Tag: statistics

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;22(4):421-427. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V22n4.87535.

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVE: To determine the temporal and spatial behavior of leptospirosis in Mexico during the period 2013-2019.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was used the information deposited in the epidemiological bulletins of National System of Epidemiological Surveillance of Mexico. To determine spatial behavior, endemic channels and time series analyzes were constructed. The spatial statistical model Scan was used to determine the spatial behavior.

RESULTS: It was determined that leptospirosis cases in Mexico occur throughout the year, however endemic peaks were observed during the months of August, September and October. Regarding to spatial behavior, it was not statistically determined any aggrupation, nevertheless the States with the highest prevalence were Sinaloa with 146.7 cases per million of habitants and Tabasco with 142 cases per million of habitants.

DISCUSSION: Leptospirosis is a disease which is affected by habits and customs of the populations, as well as by climatological events, favoring the contact with the etiological agent, which coincides with that reported in other studies, in which it was determined that leptospirosis incidence increases during the rainy season, likewise, it was reported that this disease is related to recreational activities in tropical areas.

CONCLUSIONS: To date leptospirosis is an important emerging zoonotic disease in Mexico, the disease occurs more frequently during rainy season, being Sinaloa and Tabasco the most affected States by this disease.

PMID:36753241 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V22n4.87535

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;22(4):407-413. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V22n4.86460.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Estimate the integrity, in terms of completeness, of the mortality records in the vital statistics information system of the Orinoquia and its departments.

METHODOLOGY: A descriptive study was carried out, with a secondary source of information, from the records of non-fetal deaths reported in the vital statistics systems of each department, using methods of distribution of the mortality of Brass, Preston-Coale, Hill and Bennet-Hourichi to estimate the integrity of the records.

RESULTS: Completeness was found in the mortality records of women and men (≥95%) in Meta, and in the men of Orinoquia and Arauca (≥95%), in contrast to the records of the rest of the territorial units, where under-registration is presented.

CONCLUSIONS: Both demographic dynamics and migration influenced the results obtained from the integrity of the mortality records, therefore, also in the selection of the most appropriate method to estimate integrity; when the population is neither stable nor closed, methods based on two censuses with specific growth rates and migration adjustment should be applied; if there is no information on migration, the Hill method is recommended.

PMID:36753239 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V22n4.86460

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;22(5):544-551. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V22n5.75923.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the predictive factors associated with the teachers’ perception of their Quality of Life at Work at the public university.

METHOD: Descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional, quantitative study, conducted with 91 professors from different areas of a public university in southwest Goiás, Brazil. To estimate the predictive factors, Total Quality of Work Life -42 and a socio-demographic and labor characterization questionnaire were used. For statistical analysis, the STATA program was used.

RESULTS: The dimensions assessed in the Quality of Life at Work were considered satisfactory, with a better score in the psychological behavioral dimension. In the bivariate analysis of the potential factors associated with the General Quality of Life at Work, significance was found with the academic title (p=0,005), the work-related health problem (p<0,001), the leisure time reserve (p<0,001), satisfaction with physical, psychological and social condition (p<0,001) and age (p=0,024). In the regression analysis, length of service at the institution (p=-0.15; p=0.039), work-related health problems (p=-0.44; p<0.001) were decreasing predictors of good General Quality of Life, while satisfaction with their physical, mental and social condition (p=0.30; p<0.001) and having a PhD degree is shown as an increasing predictor (p=0.20; p=0.046).

CONCLUSION: Teachers have a satisfactory assessment of their Quality of Life at Work, however some predictive factors punctuate elements that interfere with QWL and health perception in their work environment.

PMID:36753224 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V22n5.75923

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;22(5):486-490. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V22n5.78180.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine if there are differences in factors favoring dysphonia in a group of preschool children with healthy voice and another with dysphonia.

METHOD: In this research a total of 96 children between 2 and 5 years old were evaluated, of which 17 had dysphonia and 79 had a healthy voice. The presence of factors favoring dysphonia was compared between both groups, by means of a questionnaire addressed to their parents or caregivers created and validated especially for this research. Statistical analysis was performed by independent samples analysis to extract the p value.

RESULTS: The results show a significant difference in the values of the questionnaire (p=0.000) between the two groups. The 91.6% of the questions behaved differently between the groups with and without dysphonia.

CONCLUSION: In this research, differences were found between the presence of factors favoring dysphonia in preschool children with and without dysphonia. The factors that have more differences are related to physical, environmental and psychological causes.

PMID:36753215 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V22n5.78180

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;21(5):534-540. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V21n5.76193.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the profile and survival in young adults with oral squamous cell carcinoma, attended at the High Complexity in Oncology of Feira de Santana, Brazil, between 2010 and 2016.

METHODS: Retrospective cohort, performed through the information of the medical records of all young patients attended in the referred center. Descriptive analysis of the variables, Fisher’s exact test, Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test were performed.

RESULTS: A total of 35 patients were registered. The majority were male, smokers and former alcoholics. Tumors were predominantly localized in the tongue, diagnosed at late stages, classified as well differentiated and treated mainly with surgery associated to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The median survival time was 31 months and 22.8% of the patients died. The variables that presented statistical significance in relation to the survival time were the tumor site and the type of treatment.

