Tag: statistics

Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Jan 10;43(1):22-31. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20210509-00380.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of self-reported cancer in adults in China in 2015. Methods: The data used in this study were from China Chronic Disease and Risk Factors Surveillance in 2015. The frequency and proportion of the classified variables were analyzed by descriptive statistics, the disordered classified variables were compared by χ² test, and the possible risk factors of cancer patients were screened by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: In 2015, there were 1 809 self-reported tumors patients in China, including 689 males (0.63%), 1 120 females (1.03%), 769 (0.71%) in the eastern region, 465 (0.43%) in the central region and 575 (0.53%) in the western region. The patients were mainly distributed in people aged 45- and 55- years old, being overweight or obese, living in eastern urban area, having low education level, being married, having low annual household income and being occupational population. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that compared with the western region, the prevalence rate of cancer was higher in the eastern region (OR=1.05, 95%CI: 1.04-1.06), while lower in the central region (OR=0.94, 95%CI: 0.93-0.95); the risk for cancer in people with family history of malignancy was higher than that in people without family history of malignancy (OR=1.95, 95%CI:1.94-1.96) the risk for cancer in people with an annual household income of less than 10 000 yuan or between 10 000 and 50 000 yuan was higher than that in people with an annual household income of more than 50 000 yuan (<10 000 yuan: OR=1.59, 95%CI: 1.58-1.60; between 10 000 and 50 000 yuan: OR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.26-1.28); and the risk for cancer in people living urban areas was lower than that in people living in rural areas (OR=0.98, 95%CI: 0.97-0.99). In terms of personal behavior and diet, the risk for cancer in smokers was 1.25 times higher than that in non-smokers (OR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.24-1.26), and the risk for cancer in alcoholics was 1.16 times higher than that in non-alcoholics (OR=1.16, 95%CI: 1.15-1.17), the risk for cancer in people with insufficient vegetable and fruit intakes was 1.29 times and 1.03 times higher than those in people with sufficient intakes of vegetables and fruits, respectively (OR=1.29, 95%CI: 1.28-1.30;OR=1.03,95%CI: 1.02-1.04). People with low frequency of high-intensity exercise had a higher risk for cancer compared with those with high frequency of high-intensity exercise (OR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.31-1.33), the risk for cancer was higher in people with low frequency of moderate exercise than in people with high frequency of moderate exercise (OR=1.08, 95%CI: 1.07-1.09). The risk for cancer in people with sedentary time less than 2 hours was higher than that in those with sedentary time more than 2 hours (OR=1.69, 95%CI: 1.68-1.70), and the risk for cancer in people who ate moderate amount of red meat was lower than that in people who ate excessive amount of red meat (OR=0.86, 95%CI: 0.85-0.87). Conclusions: The number of female self-reported cancer was more than that in males, and the number of self-reported cancer in the eastern region was higher than that in the central and western regions. Living in eastern region, with family history of malignancy, having low annual household income, smoking, drinking, insufficient vegetable intake, insufficient fruit intake and low frequency of high-intensity exercise and low frequency of moderate intensity exercise were the main risk factors for cancer, while living in central region, living in urban area and low red meat intake were protective factors.

PMID:35130648 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20210509-00380

Zhongguo Gu Shang. 2022 Jan 25;35(1):54-8. doi: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2022.01.011.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of tibial coronal curvature on the alignment of tibial prosthesis in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

METHODS: From July 2019 to April 2021, 100 patients with knee osteoarthritis were treated with total knee arthroplasty. Before operation, the full-length films of lower limbs were taken and the tibial bowing angle(TBA) was measured. TBA more than 2° was tibial bending, which was divided into tibial bending group and non bending group. There were 40 cases in tibial bending group, 9 males and 31 females, aged 56 to 84 years old with an average of (69.22±7.10) years. There were 60 cases in the non bending group, 19 males and 41 females, aged from 51 to 87 years old with an average of (70.80±7.21) years. The preoperative tibial length (TL) and medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) were measured and compared between the two groups. The full-length X-rays of the lower limbs were taken again 3 days to 1 week after operation. The medial angle of the tibial component coronal aligement angle (TCCA) and the outilier rate of force line of the tibial prosthesis were measured and compared between the two groups. Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between TCCA and age, TCCA and height, TCCA and weight, TCCA and BMI, TCCA and TBA, TCCA and TL, TCCA and MPTA; Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between TCCA and gender, TCCA and Kellgren-Lawrence(K-L) grade.

