Tag: statistics

Int J Ther Massage Bodywork. 2021 Sep 2;14(3):27-38. doi: 10.3822/ijtmb.v14i3.619. eCollection 2021 Sep.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: There is a high prevalence of moderate-to-high levels of chronic stress among nurses, as well as an occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of chair massage to reduce chronic stress and musculoskeletal pain in the Oncology Nursing team.

SETTING: Two teaching cancer hospitals, one public and the other private, in São Paulo city, Brazil.

PARTICIPANTS: A total of 60 women from the Oncology Nursing team.

RESEARCH DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial divided into two groups: chair massage and control without intervention.

INTERVENTION: The massage group received two chair massage sessions lasting 15 minutes, twice a week, for three weeks.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Reduction of stress and pain measured by the List of Signs and Symptoms (LSS) and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), respectively.

RESULTS: The average age was 32 (± 5.3) years. There was a reduction of stress measured by the LSS with a statistical difference in the group-time interaction (p < .001), with a Cohen’s d value of 1.21 between groups. The BPI analysis showed a statistically significant difference in the group-time interaction for general activity (p < .008), mood (p < .03), work (p < .000), and sleep (p = .03), with reduced pain interference in these components.

CONCLUSION: Chair massage reduced stress and pain interference in the team’s daily life activities, bringing a positive impact in the context of work stress and pain in Oncology nursing professionals.

PMID:34484493 | PMC:PMC8362824 | DOI:10.3822/ijtmb.v14i3.619

Can Geriatr J. 2021 Sep 1;24(3):195-199. doi: 10.5770/cgj.24.508. eCollection 2021 Sep.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Those most at risk from severe COVID-19 infection are older adults; therefore, long-term care (LTC) facilities closed their doors to visitors and family caregivers (FCGs) during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The most common chronic health condition among LTC residents is dementia, and persons living with dementia (PLWD) rely on FCGs to maintain their care provision. This study aims to evaluate the impact of visitor restrictions and resulting loss of FCGs providing in-person care to PLWD in LTC during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHOD: An online survey and follow-up focus groups were conducted June to September 2020 (n=70). Mixed quantitative (descriptive statistics) and qualitative (thematic analysis) methods were used to evaluate study data.

RESULTS: FCGs were unable to provide in-person care and while alternative communication methods were offered, they were not always effective. FCGs experienced negative outcomes including social isolation (66%), strain (63%), and reduced quality of life (57%). PLWD showed an increase in responsive behaviours (51%) and dementia progression. Consequently, 85% of FCGs indicated they are willing to undergo specialized training to maintain access to their PLWD.

CONCLUSION: FCGs need continuous access to PLWD they care for in LTC to continue providing essential care.

PMID:34484502 | PMC:PMC8390326 | DOI:10.5770/cgj.24.508

Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. 2021 Aug 12;21(12):1-123. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer begins in the innermost lining of the bladder wall and, on histological examination, is classified as one of two types: non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) or muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) is the standard treatment for people with NMIBC, but the high rate of cancer recurrence after first TURBT is a challenge that physicians and patients face. Tumours seen during follow-up may have been missed or incompletely resected during first TURBT. TURBT is conventionally performed using white light to see the tumours. However, small papillary or flat tumours may be missed with the use of white light alone. With the emergence of new technologies to improve visualization during TURBT, better diagnostic and patient outcomes may be expected. We conducted a health technology assessment of two enhanced visualization methods, both as an adjunct to white light to guide first TURBT for people with suspected NMIBC-hexaminolevulinate hydrochloride (HAL), a solution that is instilled into the bladder to make tumours fluoresce under blue-violet light, and narrow band imaging (NBI), a technology that filters light into wavelengths that can be absorbed by hemoglobin in the tumours, making them appear darker. Our assessment included an evaluation of effectiveness, safety, cost-effectiveness, and the budget impact of publicly funding these new technologies to improve patient outcomes following first TURBT. The use of NBI in diagnostic cystoscopy was out of scope for this health technology assessment.

