Tag: statistics

Urogynecology (Phila). 2023 Mar 13. doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000001345. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

IMPORTANCE: In the past, urethral shape, mobility, and urodynamics have been used to retrospectively demonstrate correlations with stress urinary incontinence. Our previous work has shown a relationship between urethral function and shape in symptomatic women.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize the effect of pelvic floor squeeze and strain maneuvers on urethral shapes and pressure in a cohort of patients without pelvic floor disorders.

STUDY DESIGN: In this cross-sectional study, volunteers underwent dynamic pelvic floor ultrasound examination, and a modified urodynamic study. Urethral length, thickness, and proximal and distal swing angles were measured at rest, squeeze, and strain. The midsagittal urethral walls were traced so that a statistical shape model could be performed. Means and standard deviations of imaging and urodynamic measures were calculated.

RESULTS: Data from 19 participants were analyzed. On average during squeeze compared with rest, urethral length increased by 6%, thickness decreased by 42% (distal, P < 0.001), 10% (middle), and urethral pressure increased by 14%. Opposite shape changes-length decreased by 10% (P = 0.001), thickness increased by 57% (distal, P < 0.001), 20% (middle, P < 0.001)-and increased urethral mobility were observed during strain, with larger pressure increases occurring (29%, P < 0.001). Fifty-one percent of the total shape variance described the differences between maneuvers. These differences were statistically different between groups (P < 0.001 for comparisons, all others P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Dynamic ultrasound and urodynamics allow for the establishment of baseline ranges in urethral metrics (2-dimensional measures, shape, and pressure) and how they are altered during maneuvers. These data can allow for a more objective identification of incontinence via ultrasound and urodynamic testing.

PMID:36946905 | DOI:10.1097/SPV.0000000000001345

Arq Bras Cardiol. 2023 Mar;120(3):e20220471. doi: 10.36660/abc.20220471.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The influence of left atrial appendage volume (LAAV) on the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) following radiofrequency catheter ablation remains unclear.

OBJECTIVES: We performed a meta-analysis to assess whether LAAV is an independent predictor of AF recurrence following radiofrequency catheter ablation.

METHODS: The PubMed and the Cochrane Library databases were searched until March 2022 to identify publications evaluating LAAV in association with AF recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation. Seven studies that fulfilled the specified criteria of our analysis were found. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to evaluate the quality of the studies. The pooled effects were evaluated depending on standardized mean differences (SMDs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: A total of 1017 patients from 7 cohort studies with a mean follow-up 16.3 months were included in the meta-analysis. Data from 6 studies (943 subjects) comparing LAAV showed that the baseline LAAV was significantly higher in patients with AF recurrence compared to those without AF (SMD: -0.63; 95% CI: -0.89 to -0,37; all p values < 0.05; I2= 62.6%). Moreover, higher LAAV was independently associated with a significantly higher risk of AF recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation (HR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.18).

CONCLUSIONS: The meta-analysis showed that there is a significant correlation between LAAV and AF recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation, and the role of LAAV in AF patients should not be ignored in clinical practice.

PMID:36946857 | DOI:10.36660/abc.20220471

Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2023 Mar 20;32(1):e2022595. doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222023000100003. Print 2023.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the temporal trend of Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional – SISVAN) coverage and the nutritional status of older adults, and its correlation with indicators of social inequality in Brazil between 2008-2019.

METHODS: this was an ecological study using records from SISVAN, related to the population aged 60 years and older; the temporal trend of coverage and the correlation between indicators of social inequality and increment rate of nutritional status were analyzed; slope index of inequality and concentration index were used to measure absolute and relative inequalities.

RESULTS: 11,587,933 records were identified; national coverage increased from 0.1% (2008) to 2.9% (2019), with a statistically significant upward trend; a moderate inverse correlation with an annual increment rate of overweight between human development index and gross domestic product per capita, was found.

CONCLUSION: there was an increasing trend in SISVAN coverage; the increase in overweight was associated with social inequality.

