Tag: pubmed

Eur Radiol. 2026 Jun 27. doi: 10.1007/s00330-026-12711-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate clinical outcomes and temporal bone remodeling after venous sinus stenting for pulsatile tinnitus (PT), and to compare remodeling rates between isolated sigmoid sinus wall dehiscence (SSWD) and diverticulum-associated SSWD.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 70 consecutive patients who underwent venous sinus stenting for PT. Clinical success was defined as symptom improvement or complete resolution. The primary endpoints were short-term clinical success (at 3 months) and temporal bone remodeling on follow-up CT (n = 52). Long-term clinical success was evaluated as a secondary endpoint. Multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, dehiscence size, diverticulum presence, and preoperative Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score, was used to identify predictors of temporal bone remodeling.

RESULTS: Short-term clinical success was achieved in 65/70 patients (92.9%). Remodeling occurred in 38/52 patients (73.1%) with follow‑up CT. Remodeling rates were significantly higher in patients with a diverticulum versus isolated SSWD (85.7% (30/35) vs 47.1% (8/17); adjusted OR, 8.08; 95% CI: 1.31-49.73; p = 0.024). Older age independently predicted temporal bone remodeling (adjusted OR per year, 1.14; 95% CI: 1.03-1.26; p = 0.012). Long-term clinical success was observed in 97.4% (37/38) of remodeled patients and 85.7% (12/14) of non-remodeled patients (p = 0.15).

CONCLUSION: Venous sinus stenting for PT results in a high rate of clinical success. The presence of a diverticulum strongly predicts subsequent temporal bone remodeling, whereas SSWD appears less likely to remodel, highlighting potential pathophysiological differences between these anatomical subtypes.

KEY POINTS: Question Venous sinus stenting for pulsatile tinnitus results in high clinical success, but temporal bone remodeling differs by anatomical subtype. Findings Patients with a sigmoid sinus diverticulum demonstrate significantly higher rates of postoperative bone remodeling compared to those with isolated dehiscence. Clinical relevance Identifying the specific anatomical anomaly may help to predict temporal bone remodeling and facilitate individualized patient counseling regarding long-term structural outcomes.

PMID:42363966 | DOI:10.1007/s00330-026-12711-4

Eur Radiol. 2026 Jun 27. doi: 10.1007/s00330-026-12710-5. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To determine if functional information from gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI is useful in assessing prognosis in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective case-controlled study, 73 patients with PSC and gadoxetate-enhanced MRI were enrolled. Four radiologists independently assessed qualitative and quantitative MRI features. The value of these features in predicting adverse events (liver-related death, hepatic decompensation from grade III/IV hepatic encephalopathy, variceal bleeding, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis as well as need for liver transplantation) within 2 years of MRI were compared with recognized radiological scores as well as clinical scoring systems (Mayo Risk Score, Amsterdam-Oxford model and UK PSC score), using multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 42 males and 31 females, with a mean age of 41.9 years. In the 2-year period after MRI, 26 patients had adverse events, 8 had liver transplantation, and 6 died. On multivariate analysis, only Mayo Risk Score (p = 0.001) and relative enhancement of proximal extrahepatic bile ducts (REPD) (p = 0.035) were significant in predicting adverse outcomes. REPD of < 4.64 had 70% sensitivity and 63% specificity in such an event. The only variable that significantly predicted liver transplantation was ANALI non-gadolinium score (p = 0.0003). ANALI score of > 3 had a sensitivity of 87.5% and specificity of 74.2% for predicting the need for liver transplantation.

CONCLUSIONS: Relative enhancement ratio of extrahepatic bile ducts at 20 min after gadoxetate disodium provides useful information in predicting adverse events in PSC patients and is complementary or superior to the currently used clinical scoring systems.

KEY POINTS: Question Can functional hepatic and biliary parameters, obtained from gadoxetate-enhanced MRI, be useful in predicting adverse events in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis? Findings The relative enhancement of proximal bile ducts (REPD) was useful in predicting adverse events and the need for liver transplantation within 2 years of MRI. Clinical relevance ANALI score predicts need for liver transplantation and may be included in MRI reports of patients with PSC. REPD is more difficult to measure on a routine clinical basis and may only be useful in drug trials.