METHODS: We performed a systematic literature search of the clinical evidence from inception to April 15, 2020. We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the outcomes of first TURBT with the use of HAL or NBI, both as an adjunct to white light, with the outcomes of first TURBT using white light alone, or studies that made such comparison between HAL and NBI. We conducted pairwise meta-analyses using a fixed effects model where head-to-head comparisons were available. In the absence of any published RCT for comparison between HAL and NBI, we indirectly compared the two technologies through indirect treatment comparison (ITC) analysis. We assessed the risk of bias of each included study using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. We assessed the quality of the body of evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group criteria. We performed a systematic economic literature search and conducted a cost-utility analysis with a 15-year time horizon from a public payer perspective. We also analyzed the budget impact of publicly funding HAL and NBI as an adjunct to white light in people undergoing their first TURBT for suspected non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in Ontario.

RESULTS: In the clinical evidence review, we identified 8 RCTs that used HAL or NBI as an adjunct to white light during first TURBT. Pairwise meta-analysis of HAL studies showed that HAL-guided TURBT as an adjunct to white light significantly reduces recurrence rate at 12 months compared with TURBT using white light alone (risk ratio 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.51-0.95) (GRADE: Moderate). Five-year recurrence-free survival was significantly higher when HAL was used as an adjunct to white light than when white light was used alone (GRADE: Moderate). There was little to no difference in the tumour progression rate (GRADE: Moderate).Meta-analysis of NBI studies did not show a significant difference between NBI-guided TURBT as an adjunct to white light and TURBT using white light alone in reducing the rate of recurrence at 12 months (risk ratio 0.94, 95% CI 0.75-1.19) (GRADE: Moderate). No evidence on the effect on recurrence-free survival or tumour progression rate was identified for NBI-guided TURBT. The indirect estimate from the network analysis showed a trend toward a lower rate of recurrence after HAL-guided TURBT than after NBI-guided TURBT but the difference was not statistically significant (risk ratio 0.76, 95% CI 0.51-1.11) (GRADE: Low). Studies showed that use of HAL or NBI during TURBT was generally safe.The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of HAL-guided TURBT compared with NBI-guided TURBT, both as an adjunct to white light, is $12,618 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. Compared with TURBT using white light alone and using adjunct NBI, the probability of HAL-guided TURBT being cost-effective is 69.1% at a willingness-to-pay value of $50,000 per QALY gained and 74.6% at a willingness-to-pay of $100,000 per QALY gained. The annual budget impact of publicly funding HAL-guided TURBT in Ontario over the next 5 years ranges from an additional $0.6 million in year 1 to $2.5 million in year 5.

CONCLUSIONS: First TURBT guided by HAL as an adjunct to white light likely reduces the rate of recurrence at 12 months and increases 5-year recurrence-free survival when compared with first TURBT using white light alone. There is likely little to no difference in the tumour progression rate. First TURBT guided by NBI as an adjunct to white light likely results in little to no difference in the rate of recurrence at 12 months when compared with first TURBT using white light alone. Based on an indirect comparison, there may be little to no difference in cancer recurrence rate between HAL-guided and NBI-guided first TURBT. Use of HAL or NBI during first TURBT is generally safe. For people undergoing their first TURBT for suspected non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, using HAL as an adjunct to white light is likely to be cost-effective compared with using white light alone or with using NBI as an adjunct to white light. We estimate that publicly funding HAL as an adjunct to white light to guide first TURBT for people in Ontario with suspected NMIBC would result in additional costs of between $0.6 million and $2.5 million per year over the next 5 years.

PMID:34484486 | PMC:PMC8382283

Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. 2021 Aug 12;21(13):1-214. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Major depression is a substantial public health concern that can affect personal relationships, reduce people’s ability to go to school or work, and lead to social isolation. Multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing that includes decision-support tools can help predict which depression medications and dosages are most likely to result in a strong response to treatment or to have the lowest risk of adverse events on the basis of people’s genes.We conducted a health technology assessment of multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing that includes decision-support tools for people with major depression. Our assessment evaluated effectiveness, safety, cost-effectiveness, the budget impact of publicly funding multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing, and patient preferences and values.

METHODS: We performed a systematic literature search of the clinical evidence. We assessed the risk of bias of each included study using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Nonrandomized studies (RoBANS) and the quality of the body of evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group criteria.We performed a systematic literature search of the economic evidence to review published cost-effectiveness studies on multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing that includes a decision-support tool in people with major depression. We developed a state-transition model and conducted a probabilistic analysis to determine the incremental cost of multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing versus treatment as usual per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained for people with major depression who had inadequate response to one or more antidepressant medications. In the reference case (with GeneSight-guided care), we considered a 1-year time horizon with an Ontario Ministry of Health perspective. We also estimated the 5-year budget impact of publicly funding multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing for people with major depression in Ontario.To contextualize the potential value of multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing that includes decision-support tools, we spoke with people who have major depression and their families.