PMID:36946834 | DOI:10.1590/S2237-96222023000100003

Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2023;32(1):e20211266. doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222023000100005.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the trend in hospitalization rates for mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use (ICD-10: F10.0), Brazil and its five regions, 2010-2020.

METHODS: this was an ecological time-series study using data from the Hospital Information System of the Brazilian National Health System; to calculate the trend in hospitalizations, we used the Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression model and the Stata Statistical Software 14.0; a decreasing trend was considered when p-value < 0.05, and the regression coefficient was negative.

RESULTS: in the period analyzed, there were 423,290 hospitalizations for mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use in the country; the data analyzed showed a decreasing trend in adult hospitalization rates for this cause in the country (p-value < 0.001; 95%CI -0.094;-0.079) and in all its regions, for both sexes (p-value < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: hospitalizations for mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use have reduced in Brazil and in its macro-regions.

PMID:36946829 | DOI:10.1590/S2237-96222023000100005

Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2023 Mar 20;21:eAO0172. doi: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2023AO0172. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To verify whether the presence of related nutritional risk indicators prior to COVID-19 diagnosis is associated with poor survival in patients with cancer.

METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of hospitalized cancer patients who tested positive for COVID-19 between March 2020 and February 2021. Nutritional risk was defined as the presence of one of the following characteristics: body mass index <20kg/m 2 , scored Patient-generated Subjective Global Assessment ≥9 points or classification B, albumin level <3.5g/dL, and C-reactive protein level ≥10mg/L, evaluated between 7 and 60 days prior to the date of patient inclusion. The endpoint measure was all-cause mortality within 30 days of COVID-19 diagnosis.

RESULTS: A total of 253 patients were included, most of whom were elderly (62.4%) and female (63.6%). Overall, 45.4% of the patients were at nutritional risk. Survival was significantly lower in patients at nutritional risk (8 days; interquartile range [IQR]: 3-29) than in patients not at nutritional risk (16 days; IQR: 6-30) (p<0.001). The presence of prior nutritional risk was associated with increased 30-day mortality (HR: 1.42; 95%CI: 1.03-1.94), regardless of age, gender, tumor site or stage, and other risk factors, and the model had good discrimination accuracy (concordance statistic: 0.744).

CONCLUSION: The presence of prior nutritional risk indicators is related to poor prognosis in patients with cancer and COVID-19, emphasizing the importance of nutritional care, notably during this pandemic.

PMID:36946825 | DOI:10.31744/einstein_journal/2023AO0172

Cad Saude Publica. 2023 Mar 13;39(2):e00132622. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XPT132622. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

Since the release of the third version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III), biological psychiatry has been systematically applying its classification reasoning to social phenomena of many natures. From this perspective, the discourse of trauma gained relevance and events of devastating magnitude began to receive neurobehavioral interpretations until finally being recognized less for their cultural and subjective effects than for the physiological changes they cause. By a narrative review, this study aims to analyze the transition of traumatic rationality from the 19th century, when trauma was associated with the cognitive concept of memory, to the 20th century, when this phenomenon was finally attached to neuroscientific research on stress. The plurality of conceptual models and deterministic paradigms can contribute to the fact that trauma research produces multifactorial coping protocols more appropriate to the human experience of post-traumatic suffering.

