Tag: pubmed

Int J Clin Pract. 2021 Apr 30:e14300. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.14300. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current study was to investigate Erectile dysfunction (ED) in asthma patients without comorbidity and the relationship between the level of asthma control and ED.

METHODS: Forty male patients aged 24-50 years with controlled-to-uncontrolled asthma and 20 healthy volunteers were included in this study. The International Index of Erectile Function Questionnaire (IIEF) for ED was used.

RESULTS: Evaluation of the IIEF scores for ED showed that 23 (57.5%) of the asthma patients and 4 (20.0 %) of the controls had various degrees of ED, and the difference was statistically significant. In total, 25% of asthma patients had mild ED, 22.5 %moderate ED,and10% severe ED. Severe, moderate and mild ED was more frequent in the asthma group. Of the 23 patients who had various degrees of ED, 13 were in the uncontrolled asthma group. While all asthma patients with severe ED were in the uncontrolled asthma group,of the 9 asthma patients with moderate ED, 6 were in the uncontrolled asthma group, 2 were in the partially controlled asthma group and one was in the controlled asthma group. Additionally, of the 10 asthma patients with mild ED, 3 were in the uncontrolled asthma group, 2 were in the partially controlled asthma group and 5 were in the controlled asthma group.

CONCLUSION: The current study showed that ED is frequent and more severe in asthma patients than controls with same age. A highly negative correlation was found between ED degree and asthma control severity.

PMID:33930236 | DOI:10.1111/ijcp.14300

J Nurs Manag. 2021 Apr 30. doi: 10.1111/jonm.13354. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To determine the relationship of nursing work environment and innovation support with nurses’ innovative behaviors and innovation outputs.

BACKGROUND: According to the Social Exchange Theory, nursing work environment must be regulated to support innovation for nurses’ innovative behaviors which results in useful innovation outputs.

METHODS: The sample of the research determined using the convenience sampling method consisted of 618 nurses working in four hospitals in Istanbul. In statistical analysis of the data, descriptive analyses, correlation and linear regression analysis were used.

RESULTS: It was found a significant correlation between nursing work environment and innovation support with innovative behavior and innovation outputs. It was found that innovative behavior was the variable that had a significant impact on nurses’ innovation outputs and the model explained 40.1% of the variance of innovation outputs. The model created for innovative behavior was determined to have an explanatory variance of 19.4%.

CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals the necessity for developing nurses’ innovative behaviors to increase innovation outputs, and examines the relationship of nurses’ innovative behaviors with nursing work environment and innovation support.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Nurse managers should create a nursing work environment that supports and develops nurses’ innovative behaviors.

PMID:33930243 | DOI:10.1111/jonm.13354

Int J Clin Pract. 2021 Apr 30:e14292. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.14292. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The objective of the study was to evaluate the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and interleukin (IL)-6 in Chronic HBV-Infected patients.

METHODS: The present study was a single center, prospective, and randomized controlled trial. Twenty healthy volunteers and 30 HBeAg-negative patients with planned liver biopsy and treatment-naive diagnosed with Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) were included in the study. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were measured in the serum of CHB patient and control groups using an ELISA. Results were compared statistically using a Mann Whitney U-test.

RESULTS: The mean age of the CHB group (20 men, 10 women) and the control group (10 men, 10 women) was 33.3 ± 9.7 (17-55) and 26.1 ± 12.3 (16-57), respectively. When the two groups were compared with the Mann Whitney U-test, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were found to be significantly higher in the CHB group compared to the control group (p = 0.003, p < 0.0001, respectively.). Although IL-1β levels were not statistically significant, they were higher in the CHB group compared to the controls (p = 0.07).

CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study showed that serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 are increased in CHB patients.

PMID:33930244 | DOI:10.1111/ijcp.14292

J Neuroimaging. 2021 Apr 30. doi: 10.1111/jon.12864. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The first pass effect has been reported as a mechanical thrombectomy (MT) success metric in patients with large vessel occlusive stroke. We aimed to compare the clinical and neuroimagign outcomes of patients who had favorable recanalization (mTICI 2c or mTICI 3) achieved in one pass versus those requiring multiple passes.

METHODS: In this “real-world” multicenter study, patients with mTICI 2c or 3 recanalization were identified from three prospectively collected stroke databases from January 2016 to December 2019. Clinical outcomes were a favorable functional outcome at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale score 0-2), and the rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) any ICH, and 90-day mortality.

