Tag: pubmed

Commun Biol. 2025 Aug 12;8(1):1207. doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-08581-z.

ABSTRACT

One of the most common objectives in the analysis of flow cytometry data is the identification and delineation of phenotypes, distinct populations of cells with shared characteristics in the measurement dimensions. We have developed an automated tool to comprehensively identify these cell populations by Exhaustive Projection Pursuit (EPP). The method evaluates all two-dimensional projections among the suitable data dimensions and creates an optimized sequence of statistically significant gating regions that identify all phenotypes supported by the data. We evaluate the results of EPP on four well characterized data sets from the literature. The C++ code for EPP can be called from any computing environment. We illustrate this with a MATLAB utility that integrates EPP with FlowJo. All source code is freely available.

PMID:40797028 | DOI:10.1038/s42003-025-08581-z

Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 12;15(1):29496. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15371-4.

ABSTRACT

Taraxacum officinale has been identified as a potential rare earth elements (REEs) accumulator, making it a promising bioindicator for urban environment. However, the influence of seasonal variation on the bioavailability, transport, and accumulation of REEs in plant tissues remains poorly understood. This knowledge gap is crucial, especially in the context of development of reliable bioindicators for urban pollution and managing urban ecosystems sustainably. The aim of this study was to evaluate seasonal changes in the content and distribution of Sc, Y and 14REEs in soils and dandelion roots and leaves from urban areas. Ten research sites typical for urbanised areas were designated and samples of soils and plants were collected in the spring and autumn season. The assessment of the level of studied elements combined with statistical analysis was performed. Variation in REEs accumulation in soil was found. Due to the lack of heavy industry in the city, the major source of REEs contamination in soils might be related to transportation and local agrotechnical and nutrition treatments. Our research on dandelion showed a decrease in REEs content in roots and leaves during autumn compared to spring. Slightly higher translocation efficiency was observed in autumn, possibly due to the plant’s age and tolerance mechanism.

PMID:40797018 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-15371-4

Dig Dis Sci. 2025 Aug 12. doi: 10.1007/s10620-025-09332-0. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory colon condition with multifactorial causation. Recent interest has grown around the role of diet in managing symptoms and disease progression. Due to the absence of definitive evidence, no consistent dietary guidelines exist for UC management.

AIMS: This research investigates the impact of anti-inflammatory diets on disease activity and inflammation in patients with UC.

METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched from inception until April 2025. Dichotomous outcomes were pooled as risk ratio (RR) and continuous outcomes as mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² and X² statistics. Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 and P<0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS: Six RCTs involving 359 patients aged 12-75 years, having mild-to-moderate active UC, quiescent UC or UC in clinical remission, were included. Anti-inflammatory diets did not significantly affect the clinical remission (RR = 1.59, 95% CI [0.77 to 3.28], P = 0.21, I² = 76%) or relapse rates (RR = 0.62, 95% CI [0.30 to 1.25], P = 0.18, I² = 0%) in quiescent UC. However, improved clinical response was observed (RR = 1.82, 95% CI [1.20 to 2.75], P = 0.004, I² = 0%) in active disease. Moreover, FCP levels were significantly reduced (MD = – 210.01, 95% CI [- 359.77 to – 60.25], P = 0.006, I² = 0%), particularly during remission.

CONCLUSION: Anti-inflammatory diet complements conventional therapy in UC by promoting clinical response in active disease and reducing intestinal inflammation during remission.

PMID:40797000 | DOI:10.1007/s10620-025-09332-0

Acta Neurol Belg. 2025 Aug 12. doi: 10.1007/s13760-025-02864-2. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by involuntary motor and vocal tics, typically manifesting in childhood. Pharmacological interventions play a crucial role in symptom management, yet the comparative efficacy of the most important agents remain underexplored.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of aripiprazole and valbenazine in the treatment of TS through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted up to March 30, 2025. Eligible RCTs included participants aged 6 to 65 years with a clinical diagnosis of TS, comparing aripiprazole or valbenazine to placebo. The primary outcomes were changes in the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale-Total Tic Score (YGTSS-TTS) and Clinical Global Impression of Tourette Syndrome (CGI-TS). Data were analyzed using random-effects models with assessment of heterogeneity.

RESULTS: Eight RCTs involving 626 participants were included. Aripiprazole significantly reduced tic severity (YGTSS-TTS: mean difference [MD] = – 5.96; 95% CI: -9.59 to – 2.33; p < 0.001) and improved global functioning (CGI-TS: MD = – 0.56; 95% CI: -1.10 to – 0.02; p < 0.001), with low heterogeneity. Valbenazine demonstrated a significant trend toward tic reduction (YGTSS-TTS: MD = – 1.93; 95% CI: -2.94 to -0.93; p < 0.001) and significantly improved CGI-TS scores (MD = – 0.36; 95% CI: -0.69 to – 0.02; p < 0.001), though the effects were less pronounced than with aripiprazole.

CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis indicates that aripiprazole is more effective than valbenazine in reducing tic severity and improving overall clinical outcomes in individuals with TS. While both agents demonstrated statistically significant benefits over placebo, aripiprazole yielded a greater magnitude of improvement with consistent results across studies. These findings support the continued use of aripiprazole as a first-line pharmacologic option, while highlighting valbenazine as a potential alternative in select cases. Further high-quality trials are warranted to clarify the role of valbenazine and optimize individualized treatment strategies for TS.

PMID:40796996 | DOI:10.1007/s13760-025-02864-2

Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2025 Aug 13;410(1):243. doi: 10.1007/s00423-025-03827-0.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is effective for weight loss but may exacerbate gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in predisposed patients. This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate whether adding cruroplasty to LSG (Cr-LSG) improves postoperative GERD symptom control in patients with intraoperative evidence of hiatal laxity.

METHODS: A total of 100 patients undergoing LSG were randomized to either standard LSG or LSG with posterior cruroplasty (Cr-LSG). Patients with large hiatal hernias were excluded. GERD symptoms were assessed using the validated GERD-Health Related Quality of Life (GERD-HRQL) questionnaire at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively. BMI changes were also recorded. Statistical analysis included mixed-design ANOVA for within- and between-group comparisons.

RESULTS: Of the 100 enrolled patients, 95 (95%) completed the 6-month follow-up (LSG: 47, Cr-LSG: 48). Both groups demonstrated significant BMI reductions over time, with no between-group differences. GERD symptoms improved significantly within both groups postoperatively. However, between-group comparisons showed significantly lower GERD-HRQL scores in the Cr-LSG group at both 3 and 6 months (p < 0.05), suggesting better symptom control. Postoperative PPI use was not systematically recorded and represents a limitation.

CONCLUSION: Adding cruroplasty to LSG may enhance short-term reflux symptom control in selected patients with intraoperative hiatal laxity. However, given the study’s reliance on subjective symptom reporting and limited follow-up, these findings should be interpreted with caution. Further studies using objective diagnostics and longer-term follow-up are warranted.

PMID:40796984 | DOI:10.1007/s00423-025-03827-0

Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 13;15(1):29620. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15094-6.

ABSTRACT

Dam failures pose catastrophic risks to human life and property, necessitating robust safety monitoring systems for risk mitigation. However, the specific contributions of distinct monitoring modalities to dam safety remain inadequately characterized, particularly regarding their differential impacts on structural integrity assessment. This study investigates the correlation between diverse monitoring modalities and dam structural safety through a comprehensive analysis of the Silin Hydropower Station dam. We analyzed 324 datasets collected from nine types of monitoring sensors installed across 36 dam cross-sections. Statistical analyses including one-way ANOVA, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) were employed to quantify the influence patterns of monitoring parameters. The safety impact levels of all 36 cross-sections were systematically ranked, establishing a prioritized reference framework to inform decision-making in dam safety management. Unlike conventional dam safety assessments that predominantly rely on subjective empirical judgments, this study introduces an objective methodology integrating principal component analysis (PCA) of heterogeneous monitoring data across multiple dam cross-sections. The analytical outcomes were systematically quantified, hierarchically ranked, and visualized through multidimensional mapping techniques. The results demonstrated that variations in fissure (X2), horizontal displacement (X3), tilt (X4), stress (X6), soil-displacement (X8), and denotes water-level (X9) exerted highly significant effects on dam safety (p < 0.001). The first two principal components cumulatively accounted for 74.1876% of the total variance, with eigenvalues reaching 6.6769. In the comprehensive evaluation, cross-section T4 (T4) obtained the maximum score (0.8500), while cross-section T35 (T35) showed the minimum score (0.0175). In conclusion, the analysis revealed that X9, X8, X2, X3, and X4 exerted significant impacts on dam safety, while cross-section T4 achieved the highest comprehensive evaluation score. This approach employs Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with integrated scoring to reduce multivariate dimensionality, enabling rapid identification of key monitoring sections critical to dam safety, and demonstrates broad applicability for dam safety monitoring.

PMID:40796943 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-15094-6

Commun Med (Lond). 2025 Aug 12;5(1):349. doi: 10.1038/s43856-025-01086-0.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Monitoring the number of COVID-19 patients in hospital beds was a critical component of Australia’s real-time surveillance strategy for the disease. From 2021 to 2023, we produced short-term forecasts of bed occupancy to support public health decision-making.

METHODS: We present a model for forecasting the number of ward and intensive care unit (ICU) beds occupied by COVID-19 cases. The model simulates the stochastic progression of COVID-19 patients through the hospital system and is fit to reported occupancy counts using an approximate Bayesian method. We do not directly model infection dynamics-instead, taking independently produced forecasts of case incidence as an input-enabling the independent development of our model from that of the underlying case forecast(s).

RESULTS: Here, we evaluate the performance of 21-day forecasts of ward and ICU occupancy across Australia’s eight states and territories produced across the period March and September 2022. We find forecasts are on average biased downwards immediately prior to epidemic peaks and biased upwards post-peak. Forecast performance is best in jurisdictions with the largest population sizes.

