lifestyle Medicine (ACLM) supports LMIG establishment within academic and health system settings, providing opportunities for students, faculty, and employees to learn about and practice lifestyle medicine (LM). A cross-sectional survey containing multiple-choice and free-text questions was administered continuously to established LMIGs between March 2020 and May 2023. Descriptive statistics were generated to note the number of unique institutions, median number of events, event attendance, and frequency of event types. Thematic analysis was conducted for all free-text sections of the survey. Data from 1,062 LMIG events across 127 unique institutions with a total of 29,689 attendees was analyzed. Each institution had a median of 5 events with a median of 16 attendees. Lectures, group physical activities, and board meetings were most common. Quantitative findings reveal substantial growth among LMIG events, expansion across geographic locations, and insights into funding sources. Nutrition and physical activity were most frequently highlighted, while social connection, sleep, and avoidance of risky substances were least represented. LMIGs are growing in number and size, empowering future health professionals through LM awareness.

PMID:40535906 | PMC:PMC12170554 | DOI:10.1177/15598276251337409

Heliyon. 2025 May 7;11(10):e43372. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e43372. eCollection 2025 May.

ABSTRACT

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10349.].

PMID:40535847 | PMC:PMC12169224 | DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e43372

Clin Med Insights Oncol. 2025 Jun 16;19:11795549251347339. doi: 10.1177/11795549251347339. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The incidence of testicular tumors during the COVID-19 pandemic has raised questions about the potential impact of viral infection on tumor development. This study aimed to explore the relationship between COVID-19 and testicular tumors through a retrospective analysis of 32 cases diagnosed before and during the pandemic.

METHODS: A total of 32 testicular tumors were analyzed, with distribution based on the year of diagnosis. Immunohistochemical studies were conducted to assess SARS-CoV-2 and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression in tumor cells.

RESULTS: The highest frequency of tumor diagnoses was observed in 2021 (19.4%), with a notable increase in diagnoses in 2022 compared with pre-pandemic years. No significant correlation was found between COVID-19 infection and tumor types (P = .476). The distribution of seminoma and mixed germ cell tumors (MGCT) was similar in both periods. Strong SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity was found in 11 cases, with expression primarily in Leydig cells and some in Sertoli and plasma cells. The difference in SARS-CoV-2 expression between periods was statistically significant (P = 0013). The ACE2 expression was observed in all tumor groups, but statistical analysis was not significant.

CONCLUSION: The presence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein in the tumor microenvironment, particularly during the pandemic, suggests an indirect role of the virus in the development of testicular tumors. Although SARS-CoV-2 does not exhibit direct oncogenic effects, its presence could influence tumorigenesis through mechanisms like inflammation and oxidative stress. The ACE2 expression further supports the hypothesis that the virus may trigger adaptive changes in tumor cells. The SARS-CoV-2 could act as a co-factor in tumor progression, especially in individuals predisposed to testicular tumors.

PMID:40535841 | PMC:PMC12174795 | DOI:10.1177/11795549251347339

J Orthop. 2025 Jun 3;69:162-171. doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2025.06.002. eCollection 2025 Nov.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Restoring the sagittal balance of the spine has gained significant importance. Still there is little data objectifying the influence of a monosegmental fusion or the implants used.This is a comparative study that directly contrasts PLIF and TLIF regarding their impact on sagittal balance. In this study 53 patients who received a monosegmental lumbar fusion were followed up.

METHODS: 53 patients (37 women, 16 men, average age 57.4 years) who received a monosegmental spondylodesis were followed up with an average time of 15.1 months.To objectify the potential postoperative changes radiographs were made to measure the index segments lordosis as well as the lumbar lordosis overall. A further subdivision was made according to the operated functional spinal segment treated and cage used.

RESULTS: Overall no significant changes in total or segmental lordosis were found. Statistically significant changes were measurable on immediately postoperative radiographs and declined in time, while lumbar lordosis decreased, segmental lordosis increased. Segmental lordosis was consistent. Comparing patients operated in PLIF and TLIF technique the overall lordosis showed the same patterns. Segmental lordosis was increased postoperatively (p = 0.0162). Followed by a significant loss (p = 0.0405). The TM 500 PLIF Cage showed a significantly improved lumbar lordosis over the course compared with postoperative values, but not in comparison to the preoperative values.

CONCLUSION: We were unable to find significant difference of the sagittal profile after a monosegmental instrumentation and fusion in the lumbar spine. However, the PLIF procedure seems to be superior with regards of lordosis restoration. The L4/5 segment also seems to have a greater potential for correction the L5/S1 segment in the long term.