RESULTS: Favorable recanalization was achieved in 390/664 (59%) of consecutive patients who underwent MT (age 71.2 ± 13.2 years, 188 [48.2%] women). This was achieved after a single thrombectomy pass (n = 290) or multiple thrombectomy passes (n = 100). The rate of favorable clinical outcome was higher (41% vs. 28 %, p = .02) in the first pass group with a continued trend on multivariate analysis that did not reaching statistical significance (OR 1.68 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-2.95, p = .07). Similarly, the odds of any ICH were significantly lower (OR 0.56 CI 0.32-0.97, p = .03). A similar trend of favorable clinical outcomes was noticed on subgroup analysis of patients with M1 occlusion (OR 1.81 CI 1.01-3.61, p = .08).

CONCLUSION: The first-pass reperfusion was associated with a trend toward favorable clinical outcome and lower rates of ICH. These data suggest that the first-pass effect should be the mechanical thrombectomy procedure goal.

PMID:33930218 | DOI:10.1111/jon.12864

Int J Clin Pract. 2021 Apr 30:e14302. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.14302. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus associated with high morbidity and mortality. Major risk factors for DPN include metabolic changes, duration of diabetes, nerve ischaemia and derangements in regeneration and nerve repair programs. Chemokines have been previously implicated in the pathogenesis of various neuropathies and neuropathic pain processes. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the association between plasma levels of chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11) with the presence of DPN in a cohort of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 73 patients with T2D: 36 with DPN and 37 without DPN. DPN was established through the Semmes-Weinstein test (SW). Plasma levels of circulating chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 were determined using Duoset ELISA kits (Abingdon, UK).

RESULTS: We found that levels of CXCL10 were significantly higher in patients with DPN than among patients without DPN (57.6 ± 38.3 vs. 38.1 ± 33.4 pg/mL, respectively; p = 0.034). Serum levels of chemokine CXCL9 were also higher among patients with DPN but did not reach statistical significance (188.1 ± 72.7 and 150.4 ± 83.6 pg/mL, respectively, p = 0.06).

CONCLUSIONS: Increased circulating levels of CXCL10 were associated with DPN in T2D patients, suggesting a role of this chemokine in the DPN. Determination of CXCL10 levels could be used as a marker for early detection and implementation of therapeutic strategies in order to reverse and prevent the DPN.

PMID:33930221 | DOI:10.1111/ijcp.14302

Oral Dis. 2021 Apr 30. doi: 10.1111/odi.13895. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship between oral health status and thyroid dysfunction.

METHODS: A population based cross-sectional analysis using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES) was performed. We investigated the association between oral health-related parameters and the prevalence of thyroid diseases. In addition, the relationship between oral health status and thyroid function test (TFT) results was analyzed. One-way analysis of variances or chi-square test were used for comparisons between oral health-related parameters and presence of thyroid diseases. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations between participants characteristics including oral health-related parameters and the abnormal results of TFTs.

RESULTS: A total of 18,034 adults was surveyed. Histories of thyroid diseases were found to be more common in people who brushed their teeth frequently or used oral hygiene products. However, histories of periodontitis and community periodontal index (CPI) did not show significant associations with histories of thyroid diseases. Among 14,860 participants without history of thyroid disorders, people having higher CPI values demonstrated higher probabilities of abnormal TFTs (OR 1.381, 95% CI 1.241-1.537, P<.0001); however, statistical significance was not found after adjusting for the other variables.

CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that good oral health-related behavior was associated with more frequent thyroid disease history. High CPI showed a significant association with TFT abnormalities; however, the significance of this association became lower when other variables such as age and sex were adjusted. Further studies will be needed to determine how the control of oral health-related conditions actually have a causal relationship with thyroid disease/dysfunction through prospective cohort studies.

PMID:33930233 | DOI:10.1111/odi.13895

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2021 Apr 30. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13729. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness in preventing Caesarean section for failed induction by using Foley catheter for cervical ripening in comparison to Foley catheter with a weight attached to it.

METHODS: Randomized control trial conducted between November 2018 and July 2020 which looked at induction of labor with 30 ml Foley catheter in one arm and the Foley placed with a 500 ml weight attached to it in the other arm. Primary outcome was the Caesarean section rate.

RESULTS: We randomized 399 women. Modes of delivery were similar in both the groups. Those undergoing Caesarean section for failed induction was higher in the group which underwent induction with Foley with weight but it was not statistically significant (45.7% vs 26.5%, p= 0.1). There was a shorter time to expulsion of the Foley with weight attached (mean (SD): 2.6(3.3) hrs vs 10.9(3.2) hrs, p value < 0.001) but this did not translate into a difference in time to active labor or time to delivery.