RESULTS: We included 14 studies in the clinical evidence review that evaluated six multi-gene pharmacogenomic tests. Although all tests included decision-support tools, they otherwise differed greatly, as did study design, populations included in studies, and outcomes reported. Little or no improvement was observed on change in HAM-D17 depression score compared with treatment as usual for any test evaluated (GRADE: Low-Very Low). GeneSight- and NeuroIDgenetix-guided medication selection led to statistically significant improvements in response (GRADE: Low-Very Low) and remission (GRADE: Low-Very Low), while treatment guided by CNSdose led to significant improvement in remission rates (GRADE: Low), but the study did not report on response. Results were inconsistent and uncertain for the impact of Neuropharmagen, and no significant improvement was observed for Genecept or another unspecified test for either response or remission (GRADE: Low-Very Low). Neuropharmagen may reduce adverse events and CNSDose may reduce intolerability to medication, while no difference was observed in adverse events with GeneSight, Genecept, or another unspecified test (GRADE: Moderate-Very Low). No studies reported data on suicide, treatment adherence, relapse, recovery, or recurrence of depression symptoms.Our review included four model-based economic studies and found that multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing was associated with greater effectiveness and cost savings than treatment as usual, over long-term (i.e., 3-,5-year and lifetime) time horizons. Since none of the included studies was fully applicable to the Ontario health care system, we conducted a primary economic evaluation.Our reference case analysis over the 1-year time horizon found that multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing (with GeneSight) was associated with additional QALYs (0.03, 95% credible interval [CrI]: 0.005; 0.072) and additional costs ($1,906, 95% Crl: $688; $3,360). An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was $60,564 per QALY gained. The probability of the intervention being cost-effective (vs. treatment as usual) was 36.8% at a willingness-to-pay amount of $50,000 per QALY (i.e., moderately likely not to be cost-effective), rising to 70.7% at a willingness-to-pay amount of $100,000 per QALY (i.e., moderately likely to be cost-effective). Evidence informing economic modeling of the reference case with GeneSight and other multi-gene pharmacogenomic tests was of low to very low quality, implying considerable uncertainty or low confidence in the effectiveness estimates. The price of the test, efficacy of the intervention on remission, time horizon, and analytic perspective were major determinants of the cost-effectiveness results. If the test price were assumed to be $2,162 (compared with $2,500 in the reference case), the intervention would be cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay amount of $50,000 per QALY; moreover, if the price decreased to $595, the intervention would be cost saving (or dominant) compared with treatment as usual.At an increasing uptake of 1% per year and a test price of $2,500, the annual budget impact of publicly funding multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing in Ontario over the next 5 years ranged from an additional $3.5 million in year 1 (at uptake of 1%) to $16.8 million in year 5. The 5-year budget impact was estimated at about $52 million.People with major depression and caregivers generally supported multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing because they believed it could provide guidance that fit their values. They hoped such guidance would speed symptom relief, would reduce side effects and help inform their medication choices. Some patients expressed concerns over maintaining confidentiality of test results and the possibility that physicians would sacrifice patient-centred care to follow pharmacogenomic guidance.

CONCLUSIONS: Multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing that includes decision-support tools to guide medication selection for depression varies widely. Differences between individual tests must be considered, as clinical utility observed with one test might not apply to other tests. Overall, effectiveness was inconsistent among the six multi-gene pharmacogenomic tests we identified. Multi-gene pharmacogenomic tests may result in little or no difference in improvement in depression scores compared with treatment as usual, but some tests may improve response to treatment or remission from depression. The impact on adverse events is uncertain. The evidence, however, is uncertain, and therefore our confidence that these observed effects reflect the true effects is low to very low.For the management of major depression in people who had inadequate response to at least one medication, some multi-gene pharmacogenomic tests that include decision support tools are associated with additional costs and QALYs over the 1-year time horizon, and maybe be cost-effective at the willingness-to-pay amount of $100,000 per QALY. Publicly funding multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing in Ontario would result in additional annual costs of between $3.5 million and $16.8 million, with a total budget impact of about $52 million over the next 5 years.People with major depression and caregivers generally supported multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing because they believed it could provide guidance that fit their values. They hoped such guidance would speed symptom relief, would reduce side and help inform their medication choices. Some patients expressed concerns over maintaining confidentiality of test results and the possibility that physicians would sacrifice patient-centred care to follow pharmacogenomic guidance.