CONCLUSION: The profile and low survival time reflect the need for greater attention to the disease in this population.

PMID:36753205 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V21n5.76193

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;21(5):526-533. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V21n5.66374.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Identify the conditions of access to health services of persons deprived of their Liberty (PDL) in the Penitentiary and Prison La Paz in Itagüí, Antioquia in 2012.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a cross-sectional descriptive study based on primary information obtained from a survey applied to a sample of 126 inmates of this institution. Descriptive and inferential statistics techniques were used: means, proportions and tests of statistical significance.

RESULTS: The majority qualify adequate or very adequate continuity, opportunity and integrality of care. Everyone values how good or very good the treatment received. About one-third were denied or partially given the prescription drugs. 35.7% lost medical appointments due to administrative problems and most of them did not have sufficient information about their health rights. 66.7% said that their health deteriorated or remained the same after having been treated.

CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of this people access services and qualify medical care positively, but there are still barriers to access to medicines, problems with information about rights, and negative evaluations of the impact of medical care received.

PMID:36753204 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V21n5.66374

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;21(5):519-525. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V21n5.77775.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and the factors associated with the presence of multimorbidity in the elderly population of the municipality of Ibicuí – BA.

METHODS: This study was carried out with 310 elderly individuals, aged > 60 years old, of both sexes, living in the municipality of Ibicuí – BA. Sociodemographic information and personal information, living conditions, life habits, body mass, stature and presence of multimorbidity were collected. The descriptive analysis was used and multimorbidity prevalence ratios were estimated according to variables of interest. As a measure of statistical significance, the qui-quadrado de Pearson test was used, adopting p≤0.05. The multivariate analysis hierarchized by Poisson regression was employed after bivariate analysis to select the independent variables (p<0.20).

RESULTS: The general prevalence of multimorbidity was 80.3%. The hierarchical multi-varied analysis showed the variables of gender and monthly income (p<1.5) were significantly related to the problem. The results reveal also a high prevalence of multimorbidity in the studied population. Mainly women and the poorest suffer from it.

CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to redirect the planning of health actions in the municipality, with changes in the health care policy of the elderly, and especially in the social support networks that support these individuals, considering that in this locality the presence of multimorbidity was related to socio-economic grounds.

PMID:36753203 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V21n5.77775

Rev Bras Enferm. 2023 Feb 6;76(1):e20210645. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0645. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the effects of sexuality on depressive symptoms and quality of life in older adults.

METHODS: a cross-sectional and analytical study, developed with 596 older adults, who completed four instruments for data collection. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Structural Equation Modeling, with a 95% Confidence Interval.

RESULTS: among the sexuality dimensions, only physical and social adversities exerted statistically significant effects on depressive symptoms (SC=-0.095; p=0.003), but with low magnitude. Moreover, all sexuality dimensions had statistically significant effects on quality of life, being of low magnitude for sexual act (SC=0.171; p=0.010) and for physical and social adversities (SC=0.228; p<0.001), and moderate magnitude for affective relationships (SC=0.474; p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: effects of different magnitudes were observed between sexuality dimensions on participants’ depressive symptoms and quality of life.

PMID:36753192 | DOI:10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0645

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;21(3):376-380. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V21n3.72086.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the dental condition and the vertical dimension in patients with TMD, and the age and origin of the DTM.

METHODS: Was performed a descriptive study, observational, cross-sectional, with a sample of thirty patients with TMD, diagnosed by Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). This sample was determined based on estimates the service thus a sample of convenience. The association between gender, age, vertical dimension and dental condition with TMD were verified using the chi-square statistical test with 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS: It found that 26 patients were female and 4 males. Fifteen subjects presented aged below 36.5 years. How much the origin of the DTM, 19 subjects had articular disorder, and 11 muscle disorder. Has been determined that there was no statistically significant association between the independent variables with the DTM.

CONCLUSION: The etiological factors analyzed in isolation do not seem to influence in a unique way in the development of TMD, but may act together with other factors, because the cause is multifactorial.

PMID:36753184 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V21n3.72086

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;21(3):349-356. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V21n3.54862.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Given that violence is a public health problem of the first order in Mexico and Colombia, the main objective of this research was the trend, level and impact analysis of mortality due to violence [homicides, suicides, traffic accidents (TA) and other accidents (OA)] between 2000 and 2013, nationally by sex and age groups.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: Mortality vital statistics from official sources were used. The years of life lost (YLL) between 0 and 100 years of age and the contribution of deaths by violent causes to life expectancy at birth (e 0 ) change were calculated.

RESULTS: In Colombia an important decrease of mortality due to violence was observed since 2002 in all the selected causes of death and both sexes. In Mexico, there was not a meaningful increase of mortality due to all violent causes together; by causes of death, the observed decrease of mortality due to TA and OA was cancelled by the sustained increase of mortality by suicides and the increase of homicides since 2008. From 2011 to 2013, Mexico presented a higher number of YLL than Colombia due to violent causes of death that further illustrates the opposite trends in both countries.

CONCLUSIONS: Mortality due to violence can be prevented by implementing programs and strategies that take into account the ages where it has a biggest impact, from a gender perspective and with a multidisciplinary approach.

PMID:36753180 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V21n3.54862