PMID:42363965 | DOI:10.1007/s00330-026-12710-5

Eur Radiol. 2026 Jun 27. doi: 10.1007/s00330-026-12713-2. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Carotid plaque composition, including calcifications, lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC), and intraplaque haemorrhage (IPH), is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Its association with cardiovascular risk factors remains unclear, particularly in midlife and across ethnic groups. We examined the relation between cardiovascular risk factors and carotid plaque components using MRI.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted 3-T MRI of the carotid arteries in 356 Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, and Moroccan participants from the HELIUS study. Median follow-up time between the cardiovascular risk factor visit and MRI was 8.4 years. Multivariable logistic mixed regression models assessed associations between cardiovascular risk factors and plaque components RESULTS: At baseline, participants had a median age of 54.0 years [IQR: 48.0-59.0] with 42.1% women. Plaque calcifications, LRNC, and IPH were present in 62.6%, 21.3%, and 3.9% of participants, respectively. Hypertension was strongly associated with calcifications (OR 4.02, 95% CI: 1.59-10.12), while smoking was both related to the presence of calcifications (OR 4.94, 95% CI: 1.79-13.62) and LRNC (OR 2.88, 95% CI: 1.30-6.40). The significant associations between both history of CVD and diabetes with calcifications were attenuated after adjusting for other risk factors. No significant associations were found for IPH, likely due to its low prevalence. There were no differences in plaque component prevalence between South-Asian Surinamese and Dutch, while Moroccans had a lower prevalence of calcifications.

CONCLUSIONS: Unfavourable cardiovascular risk profiles in midlife were associated with an increased prevalence of carotid plaque components later in life, with ethnic differences in their prevalence.

KEY POINTS: Question There is limited understanding of how cardiovascular risk factors in midlife are associated with carotid plaque components across ethnicities, hampering targeted prevention of CVD. Findings Hypertension and smoking were strongly associated with carotid plaque calcifications; smoking was associated with LRNCs, while for IPH, no associations were found. Clinical relevance Unfavourable cardiovascular risk profiles in midlife increase the prevalence of carotid plaque components later in life, with ethnic differences in their prevalence, highlighting opportunities for personalised, targeted prevention strategies to reduce CVD.

PMID:42363964 | DOI:10.1007/s00330-026-12713-2

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2026 Jun 26:S0022-5223(26)01040-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2026.05.012. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:42363924 | DOI:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2026.05.012

Appl Neuropsychol Adult. 2026 Jun 27:1-11. doi: 10.1080/23279095.2026.2691093. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The present study aims to examine the language impairments observed across various stages of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) in Turkish-speaking individuals. The study involved 24 participants diagnosed with AD (12 women, 12 men; mean age = 82.00 ± 6.75) and a control group of 24 healthy adults (12 women, 12 men; mean age = 80.71 ± 8.61). All participants completed the Test Your Memory-Turkish (TYM-TR) and the Aphasia Language Assessment Test (ADD). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 24 software with descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, and the Mann-Whitney U test. Participants with AD scored lower on the TYM-TR and ADD than healthy participants. A strong positive correlation was observed between scores on the TYM-TR and ADD tests in both participant groups. The test scores decreased as AD stages progressed. This study provides a framework for SLTs to identify AD stages and tailor language interventions accordingly.

PMID:42363914 | DOI:10.1080/23279095.2026.2691093

Anesth Analg. 2026 Jun 25. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000008155. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disorder resulting in progressive muscle atrophy due to the degradation of motor neurons. There are limited data on anesthesia care for these patients, the incidence of anesthesia-related adverse events, and difficult intubations. The investigators aim to characterize patients with SMA who required anesthetics at a large quaternary pediatric hospital, describe the procedures being performed, report the incidence of severe anesthesia-related adverse events, and determine the incidence of difficult intubations. The investigators hypothesized that lumbar puncture for nusinersen administration would represent the most common procedure for which patients with SMA required anesthesia care.

METHODS: A retrospective chart review of anesthetics provided to SMA patients from June 1, 2012, to December 30, 2023. Data obtained included procedures performed, patient characteristics, perioperative care, anesthesia technique, and outcomes.

RESULTS: In total, 1804 procedures were performed for 175 patients with SMA. The majority of procedures (1423/1804, 78.9%) were for lumbar puncture for nusinersen administration; 234 of 1804 (13.0%) received general anesthesia with endotracheal tube placement; 22 of 1804 total cases (1.2%) or 22 of 234 (9.4%) of those with endotracheal tube placement met the definition of difficult intubation. There were no statistically significant associations between difficult intubation and SMA type, age, and presence of halo headframe (all P > .05). There were six severe anesthesia-related adverse events (0.33%). Of 1423 total procedures for lumbar punctures for nusinersen administration, 1254 of 1423 (88.1%) were performed with a natural airway (nasal canula, facemask, or home continuous positive airway pressure [CPAP] or biphasic positive airway pressure [BiPAP]) or pre-existing tracheostomy.

CONCLUSIONS: Lumbar puncture for nusinersen administration made up the vast majority of procedures for which patients with SMA presented for anesthesia care. The incidence of difficult intubation was 9.4%, and the incidence of anesthesia-related severe adverse events was 0.33%. These results indicate the need to focus research on the perioperative and airway-related risks for this evolving and medically complex population.

