Tag: pubmed

Int J Cancer. 2021 Sep 14. doi: 10.1002/ijc.33803. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Several studies have investigated the association between net survival and social inequalities in people with cancer, highlighting a varying influence of deprivation depending on the type of cancer studied. However, few of these studies have accounted for the effect of social inequalities over the follow-up period, and/or according to the age of the patients. Thus, using recent and more relevant statistical models, we investigated the effect of social environment on net survival in women with breast or gynecological cancer in France. The data were derived from population-based cancer registries, and women diagnosed with breast or gynecological cancer between 2006 and 2009 were included. We used the European Deprivation Index (EDI), an aggregated index, to define the social environment of the women included. Multidimensional penalized splines were used to model excess mortality hazard. We observed a significant effect of the EDI on net survival in women with breast cancer throughout the follow-up period, and especially at 1.5 years of follow-up in women with cervical cancer. Regarding corpus uteri and ovarian cancer patients, the effect of deprivation on net survival was less pronounced. These results highlight the impact of social environment on net survival in women with breast or gynecological cancer in France thanks to a relevant statistical approach, and identify the follow-up periods during which the social environment may have a particular influence. These findings could help investigate targeted actions for each cancer type, particularly in the most deprived areas, at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:34520579 | DOI:10.1002/ijc.33803

J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Sep 14. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14450. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Ginseng is widely used in cosmetics and skin care. The progress of research on the effect of ginseng on the skin was explored through a summary and analysis of skin-related studies on ginseng conducted over in the past 20 years, and this exploration aimed to elucidate new research opportunities with regard to the development and application of ginseng treatments for the skin.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Keywords were used to retrieve human studies related to the use of ginseng to treat skin conditions from the Web of Science. Scientometric analyses were performed in R to analyze the studies on the human skin-related effects of ginseng conducted from 2000 to 2019.

RESULTS: The main active ingredient in ginseng is ginsenoside, and its effects on the skin are mostly anti-aging and whitening. Ginseng extract regulates the levels of matrix metalloproteinases in human fibroblast type I collagen to improve the elasticity and water content of skin. In addition, ginseng inhibits the transcription factors or signaling pathways involved in the formation of melanin, it exerts a whitening effect. The authors of the retrieved studies are mostly located in Asia, mainly South Korea and China. Wang Y, Kim JH, and Kim YJ are relatively influential scholars, these ginseng-related articles published in the Journal of Ginseng Research, Molecules and other journals are very important in this field.

CONCLUSION: This study shows the development of trends in research on ginseng as a raw cosmetic material used on the skin and thus enables researchers to rapidly understand the key information in the field of ginseng research, comprehend the research directions, and improve their research efficiency.

PMID:34520601 | DOI:10.1111/jocd.14450

Int J Cancer. 2021 Sep 14. doi: 10.1002/ijc.33808. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

A large proportion of heritability for prostate cancer risk remains unknown. Transcriptome-wide association study combined with validation comparing overall levels will help to identify candidate genes potentially playing a role in prostate cancer development. Using data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project, we built genetic models to predict normal prostate tissue gene expression using the statistical framework PrediXcan, a modified version of the unified test for molecular signatures, and Joint-Tissue Imputation. We applied these prediction models to the genetic data of 79,194 prostate cancer cases and 61,112 controls to investigate the associations of genetically determined gene expression with prostate cancer risk. Focusing on associated genes, we compared their expression in prostate tumor versus normal prostate tissue, compared methylation of CpG sites located at these loci in prostate tumor versus normal tissue, and assessed the correlations between the differentiated genes’ expression and the methylation of corresponding CpG sites, by analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. We identified 573 genes showing an association with prostate cancer risk at a false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.05, including 451 novel genes and 122 previously reported genes. Of the 573 genes, 152 showed differential expression in prostate tumor versus normal tissue samples. At loci of 57 genes, 151 CpG sites showed differential methylation in prostate tumor versus normal tissue samples. Of these, 20 CpG sites were correlated with expression of 11 corresponding genes. In this TWAS, we identified novel candidate susceptibility genes for prostate cancer risk, providing new insights into prostate cancer genetics and biology. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:34520569 | DOI:10.1002/ijc.33808