CONCLUSION: Placing a weight at the end of the Foley catheter for induction of labor does not affect the time to delivery or the rate of caesarean deliveries though there is faster expulsion of the Foley.

PMID:33930187 | DOI:10.1002/ijgo.13729

J Med Virol. 2021 Apr 30. doi: 10.1002/jmv.27054. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Pooled testing is a potentially efficient alternative strategy for COVID-19 testing in congregate settings. We evaluated the utility and cost-savings of pooled testing based on imperfect test performance and potential dilution effect due to pooling, and created a practical calculator for online use.

METHODS: We developed a 2-stage pooled testing model accounting for dilution. The model was applied to hypothetical scenarios of 100 specimens collected during a one-week time-horizon cycle for varying levels of COVID-19 prevalence and test sensitivity and specificity, and to 338 skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) in Los Angeles County (Los Angeles) (data collected and analyzed in 2020).

RESULTS: Optimal pool sizes ranged from 1 to 12 in instances where there is a least one case in the batch of specimens. 40% of Los Angeles SNFs had more than one case triggering a response-testing strategy. The median number (minimum; maximum) of tests performed per facility were 56 (14; 356) for a pool size of 4, 64 (13; 429) for a pool size of 10, and 52 (11; 352) for an optimal pool size strategy among response-testing facilities. The median costs of tests in response-testing facilities were $8,250 ($1,100; $46,100), $6,000 ($1,340; $37,700), $6,820 ($1,260; $43,540) and $5,960 ($1,100; $37,380) when adopting individual testing, a pooled testing strategy using pool sizes of 4, 10, and optimal pool size, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Pooled testing is an efficient strategy for congregate settings with low prevalence of COVID-19. Dilution as a result of pooling can lead to erroneous false negative results. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:33930195 | DOI:10.1002/jmv.27054

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Apr 30. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17330. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Although adjuvant radiotherapy has been used for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, its outcome benefits, especially for patients with clear surgical margins, have not been statistically estimated, and the characteristics that can indicate patients who require adjuvant therapy need to be validated with more evidence. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of literature on the survival outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with cSCC treated by surgery with or without adjuvant radiotherapy. Twenty related studies involving 2,605 patients met our inclusion criteria. The significant survival outcomes of adjuvant radiotherapy included lower recurrence (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.85), longer disease-free survival (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.23 to 3.83), and longer overall survival (OR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.75 to 4.91). Significant prognostic factors for poor outcomes were perineural invasion (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.09), involved surgical margins (HR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.42 to 3.83), and immunosuppression (HR, 3.02; 95% CI, 2.14 to 4.25) while adjuvant radiotherapy significantly contributed to better overall survival (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.65). In conclusion, this systematic review suggests that in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma patients with risk factors, including metastasis to the parotid gland, perineural invasion, and immunosuppression, the use of adjuvant radiotherapy may be beneficial irrespective of surgical margin status.

PMID:33930213 | DOI:10.1111/jdv.17330

J Natl Cancer Inst. 2021 Apr 30:djab087. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djab087. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Pediatric patient-reported outcome (PRO) data can help inform the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) benefit-risk assessment of cancer therapeutics by quantifying symptom and functional outcomes from the patient’s perspective. This study assessed use of PROs in commercial pediatric oncology trials submitted to FDA for regulatory review. FDA databases were searched to identify pediatric oncology product applications approved between 1997 and 2020. Sponsor-submitted documents were reviewed to determine whether PRO data were collected, which instruments were used, and the quality of collected data (sample size, completion rates, and use of fit-for-purpose instruments). The role of PROs in each trial (endpoint hierarchy) was also recorded, along with whether any PRO endpoints were included in product labeling. Seventeen pediatric oncology applications were reviewed, 4 included PRO data: Denosumab, Tisagenlecleucel, Larotrectinib, and Selumetinib. In these 4 instances, PROs served as exploratory endpoints and were not incorporated in product labeling. Trials collecting PRO data were Phase II or Phase I/II single-arm studies with sample sizes of 28 to 88 patients. Symptomatic Adverse Events were characterized using clinician-reported Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) without additional patient self-report. PROs were infrequently utilized in pediatric cancer registration trials. When used, PRO data were limited by lack of a clear research objective and corresponding prospective statistical analysis plan. Contemporary PRO symptom libraries such as the National Cancer Institute’s Pediatric PRO-CTCAE may provide an opportunity to better evaluate the occurrence and impact of symptomatic Adverse Events, from the patient’s perspective, in pediatric oncology trials.

PMID:33930159 | DOI:10.1093/jnci/djab087