PMID:40535833 | PMC:PMC12172983 | DOI:10.1016/j.jor.2025.06.002

Langmuir. 2025 Jun 18. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01235. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This current research implements statistical physics principles to microscopically elucidate and interpret the retention mechanism of Captopril onto the activated carbon derived from Butia catarinensis (ABc-600) for water decontamination. The empirical points were modeled exploiting four different statistical isotherm frameworks: the single-energy monolayer, dual-energy monolayer, trienergetic monolayer and dual-energy bilayer. Supported by an error quantification approach (R², Reduced Chi-Square, RSS and R_adj²) the single-energy monolayer was identified as the most rigorous scenario. Stereographic analysis revealed that the adsorption sites consistently capture a fraction of the adsorbed species with n < 1 across all tested temperatures indicating a multianchorage mechanism without aggregation. The decrease in the monolayer adsorbed amount with incrementing temperature highlights the endothermic nature of the Captopril/ABc-600 retention mechanism. Moreover, the energetic assessment corroborates the predominance of physisorption (<40 kJ/mol) indicating that van der Waals forces primarily govern the docking operation. PSD examination revealed a predominantly macroporous structure (0.7 μm) with a discernible shift toward smaller pore radii at elevated temperatures. The AED curves consistently displayed physisorption within the 22-29 kJ/mol energy range across all temperature conditions.

PMID:40533879 | DOI:10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01235

Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2025 Jun 18;17(1):226. doi: 10.1186/s13098-025-01802-9.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Metabolic factors are considered to influence disease progression in patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), but the impact of individual metabolic factors on the survival rate of patients with MASLD is still unclear.

AIMS: This article aims to reveal how metabolic components affect the survival of patients with this disease.

METHODS: A total of 3,086 participants with MASLD based on the diagnostic criteria established at the Delphi conference from NHANES III were included in this analysis. COX regression model (C-index = 0.64) was used to analyze the all-cause and attributable mortality of different number of metabolic factors. Elastic Network Regression model (C-index = 0.69), Accelerated Failure Time model and Randomized Survival Forest model (C-index = 0.63) based on machine learning were used to analyze the weight of each metabolic factor, and a Metabolism-related survival risk score formula was established and verified.

RESULTS: This study found that not only the number of metabolic factors had different effects on all-cause survival in MASLD patients, but also the degree of impact of different metabolic factors on survival was quite different, among which poor glycemic control was the most important influencing factor.

CONCLUSION: This study highlights the clinical value of relevant metabolic factors in predicting survival in the MASLD patient population. Related metabolic factors can be used as surrogate biomarkers for the follow-up of MASLD patients.

PMID:40533869 | DOI:10.1186/s13098-025-01802-9

J Cannabis Res. 2025 Jun 18;7(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s42238-025-00297-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Medical cannabis (MC) is approved for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) in Pennsylvania, but little is known about how MC impacts illicit opioid use or the clinical and psychosocial factors including pain severity levels that can precede illicit opioid use. This observational study examined the extent to which changes in rates of illicit opioid use and in pain and psychosocial functioning were observed following the first three months of MC treatment.

METHODS: A referred sample of 47 adults taking buprenorphine/naloxone for OUD with a minimum pain severity rating of 5/10 enrolled from March 2022-April 2023. Participants were recruited from an outpatient MC physician recommender’s office and were offered a discounted MC 1:1 tetrahydrocannabinol:cannabidiol 5 mg:5 mg daily oral capsule. The primary study outcomes were pain severity, self-efficacy and interference, and the rates of illicit substance use as assessed via urine drug screening (UDS).

RESULTS: Participants (64% male, 49% Black, average age = 44 years) reported significant decreases in pain severity from baseline (M = 5.18, SD = 2.09) to Month 3 (M = 4.39, SD = 2.28), P < 0.01, Cohen’s d = 0.54, and pain interference from baseline (M = 5.21, SD = 2.79) to Month 3 (M = 4.32, SD = 2.86), P < 0.01, Cohen’s d = 0.47, and increases in pain-related self-efficacy from baseline (M = 6.55, SD = 3.57) to Month 3 (M = 8.05, SD = 3.30), P < 0.01, Cohen’s d = 0.44. Rates of opioid use (X²[1] = 4.00, P = 0.13) did not differ significantly from baseline (16%) to Month 3 (5%). Cravings for opioids were mildly higher at baseline (M = 2.15, SD = 2.88) than at 3-months (M = 1.78, SD = 2.95) but this difference was not statistically significant, P = 0.49, d = 0.1. Sleep quality scores improved significantly from baseline (M = 12.38, SD = 4.40) to Month 3 (M = 10.95, SD = 4.95), P < 0.05, d = 0.33. Quality of life significantly improved in seven of eight domains (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: MC treatment initiation was associated with reductions in pain severity and interference and improvements in quality of life and sleep quality, but not in illicit opioid use or cravings in adults with chronic pain receiving buprenorphine/naloxone for OUD.

PMID:40533856 | DOI:10.1186/s42238-025-00297-5

J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 Jun 18;44(1):205. doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-00944-w.