PMID:42363899 | DOI:10.1213/ANE.0000000000008155

J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 2026 Jun 27. doi: 10.1021/jasms.6c00010. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Drug-induced phospholipidosis is a common side effect of the pharmacological treatment. Although mostly reversible, it can lead to deleterious consequences, including inflammation and fibrosis. While it can be readily detected in tissue biopsies or cell cultures, biomarkers that can be measured noninvasively remain scarce. We used a panel of four compounds known to induce phospholipidosis to investigate three primary target tissues as potential new biomarkers. Using mass spectrometry imaging, followed by analysis with prediction models and feature-wise statistical analysis, we identified over 150 mass/charge features correlated with DIPL in general or in specific tissues, many of which yielded database hits in the LipidMaps DB in molecule classes linked to DIPL before. Our data set provides a foundation for annotating reliable biomarkers in blood and urine.

PMID:42363896 | DOI:10.1021/jasms.6c00010

J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs. 2026 Aug;39(3):e70062. doi: 10.1111/jcap.70062.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the effects of a cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)-based psychoeducation program (the Social Media Addiction Reduction Psychoeducation Program (SMARPP), on university students’ social media addiction and self-control.

METHOD: The study used pre-test, post-test, and follow-up method with university students. Ninety-five students took part. Data were collected using a general information form, the Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS), and the Short Self-Control Scale (SSCS). The data were analyzed using basic statistics such as number, percentage, average, and standard deviation, as well as independent sample t-tests and variance analysis.

RESULTS: The average age of the experimental group was 20.39 ± 1.81years, and that of the control group was 20.16 ± 2.09 years. In the experimental group, students’ SMAS total scores and subdimension scores (occupation, mood regulation, conflict, and repetition) decreased significantly. Their total SSCS scores went up significantly (p < 0.05). In the control group, there were no significant changes in the scores (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: The SMARPP effectively reduced university students’social media addiction and increased their self-control. In this regard, it is recommended that mental health nurses and psychological counselors working in schools apply the SMARPP.

PMID:42363867 | DOI:10.1111/jcap.70062

Future Oncol. 2026 Jun 27:1-9. doi: 10.1080/14796694.2026.2687697. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Given the underrepresentation of adults aged ≥75 years with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) in clinical trials, we compared first-line chemoimmunotherapy versus chemotherapy in this population.

METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled 88 patients aged ≥75 years with ES-SCLC treated with either chemotherapy alone (n = 42) or chemoimmunotherapy (n = 46). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and safety. Multivariable Cox regression and stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analyses were performed to reduce confounding.

RESULTS: Median OS and PFS were 14.3 (95% CI: 11.6-22.5) and 6.6 in the chemotherapy group and 16.9 (95% CI: 12.7-NA) and 7.6 months in the chemoimmunotherapy group, respectively (HR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.51-1.58, p = 0.71; HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.43-1.29, p = 0.30, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified smoking status as an independent predictor of OS (HR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.01-4.38, p = 0.048).

CONCLUSION: Among patients aged ≥75 years with ES-SCLC, chemoimmunotherapy was associated with numerically longer OS compared with chemotherapy alone, although this difference did not reach statistical significance.

PMID:42363803 | DOI:10.1080/14796694.2026.2687697

J Int Med Res. 2026 Jun;54(6):3000605261462010. doi: 10.1177/03000605261462010. Epub 2026 Jun 27.

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of small-incision, point-by-point debridement combined with double-cannula negative-pressure irrigation and drainage in the treatment of granulomatous mastitis.MethodsThis single-center, retrospective matched cohort study included 118 patients with granulomatous mastitis who were treated at the Third People’s Hospital of Mianyang between January 2022 and December 2024. Patients with comparable clinical characteristics were matched in a 1:1 ratio and assigned to either the treatment or control group, with 59 patients in each group. Patients in the treatment group underwent small-incision, point-by-point debridement of necrotic tissue combined with double-cannula continuous negative-pressure irrigation and drainage, whereas those in the control group underwent conventional incision and drainage combined with negative-pressure drainage. Postoperative drainage volume, time to drain removal, frequency of dressing changes, wound healing time, primary healing rate, recurrence rate, and breast shape score were compared between the two groups.ResultsCompared with the control group, the treatment group had a significantly lower postoperative drainage volume, fewer dressing changes, shorter time to drain removal, and shorter wound healing time. The recurrence rate was significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (χ² = 5.221, p < 0.05). The primary healing rate was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (χ² = 4.140, p < 0.05). In addition, breast shape scores were significantly higher in the treatment group. All between-group differences were statistically significant.ConclusionSmall-incision, point-by-point debridement combined with double-cannula negative-pressure irrigation and drainage may promote wound recovery, reduce recurrence, and better preserve breast appearance in selected patients with granulomatous mastitis requiring surgical treatment. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

PMID:42363797 | DOI:10.1177/03000605261462010