RESULTS: All 100 patients successfully completed the operation and obtained satisfactory full-length X-rays in standing position. There was no significant difference in TL, MPTA and TCCA between bending group and non bending group(P>0.05). The outilier rate of force line in tibial bending group was 22.5%, and that in non bending group was 6.67%, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The correlation study found that TCCA was strongly correlated with TBA(r=-0.702, P<0.01), weakly correlated with MPTA(r=0.311, P<0.01), and had no correlation with other parameters(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: In patients with knee osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty, tibial bending will lead to poor force line of tibial prosthesis. During operation, attention should be paid to osteotomy of proximal tibial vertical tibial mechanical axis and correct installation of prosthesis to avoid poor alignment of prosthesis.

PMID:35130600 | DOI:10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2022.01.011

J Magn Reson Imaging. 2022 Feb 7. doi: 10.1002/jmri.28101. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a comorbidity of myocardial infarction (MI), which may promote the incidence of adverse cardiovascular clinical events. However, it is not yet completely understood how MR in MI patients is associated with impaired myocardial deformation.

PURPOSE: To determine the damaging myocardium effects of MR in MI patients in terms of the global peak strain (PS) and left ventricular (LV) function, and evaluate the independent risk factors impacting LV deformation after MI.

STUDY TYPE: Retrospective.

POPULATION: One hundred eighty-six MI patients (17.7% female) and 84 normal control subjects (27.4% female).

FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: 3.0T; late gadolinium enhancement sequence, balanced steady-state free precession.

ASSESSMENT: LV function and LV global PS (global radial peak strain [GRPS]; global circumferential peak strain [GCPS]; and global longitudinal peak strain [GLPS]) were compared among normal controls, MI without MR (MR-) and MI with MR (MR+, mild, moderate, severe) patients.

STATISTICAL TESTS: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and multiple linear regressions were used. A P value <0.05 indicated statistically significant difference (two-tailed).

RESULTS: The MI (MR+) patients showed significantly lower LV global PS than both MI (MR-) and control groups in three directions (GRPS 16.66 ± 7.43%; GCPS -11.27 ± 4.27%; GLPS -7.75 ± 3.44%), and significantly higher LV end-systolic (128.85 [87.91, 188.01] mL) and end-diastolic volumes (210.29 [164.07, 264.00] mL) and significantly lower LV ejection fraction (38.23 ± 13.02%). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that MR was independently associated with LV GCPS (β = -0.268) and GLPS (β = -0.320). LV infarct size was an independent indicator of LV GRPS (β = -0.215) and GCPS (β = -0.222). LV end-diastolic volume was an independent indicator of LV GRPS (β = -0.518), GCPS (β = -0.503), and GLPS (β = -0.331).

DATA CONCLUSION: MR may further exacerbate the reduction of LV global peak strains and function. The MR, infarct size, and LV end-diastolic volume can be used as independent association indicators for LV global PS in MI (MR+) patients.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Technical Efficacy Stage: 2 TOC Category: Chest.

PMID:35130580 | DOI:10.1002/jmri.28101

Zhongguo Gu Shang. 2022 Jan 25;35(1):33-7. doi: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2022.01.007.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Chinese massage on the rehabilitation of scoliosis patients undergoing 3D printing orthopedics.

METHODS: A retrospective selection of 262 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS) who underwent 3D printing technology orthopedics admitted to the Department of Orthopedics in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2019 were selected for clinical research. According to the rehabilitation treatment methods adopted by the patients after the operation, the patients were divided into control group and observation group, there were 131 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with traditional Chinese acupuncture and massage after operation, and the control group was treated with conventional rehabilitation. The torso rotation angle and the maximum Cobb angle before and after intervention were measured and compared between two groups, Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) was used for functional evaluation, and the visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to evaluate the changes in pain before and after rehabilitation intervention.

RESULTS: After the intervention, the trunk rotation angle and maximum Cobb angle of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group, the VAS score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, ODI in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: After scoliosis patients undergo preoperative 3D printing correction, the scientific and reasonable implementation of TCM acupuncture and massage can effectively improve the patient’s vertebral rotation angle, maximum Cobb angle, and improve the patient’s spinal function.

PMID:35130596 | DOI:10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2022.01.007

Ophthalmic Res. 2022 Feb 7. doi: 10.1159/000521301. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Though the risk of PTPN22, CTLA-4 genetic variants with uveitis have been developed, the combined results still remain uncertain and controversial.

OBJECTIVES: To perform a meta-analysis to estimate the precise association of PTPN22 (rs2488457, rs2476601) and CTLA-4 (rs231775, rs5742909, rs4553808, and rs3087243) polymorphisms with uveitis susceptibility.