J Burn Care Res. 2021 Sep 14:irab163. doi: 10.1093/jbcr/irab163. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The goal of this study was to determine what effect obese body weight and a burn injury can have on the metabolism of glucose and lipids in rats. We used a 3*3 factorial model design to provide basic glucose and lipid metabolic data characterizing the interaction between different weight and burn injury groups. Two hundred Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were categorized into three weight groups (normal, overweight, obese) and then further divided into control, second degree, and third degree burn groups. Our model compared interactions between weight and burn injury factors according to the above groups. Blood glucose and lipid metabolism indicators were monitored on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after burn injury occurred, and burned skin and blood samples were collected for testing. Compared with the normal weight group, the overweight group’s fast blood glucose (FBG), fast insulin (FINS) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were higher (P<0.05), and FBG in the obese group was higher than the normal weight group (P<0.05).Burn injuries combined with obese body weight had an interactive effect on FBG, FINS and HOMA-IR after burn injury (P<0.05). Burn injury combined with obese body weight had an interaction on low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) on the 3rd day after burn injury (P<0.05). Burn injury combined with obese weight had no interaction on triglyceride (TRG), total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P>0.05).Rats in the overweight and obese weight groups were observed to develop an adaptation and tolerance to a higher metabolic rate after burn injuries occurred.

PMID:34520555 | DOI:10.1093/jbcr/irab163

Int J Cancer. 2021 Sep 14. doi: 10.1002/ijc.33802. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Elevated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load is common in lymphomas. However, it remains unclear whether the disparity in viral load and its prognostic value in lymphomas are correlated with EBER status. In this retrospective multicenter study, we collected the data of pretreatment whole blood EBV DNA (pre-EBV DNA) and EBER status and evaluated their disparity and prognostic values in lymphomas. A total of 454 lymphoma patients from December 2014 to August 2020 were retrospectively retrieved. Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Bonferroni’s adjustment were used to explore the disparity of EBV DNA and EBER status in lymphomas. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analysis and MaxStat analysis were used to determine optimal cut-off points of pre-EBV DNA load. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were established for the estimation of prognostic factors. The positive rate of EBV-DNA in NKTL patients was higher than that in DLBCL, FL, and HL patients, and the median positive pre-EBV copy number of NKTL was also higher than that of FL and DLBCL. EBV-DNA could clearly distinguish the prognosis of DLBCL, NKTL, HL and PTCL, and the integration of EBER status and EBV DNA could differentiate the prognosis of HL patients. Multivariable results revealed that pre-EBV DNA load had an effect on the prognosis of NKTL, FL and DLBCL. The status of pre-EBV DNA and EBER were disparate. Whole blood pre-EBV DNA predicted the prognosis of lymphomas, and the combination of EBV and EBER status could differentiate the prognosis of HL. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:34520566 | DOI:10.1002/ijc.33802

J Burn Care Res. 2021 Sep 14:irab164. doi: 10.1093/jbcr/irab164. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Nutritional assessment can early identify patients who are malnourished and at risk of malnutrition. To examine the effect of nutritional status on wound healing in elderly burn patients, we used the MNA-SF to measure the nutritional status of elderly patients. This study aimed to examine the role of MNA-SF in elderly burn patients through the correlation analysis of wound-healing indicators and MNA-SF score.

DESIGN: Prospective observational and cross-sectional study.

METHODS: This study used the MNA-SF to investigate the elderly burn patients at the department of burn. According to the score, the patients fell into three groups: good nutritional status (more than 12 points), malnutrition risk (8~11 points), and malnutrition (0~7 points). At the same time, we measured and compared the wound-healing indicators among the three groups of patients, and detected the correlation.

RESULTS: The statistical analysis found gender had a slight influence on the score of nutritional status. While age was negatively correlated with the MNA-SF score and nutrition-related indicators. There was a low positive linear correlation between the wound healing percent area change or wound healing rate of patients and the score of the MNA-SF.

CONCLUSION: This study finds malnutrition is common among hospitalized elderly burn patients. The application of the MNA-SF in elderly burn patients is efficient and accurate to identify malnutrition early and prevent further obstruction of the normal wound healing, which can provide reference points for early nutrition intervention programs.

PMID:34520547 | DOI:10.1093/jbcr/irab164

Oper Dent. 2021 Sep 14. doi: 10.2341/20-031-C. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This randomized, prospective, and split-mouth study aimed to evaluate flowable bulk-fill resin composites in class II restorations and to compare with a conventional layering technique after a 3-year follow-up.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: Fifty-three subjects received three class II restorations according to the restorative systems: conventional microhybrid resin composite (PA, Peak Universal + Amelogen Plus, Ultradent), flowable bulk-fill and nanoparticulate resin composites (ABF, Adper Single Bond 2 + Filtek Bulk Fill Flow + Filtek Z350XT, 3M Oral Care), and flowable bulk-fill and microhybrid resin composites (XST, XP Bond + SDR + TPH3, Dentsply). The clinical performance and interproximal contacts were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed using the equality test of two proportions, Logistic regression analysis, Friedman, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05).