PMID:34484487 | PMC:PMC8382305

Ann Thorac Med. 2021 Jul-Sep;16(3):280-286. doi: 10.4103/atm.atm_709_20. Epub 2021 Jul 20.

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Exploring clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in children may help in prevention and treatment guidelines.

AIMS: The aim of the to describe the spectrum of pediatric COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study involving pediatric COVID-19 patients across all Saudi regions.

METHODS: All patients aged between 2 months and 18 years with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were included. The primary end point was the hospitalization.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Descriptive statistics were used to describe the baseline demographic data and clinical characteristics. Numerical data were explored using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Shapiro-Wilk test, while Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test were used for categorical data.

RESULTS: Among the 654 pediatric COVID-19 patients, 4.7% (n = 31) were hospitalized, with one patient only needing pediatric intensive care admission. Sex, breastfeeding, birth status, and the patients’ living environment showed no significant association with hospitalization. Most children (80.3%, n = 525) were symptomatic, with two symptoms that were significantly associated with admission, namely, vomiting (P = 0.007) and nausea (P = 0.026). History of admission within the last year was identified in 10.4% (n = 68) children but had no association with worse outcome. The median duration of hospitalization for the entire group was 5.5 days, with longest hospital stay for age group 7-12 years (median 6 days).

CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 is usually a milder disease in children. Although having preexisting medical conditions was linked to a longer hospitalization, it was not associated with worse outcome. Continuous surveillance will allow additional characterization of the burden and outcomes of pediatric COVID-19-associated hospitalizations.

PMID:34484444 | PMC:PMC8388572 | DOI:10.4103/atm.atm_709_20

Air Qual Atmos Health. 2021 Aug 28:1-19. doi: 10.1007/s11869-021-01046-2. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Since its first confirmed case in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a worldwide pandemic with more than 90 million confirmed cases by January 2021. Countries around the world have enforced lockdown measures to prevent the spread of the virus, introducing a temporal change of air pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) that are strongly related to transportation, industry, and energy. In this study, NO₂ variations over regions with strong responses to COVID-19 are analysed using datasets from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) sensor aboard the EUMETSAT Metop satellites and TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) aboard the EU/ESA Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite. The global GOME-2 and TROPOMI NO₂ datasets are generated at the German Aerospace Center (DLR) using harmonized retrieval algorithms; potential influences of the long-term trend and seasonal cycle, as well as the short-term meteorological variation, are taken into account statistically. We present the application of the GOME-2 data to analyze the lockdown-related NO₂ variations for morning conditions. Consistent NO₂ variations are observed for the GOME-2 measurements and the early afternoon TROPOMI data: regions with strong social responses to COVID-19 in Asia, Europe, North America, and South America show strong NO₂ reductions of ∼ 30-50% on average due to restriction of social and economic activities, followed by a gradual rebound with lifted restriction measures.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11869-021-01046-2.

PMID:34484466 | PMC:PMC8397874 | DOI:10.1007/s11869-021-01046-2

Ann Thorac Med. 2021 Jul-Sep;16(3):266-273. doi: 10.4103/atm.ATM_358_20. Epub 2021 Jul 20.

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has put a spotlight on point-of-care diagnostic lung ultrasound (POCDLUS). However, the spectra of respiratory disease and resources available for investigation vary internationally. The applicability of POCDLUS to internal medicine (IM) practice in Saudi Arabia and the current use by Saudi physicians are unknown.

AIMS: The aim of the present study was to determine the applicability of POCDLUS to IM practice in Saudi Arabia and quantify the residents’ current skills, accreditation, and use of POCDLUS.

METHODS: A questionnaire was distributed to the IM residents at our institution to assess their knowledge, use of POCDLUS, and their perceptions of its applicability in IM.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Standard descriptive statistical techniques were used. Categorical data, presented as frequency, were compared using the Chi-squared test. The Likert scale responses, presented as mean ± standard deviation, were compared with a Student’s t-test.