ABSTRACT

AIM: Depression is a prevalent mental health disorder in patients with cardiovascular disease worldwide. The purpose of this observational study was to determine the association between nutrients intake, food insecurity, and diet quality with depression in patients with coronary artery diseases (CAD).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 225 coronary artery patients. Nutrients intake, diet quality (by calculating Framingham Nutrition Risk Score (FNRS)), food insecurity and depression status of patients were obtained by using standard validated questionnaires. Relevant statistical analyses including logistic regression were used to analyze all data. P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS: The multivariate-adjusted regression model showed that a higher intake of total fat (P = 0.02, OR = 1.031) increases the odds of depression. However, a higher intake of PUFA and Vitamin B12 was associated with its lower odds. (P = 0.005, OR = 0.87 and P = 0.005, OR = 0.73, respectively). It also indicated food insecurity was associated with depression in CAD patients (P < 0.001, OR = 6.92). FNRS could not show any significant association.

CONCLUSION: This study indicated that the dietary intake of PUFA and vitamin B12 were negatively associated with depression, while the intake of total fat from diet was directly associated with depression and might be considered as a risk factor in CAD patients. Furthermore, food insecurity was strongly and positively associated with depression in these patients. However, diet quality based on FNRS was not associated with depression among patients with CAD.

PMID:40533855 | DOI:10.1186/s41043-025-00944-w

J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 Jun 18;44(1):206. doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-00976-2.

ABSTRACT

The rising prevalence of hypertension underscores the urgent need for effective management strategies. While niacin-based medications and supplements have shown promise in improving outcomes among patients with hypertension, the impact of dietary niacin intake on prognosis remains an area requiring further investigation. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2003 to 2016, this study examined the association between dietary niacin intake and mortality risk among 13,237 individuals with hypertension. During a median follow-up of 103 months, 3,151 participants (23.80%) died from all causes, and 864 (7.89%) died from cardiovascular diseases. In multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, dietary niacin intake was independently associated with a lower risk of both all-cause mortality (HR = 0.993, 95% CI: 0.986-1.000, p = 0.036) and cardiovascular mortality (HR = 0.984, 95% CI: 0.971-0.997, p = 0.017). Niacin intake was categorized into quartiles: Q1 (< 15.5 mg/day), Q2 (15.5-21.1 mg/day), Q3 (21.1-28.2 mg/day), and Q4 (> 28.2 mg/day). Cox regression analysis indicated that participants in the Q3 group had a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality compared to those in Q1 (HR = 0.788, 95% CI: 0.657-0.944, p = 0.010). Moreover, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis revealed a U-shaped association between dietary niacin intake and all-cause mortality (P for nonlinearity = 0.016). These findings highlight the potential benefits of dietary niacin in reducing mortality risk among hypertensive individuals and suggest that moderate increases in dietary niacin intake may represent a feasible strategy for reducing mortality risk in this population.

PMID:40533845 | DOI:10.1186/s41043-025-00976-2

J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 Jun 18;44(1):208. doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-00915-1.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Uterine cancer poses a growing global health threat, with rising incidence among women aged ≥ 50 years. This study aimed to evaluate its disease burden across regions and nations.

METHODS: Using Global Burden of Disease 2021 data, we analyzed the incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and trends via estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), decomposition, inequality analyses, and Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort modeling for 2022-2040 projections.

RESULTS: In 2021, global uterine cancer cases among women ≥ 50 years reached 414,754 (95% UI: 370,388-453,502), causing 90,509 deaths (95% UI: 78,633-101,441) and 2,189,261 DALYs (95% UI: 1,920,396-2,446,737). Age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) rose (EAPC = 0.56, 1990-2021), while mortality and DALYs declined. High-income North America had the highest ASIR (128/100,000), with the United States, China and Russia leading new cases. High Socio-demographic index (SDI) regions exhibited widening disparities, evidenced by a 21% increase in the slope index of inequality (SII) for incidence (47 in 1990 to 57 in 2021) and concentration indices (CI) rising from 0.33 (95% CI: 0.28, 0.37) in 1990 to 0.35 (95% CI: 0.29, 0.4) in 2021. Population growth drove 132.55% of DALY changes, outweighing epidemiological (-32.95%) and aging (0.4%) factors. Projections suggest declining ASIR, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and DALY rates by 2040, yet absolute cases will rise to 617,571 new cases, 131,961 deaths, and 2,851,768 DALYs.

CONCLUSIONS: Despite declining mortality and DALY rates, uterine cancer incidence continued to increase globally, driven by population growth. High-income regions faced disproportionate burdens, with persistent health inequities. Projected absolute case growth demands urgent prioritization of equity-oriented screening, prevention, and resource allocation. Governments must integrate targeted interventions with global aging policies to address this dual burden of epidemiological transition and health inequity.

PMID:40533844 | DOI:10.1186/s41043-025-00915-1