RESULTS: Forty-seven patients were evaluated at 3 years. XST bulk-fill restorative system presented higher marginal discoloration than PA, and the opposite occurred for surface staining. All restorative systems resulted in decreased interproximal contacts, occurring early for XST.

CONCLUSIONS: Although the restorative system using incremental technique presented better performance for marginal discoloration, one of the restorative systems that used flowable bulk-fill resin composite (XST) showed the lowest surface staining. All restorative systems had decreased proximal contact over time.

PMID:34520538 | DOI:10.2341/20-031-C

J Burn Care Res. 2021 Sep 14:irab172. doi: 10.1093/jbcr/irab172. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Neurodevelopmental symptoms (NS) including attention and behavioral problems, developmental delays, intellectual disabilities and learning problems are prevalent in children with burn injuries. The presence of NS may predispose children to poorer burn injury recovery outcomes compared to children without these symptoms (non-NS). The Multi-Center Benchmarking Study (MCBS) monitored recovery outcomes in children with burn injuries in real time utilizing the Burn Outcomes Questionnaire (BOQ). The objective of this study was to retrospectively assess the long term burn recovery outcomes in NS patients versus non-NS patients from the MCBS population. This study assessed parent-reported BOQ outcomes in a sample of 563 patients aged 5 to 18 years who were admitted for burn injuries to a pediatric burn center. A subsample of patients had reported NS (n=181). Analyses compared BOQ outcomes within the NS subsample and the non-NS subsample (n=382) across three longitudinal points post-discharge. The prevalence rate of NS was 32.1% in the full sample. Findings revealed statistically significant improvement in the recovery curves in all five BOQ subscales for the non-NS group and all subscales except for Compliance for the NS group across all longitudinal points. When compared to non-NS patients, NS patients had significantly poorer burn recovery outcomes on the Satisfaction and Compliance subscales. Although it is important to educate all clinicians, parents, and children on burn prevention efforts, targeted education is necessary for children with NS since they may be at greater risk for burn injury as well as worse recovery outcomes.

PMID:34520544 | DOI:10.1093/jbcr/irab172

Ir Med J. 2021 Aug 19;114(7):404.

ABSTRACT

Aims In this novel study in the Irish setting, we quantified the number items managed per General Practitioner (GP) consult, how each item is managed, and impact on a GP’s job satisfaction. Methods Participating GPs at two surgeries completed a questionnaire – integrated into the practice management software – after each consultation that satisfied the inclusion criteria during a four-week period. Results Due to feasibility constraints, 500 of 857 (58.3%) completed questionnaires were randomly selected for our sample. GPs manage an average of 1.76 items per consultation. Older patients presented with more items. Greater number of presenting items led to less being managed on the day 71% (n=5) for 5 items vs. 95.2% (n= 246) for 1 item, longer consultation duration (mean = 14.63 minutes (4-45) and decreased GP satisfaction, mean 8/10 (2-10). Conclusion Increasing the number of items in a GP consultation has a statistically significant effect on duration of consultation, how each item is managed, and even GP satisfaction.

PMID:34520522

J Burn Care Res. 2021 Sep 14:irab173. doi: 10.1093/jbcr/irab173. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Severe burns lead to decreased pulmonary function and impaired aerobic capacity for long periods post-injury. Low-level laser therapy is a modality utilized to improve aerobic capacity, enhance exercise performance and increase time until fatigue when utilized before aerobic exercises.

PURPOSE: This work aims to determine the impacts of pre-exercise low-level laser therapy on aerobic capacity in burn cases.

PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Sixty adults burned cases of both sexes, aged from 25 to 40 years, with second-degree healed thermal burns, and the total burned body surface area ranged from 20 to 40% participated in this study after complete wound healing. They were randomly categorized into two groups of equal numbers. The study group received low-level laser therapy before aerobic exercises, three sessions/week for 12 weeks, while the control group performed aerobic exercises three times weekly for 12 weeks. All cases received the routine physical treatment program. Aerobic capacity was assessed for both groups by measuring maximum oxygen consumption and time to exhaustion at baseline and twelve weeks following interventions.

FINDINGS: There was a statistically significant rise in the mean values of maximum oxygen usage and time to fatigue after 12 weeks of treatment in both groups. However, after comparison, the improvements in the study group were statistically significant than those in the control group with (p < 0.01), (p < 0.05) respectively.

CONCLUSION: Low-level laser therapy has a beneficial therapeutic impact on promoting aerobic capacity, improving maximum oxygen consumption, and increasing treadmill time in burned cases when preceding aerobic exercises.

PMID:34520536 | DOI:10.1093/jbcr/irab173