CONCLUSIONS: Our forecasts of COVID-19 hospital burden were reported weekly to national decision-making committees to support Australia’s public health response. Our modular approach for forecasting clinical burden is found to enable both the independent development of our model from that of the underlying case forecast(s) and the performance benefits of an ensemble case forecast to be leveraged by our occupancy forecasts.

PMID:40796938 | DOI:10.1038/s43856-025-01086-0

Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 12;15(1):29600. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-13924-1.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the modulation effects of Microcurrent Therapy (MT) and Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) on Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of Metalloproteinases (TIMPs) expressions during healing of surgical wounds using appendectomy wound as a model.

METHODS: Ninety patients who recently underwent appendectomy were randomly divided into 3 main groups of equal numbers. All cases in the three groups received ordinary medical therapy. Moreover, group A (MT group) received Microcurrent Therapy for 20 min. In addition to a designed physical therapy treatment protocol for 20 min. Group B (LLLT group) received Low-Level Laser Therapy for 20 min., plus the same designed physical therapy treatment protocol for 20 min. Group C (placebo group) received placebo shame LLLT for 20 min. plus the same designed physical therapy treatment protocol for 20 min. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western Blot Technique (WBT) were used to determine expression levels of MMP-8, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 at the beginning of treatment and after the end of twelve successive sessions.

RESULTS: Following therapies, results showed a statistically significant decrease in the MMP-8 and MMP-9 expressions with significantly increased expression levels of TIMP-1 in each group separately (P < 0.05). These changes in the expression levels towards proper healing of surgical wounds were more obvious in MT and LLLT groups compared to the placebo group, with significantly better effect in the LLLT group compared to the MT group .

CONCLUSION: Microcurrent therapy and low-level laser therapy have a notable impact in improving wound healing process as they can significantly affect the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases towards good prognosis of healing process and decreasing possible wound healing complication, with superior effect of low-level laser therapy.

PMID:40796926 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-13924-1

Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 12;15(1):29588. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-09668-7.

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the integration of electromagnetic (EM) radiation with quantum factorial networks to enhance Wi-Fi hotspot performance through a comprehensive experimental framework.A novel quantum factorial network architecture was developed, leveraging quantum superposition and entanglement principles to optimize wireless communication systems. The experimental methodology employed MATLAB/Simulink simulations with 100 network nodes operating at 2.4 GHz frequency, incorporating quantum enhancement coefficients and modified Maxwell equations for EM field propagation. Statistical analysis using ANOVA (F(2,297) = 156.7, p < 0.001, η² = 0.51) demonstrated significant performance improvements: throughput increased from 1.2 Gbps to 3.0 Gbps (150% enhancement), latency reduced from 25 to 5 ms (80% improvement), and coverage expanded from 30 to 45 m (50% increase). Cross-validation between theoretical models and simulation results achieved correlation coefficients exceeding 0.98 across all performance metrics. The quantum enhancement factor ξq = 2.5 was validated through quantum state tomography with 95% confidence intervals. Real-world applicability was demonstrated across smart city infrastructure, industrial IoT environments, and healthcare systems. These findings establish quantum factorial networks as a viable solution for next-generation wireless communication, though scalability challenges and hardware requirements for quantum-enhanced nodes remain critical considerations for practical deployment.

PMID:40796924 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-09668-7

J Cardiothorac Surg. 2025 Aug 12;20(1):334. doi: 10.1186/s13019-025-03578-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Sublobar resection (SLR), which includes wedge resection (WR) and segmental resection (SR), is often considered a compromised procedure for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who have limited pulmonary reserve or other conditions that cannot tolerate lobectomy. This study intends to evaluate and compare the results of WR and SR on overall survival (OS) in patients undergoing compromised SLR.

METHODS: Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was analyzed, identifing 2,047 patients with pathological stage (pStage) IB-IIIB NSCLC who underwent compromised SLR, including WR and SR. The two treatment groups’ potential baseline differences were balanced using propensity score matching (PSM). Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine the impact of procedures on OS before PSM. Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis calculated survival curves and compared OS across groups before and after PSM. Subgroup analysis investigated the influence of surgical procedures on OS within specific patient subgroups after PSM. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis focusing on patients with T1 and T2 stages was performed after PSM to validate the robustness of the results.

RESULTS: Overall, 421 patients (20.57%) underwent SR. In univariate analysis, SR was associated with improved OS as compared to WR (HR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.75-0.97; P = 0.02). Nevertheless, the association did not last in the multivariate analysis (HR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.82-1.07; P = 0.32). Following PSM, KM analysis also revealed no significant difference in OS (P = 0.21). A subgroup analysis revealed that SR provided a marginal improvement in OS for patients under the age of 60. However, this impact was only borderline statistically significant (HR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.23-1.03; P = 0.059), and no relevant link was observed in other groups. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis demonstrated no significant association between SR and OS (HR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.73-1.13; P = 0.39).

CONCLUSIONS: The benefit of SR over WR in compromised SLR for NSCLC patients may be limited. Further studies are necessary to clarify the optimal surgical approach for different patient subgroups.

PMID:40796892 | DOI:10.1186/s13019-025-03578-5