METHOD: Five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI) were systematically searched for relevant literature up to July 20, 2021. All statistical analysis were evaluated by STATA 12.0 software and R programming language.

RESULTS: Our meta-results indicated that PTPN22 rs2488457 conferred positive susceptibility to uveitis (OR=1.18, 95%CI=1.02-1.38, p=0.029). In stratified analysis by ethnicity, rs2488457 C allele had a growing tendency towards uveitis in Asian region (OR=1.21, 95%CI=1.00-1.45, p=0.046). For CTLA-4 rs231775, subgroup analysis based on ethnicity manifested a negative association among uveitis individuals in Africa region (OR=0.25, 95%CI=0.19-0.33, p<0.001). For CTLA-4 rs4553808, subgroup analysis by disease type revealed that GG genotype was associated with an elevated risk of Behcet’s disease (OR=3.22, 95%CI=1.05-9.90, p=0.042).

CONCLUSIONS: Our research revealed that PTPN22 rs2488457 conferred strong susceptibility to uveitis in general, especially in Asian region. CTLA-4 rs231775 conveyed protection against uveitis in African populations and CTLA-4 rs4553808 displayed an increased risk of Behcet’s disease.

PMID:35130554 | DOI:10.1159/000521301

ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2022 Feb 7:1-9. doi: 10.1159/000521844. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: This prospective controlled study evaluated and compared health-related quality of life (HRQOL), after transoral robotic supraglottic laryngectomy (TORSGL) versus transcervical open supraglottic laryngectomy (TCOSGL) in patients with T1 and T2 supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma (SLC).

METHODS: The TORSGL group comprised 14 patients, and the TCOSGL group comprised 13 patients. All 27 patients completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer 30-item core quality-of-life questionnaire version 3.0 (EORTC QLQ-C30), the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer head-and-neck cancer-specific module (EORTC QLQ-H&amp;N35), before treatment and during the early and the late postoperative periods.

RESULTS: The present prospective study demonstrated the near-term postoperative HRQOL of patients with T1 or T2 SLC treated with TORSGL (Group A) or TCOSGL (Group B). On comparison of EORTC QLQ-C30 data for the two groups in the early postoperative period, all functional subscale scores and global health status scores were statistically significantly lower (all p < 0.05) in Group A than in Group B and in the late postoperative period, other than the cognitive function score (p = 0.450), all functional subscale scores and global health status scores were statistically significantly lower (all p < 0.05) in Group A than in Group B. On comparison of the EORTC QLQ-H&amp;N35 data for the two groups in the early postoperative period, except for the teeth problems scale score (p = 0.061), all symptom scale scores were statistically significantly lower in Group A than in Group B (all p < 0.05) and in the late postoperative period, the speech, social eating, social contact, and coughing scale scores were statistically significantly lower (p = 0,0215, p = 0.021, p = 0.01, p = 0.011, respectively) in Group A than in Group B. HRQOL parameters recovered in the late postoperative period in both groups; recovery was better in Group A.

DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: This study suggested that TORSGL may provide patients with a better HRQOL than those TCOSGL, especially in the early period, but also in the late period.

PMID:35130551 | DOI:10.1159/000521844

Dig Surg. 2022 Feb 7. doi: 10.1159/000522229. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The incidence and clinical significance of postoperative urinary retention remain high. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of postoperative urinary retention and related risk factors in patients who underwent total mesorectal excision for low rectal cancer.

METHODS: This study is a retrospective review of a prospectively collected colorectal database from a single center. Data from patients who underwent surgery for low rectal cancer between September 2006 and May 2017 were analyzed to assess the risk factors of postoperative urinary retention. Postoperative urinary retention was considered inability to void after urinary catheter removal requiring catheter reinsertion and difficulty in bladder emptying requiring intermittent catheterization.

RESULTS: Of 555 patients with low rectal cancer, 78 (14.1%) developed postoperative urinary retention. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis, laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (OR; 2.114, 95% CI; 1.212-3.689, p = 0.008) and postoperative ileus (OR; 2.389, 95% CI; 1.282-4.450, p = 0.006) were independent risk factors of postoperative urinary retention. Male gender, advanced age, neoadjuvant chemoradiation, longer operative time, abdominoperineal resection, and lateral pelvic lymph node dissection were not associated with postoperative urinary retention. Advanced age over 65 years also failed to show statistical significance (OR; 1.604, 95% CI; 0.965- 2.668, p = 0.068).

CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic approach and postoperative ileus are risk factors for postoperative urinary retention after low rectal cancer surgery. We postulate that the benefits of robotic surgical systems compared to a laparoscopic approach may reduce the incidence of postoperative urinary retention.

PMID:35130545 | DOI:10.1159/000522229

Dig Dis. 2022 Feb 7. doi: 10.1159/000522328. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic therapy with ERCP is considered the first line treatment in the management of post-cholecystectomy bile leak (PCBL). Currently there is no consensus on the most effective endoscopic intervention for PCBL. Hence, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness and safety of the two interventional groups (biliary sphincterotomy [BS] alone vs biliary stent ± BS) in management of PCBL.

METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases and conference proceedings (from inception through January 2021). The primary outcome was to compare the pooled rate of clinical success between the 2 groups. The secondary outcome was to estimate the pooled rate of adverse events.

RESULTS: The pooled rate of clinical success with BS alone (5 studies, 299 patients) was 88% (95% CI: 84%- 92%, I2: 0%) and for biliary stent ± BS (5 studies, 864 patients) was 97% (CI: 93%-100%, I2: 79%). The rate of clinical success in biliary stent ± BS group was significantly higher than BS alone group (OR: 3.91 95% CI: 2.29-6.69, p<0.001, I2: 13%). The rate of adverse events was numerically lower in biliary stent ± BS group compared to BS alone (3 studies; OR: 0.65 95% CI: 0.41-1.03, p=0.07) without statistical significance. Low heterogeneity was noted in the analysis.

CONCLUSIONS: Biliary stent ± BS is more effective in endoscopic management of PCBL compared to BS alone. This may be related to inter-endoscopist variation in completeness of sphincterotomy and post sphincterotomy edema, which can influence the preferential trans-papillary flow of bile.

PMID:35130543 | DOI:10.1159/000522328

Nanotechnology. 2022 Feb 7. doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac5283. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) materials have garnered increasing attention due to its ability of hosting intrinsic quantum point defects. This paper presents a photoluminescence (PL) mapping study related to sub-bandgap-level emission in bulk-like multilayer h-BN films. Spatial PL intensity distributions were carefully analyzed with 500-nm spatial resolution in terms of zero phonon line (ZPL) and phonon sideband (PSB) emission-peaks, and their linewidths, thereby identifying the potential quantum point defects within the films. Two types of ZPL, and PSB emissions were confirmed from the point defects located at non-edge- and at the edge of the films. Our statistical PL data revealed consistent broad and relatively narrow emission from the non-edge and edge area of the sample, respectively. The measured optical properties of these defects and the associated ZPL peak shift and line broadening as a function of temperature between 77° and 300°K are qualitatively and quantitatively explained. Moreover, an enhancement of the photostable PL emission by at least a factor of ×3 is observed when our pristine h-BN was irradiated with a 532 nm laser.

PMID:35130530 | DOI:10.1088/1361-6528/ac5283

J Neural Eng. 2022 Feb 7. doi: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac5266. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Cognitive impairment is one of the core symptoms of schizophrenia, with an emphasis on dysfunctional information processing. Sensory gating deficits have consistently been reported in schizophrenia, but the underlying physiological mechanism is not well-understood. We report the discovery and characterization of P50 dynamic brain connections based on microstate analysis.

APPROACH: We identify five main microstates associated with the P50 response and the difference between the first and second click presentation (S1-S2-P50) in first-episode schizophrenia patients (FESZ), ultra-high-risk individuals (UHR) and healthy controls (HC). The we used the signal segments composed of consecutive time points with the same microstate label to construct brain functional networks.

MAIN RESULTS: The microstate with a prefrontal extreme location during the response to the S1 of P50 are statistically different in duration, occurrence and coverage among the FESZ, UHR and HC groups. In addition, a microstate with anterior-posterior orientation was found to be associated with S1-S2-P50 and its coverage was found to differ among the FESZ, UHR and HC groups. Source location of microstates showed that activated brain regions were mainly concentrated in the right temporal lobe. Furthermore, the connectivities between brain regions involved in P50 processing of HC were widely different from those of FESZ and UHR.

SIGNIFICANCE: Our results indicate that P50 suppression deficits in schizophrenia may be due to both aberrant baseline sensory perception and adaptation to repeated stimulus. Our findings provide new insight into the mechanisms of P50 suppression in the early stage of schizophrenia.

PMID:35130537 | DOI:10.1088/1741-2552/ac5266