PMID:36946798 | DOI:10.1590/0102-311XPT132622

Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2023 Mar 22. doi: 10.1089/sur.2022.209. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common nosocomial infections suffered by surgical patients. They increase medical costs and prolong hospital stay. With respect to gastrointestinal surgery, SSIs are reported to have an incidence of up to 30%, and they frequently cause morbidity. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate whether use of triclosan-coated sutures for abdominal incision closure during colorectal surgery reduces the incidence of SSI. Patients and Methods: This was a double-blinded randomized controlled trial in a single academic surgical hospital. Patients who underwent laparoscopic or open colorectal surgery were included. Patients were pre-operatively randomly assigned to either the Vicryl^® Plus (VP) or Vicryl^® (Ethicon Inc., Somerville, NJ) group. The patients and medical staff were blinded. Results: The primary end point was overall SSI rate and SSI at 30 days. Over a six-year period, 811 patients who underwent colorectal surgery and provided informed consent were randomly assigned (VP group, 396 patients; Vicryl group, 415 patients). No differences in baseline demographics were observed between the groups. The overall incidence of SSI was 4.8% (39/811 patients). There were no statistically significant differences in mean length of post-operative hospital stay between the groups (VP group, 9.3 days; Vicryl group, 9.6 days; p = 0.587). Statistically significant differences in SSI rate after post-operative day 30 were observed between the groups (VP group, 1 patient [7.1%]; Vicryl group, 7 patients [28.0%]; p = 0.039). Conclusions: Although use of triclosan-coated sutures did not reduce incidence of SSI within 30 days post-operatively, it is associated with reduced SSI rate after post-operative day 30.

PMID:36946790 | DOI:10.1089/sur.2022.209

Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2023 Mar 13;57:e20220150. doi: 10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2022-0150en. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the Stork Network in health care for high-risk babies, pointing out its main challenges.

METHOD: questionnaires were applied with those responsible for the babies and with network health professionals. Data were analyzed quantitatively.

RESULTS: statistically relevant variables were: link with the Basic Health Unit; individuals’ awareness of Family Health Support Center team; awareness of Family Health teams regarding the diagnosis of high-risk pregnancy and compliance with prenatal care; means of communication of individuals’ birth; awareness of the need for hospitalization as well as its duration; awareness of follow-up in Secondary Health Care; and its outcome, pointing to a difficulty in the axis of coordination and longitudinality of the services provided in the network.

CONCLUSION: the greatest challenges lie in covering the territory by Family Health strategy teams, expanding teams and solidifying partnerships with Higher Education Institutions, guaranteeing a differentiated professional training.

PMID:36946250 | DOI:10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2022-0150en

Biofouling. 2023 Mar 22:1-11. doi: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2189012. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and physicochemical properties of a novel dual-cure endodontic sealer containing copaiba oil. The copaiba oil was obtained and characterized by gas chromatography (GC), and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was performed. The experimental sealers were formulated with copaiba oil concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, and 2%, and the RealSeal™ (Sybron endo, Orange, USA) and AH Plus (Dentsply De Trey Gmbh, Konstanz, Germany) were used as the commercial references. The antimicrobial activity of the sealers was evaluated by the direct contact test for 1h and 24h. To evaluate the physicochemical properties of the sealers, the degree of conversion, setting time, film thickness, dimensional stability, and radiopacity tests were performed. The data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Concerning the results, the sealers containing copaiba oil showed antimicrobial activity without harming the physicochemical properties.

PMID:36946247 | DOI:10.1080/08927014.2023.2189012

J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2023 Mar 22:1-14. doi: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2189478. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

SARS-CoV-2 enters the host cell through the ACE2 receptor and replicates its genome using an RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (RDRP). The functional RDRP is released from pro-protein pp1ab by the proteolytic activity of Main protease (Mpro) which is encoded within the viral genome. Due to its vital role in proteolysis of viral polyprotein chains, it has become an attractive potential drug target. We employed a hierarchical virtual screening approach to identify small synthetic protease inhibitors. Statistically optimized molecular shape and color-based features (various functional groups) from co-crystal ligands were used to screen different databases through various scoring schemes. Then, the electrostatic complementarity of screened compounds was matched with the most active molecule to further reduce the hit molecules’ size. Finally, five hundred eighty-seven molecules were docked in Mpro catalytic binding site, out of which 29 common best hits were selected based on Glide and FRED scores. Five best-fitting compounds in complex with Mpro were subjected to MD simulations to analyze their structural stability and binding affinities with Mpro using MM/GB(PB)SA models. Modeling results suggest that identified hits can act as the lead compounds for designing better active Mpro inhibitors to enhance the chemical space to combat COVID-19.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

PMID:36946192 | DOI:10.1080/07391102.2023.2189478