RESULTS: In total, 100 residents participated (response rate 92.6%) and reported that POCDLUS was applicable to their practice. Identifying pleural effusions was most applicable. A small proportion (n = 7) had received training, nine used POCDLUS regularly, none were accredited and the overall self-reported level of knowledge was poor.

CONCLUSIONS: Whilst POCDLUS is applicable to IM practice in Saudi Arabia, the significant skills gap preclude the provision of a POCDLUS service. As COVID-19 can cause an interstitial syndrome, our pandemic preparation response should include POCDLUS training. The current study is supported by a similar Canadian study and the international standardisation of POCDLUS training may be feasible. The findings of the current study may facilitate the development of POCDLUS training programs for internists throughout Saudi Arabia.

PMID:34484442 | PMC:PMC8388563 | DOI:10.4103/atm.ATM_358_20

Ann Thorac Med. 2021 Jul-Sep;16(3):274-279. doi: 10.4103/atm.atm_599_20. Epub 2021 Jul 20.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: There are several factors predicting evolution in carcinoid tumors (CT) to date including the Ki67 role.

AIMS: The aim of this study is to identify a KI67 cut-off point for a population of CT and determine its prognostic implication in global and disease-free survival.

METHODS: Hematoxylin-eosin slides of 102 CT were revised. The percentage of cells expressing Ki 67 was determined manually.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The variables were compared with the t-test or the Wilcoxon test according to their distribution, the categorical ones with Chi-square or Fisher’s test. The best cut-off point was established by constructing receiver operating characteristic curves, then using that value as a dichotomous variable.

RESULTS: 72 typical carcinoids (TC) and 30 atypical carcinoids (AC) were analyzed; 66% were female. Median age (TC 38 vs. AC 51, P = 0.001), Ki67 expression (TC 0.63 vs. AC 2, P = 0.003), tumor size (TC 2.5 vs. AC 2.6, P = 0.001), the percentage relapse (TC 3.4% vs. AC 23%, P = 0.006), and the number of deaths (TC 1 vs. AC 4, P = 0.042) were significantly higher in the AC subgroup. The best cut-off point for Ki 67 was 0.755 (area under the curve AUC 0.564, 95% confidence interval 0.270-0.857), with no significant differences found in the disease-free and overall survival curves when considering values < or ≥ at the established cut-off point. The best cut-off point of the Ki-67 when exclusively analyzing AC was 1.18. When using this value as a predictive variable, a marginal statistical association was observed between Ki-67 expression, mortality (P = 0.077), and the frequency of relapses (P = 0.054).

CONCLUSIONS: Histological type is the best predictor of prognosis in the carcinoid tumor group. In the AC subgroup, the marginal association between mortality, frequency of relapses and Ki values 67 ≥ 1.18 has clinical relevance future analyses are required to determine the real predictive value of this variable.

PMID:34484443 | PMC:PMC8388565 | DOI:10.4103/atm.atm_599_20

Ann Thorac Med. 2021 Jul-Sep;16(3):253-259. doi: 10.4103/atm.ATM_494_20. Epub 2021 Jul 20.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Lung function abnormalities may occur in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Small-airway disease (SAD) precedes abnormalities in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV ₁).

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the presence and reversibility of SAD in HIV-infected children using the Global Lung Function Initiative standards.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted over 6 months at the Paediatric HIV Clinic of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria. Eligible consenting children with HIV infection were recruited. Lung function was measured, and the reversibility of FEV₁ and forced vital capacity (FVC) was assessed at 12% while that of forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% (FEF_25-75) was assessed at 12%, 15%, and 20%. Predictors of abnormal Z-score values were determined by multivariate linear and logistic regressions. Statistically significant values were set at P < 0.05.

RESULTS: The mean Z-score for FEV₁, FVC, and FEF_25-75 was – 2.19, -1.86, and – 1.60, respectively. Most patients (73%) had abnormal FEV₁, while 52% had abnormal FEF_25-75. Significant changes in FEV₁ (P = 0.001) and FEF_25-75 (P < 0.001) occurred after the bronchodilator response (BDR) test. Of the children whose FEV₁ showed positive BDR, 70.9% had low zFEV_1; 50% had low zFEF_25-75, while all had low FEV_1. Nutritional status (Z-score for body mass index) was significantly associated with low FEV_1.

CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal FEF_25-75 as a marker of SAD and FEV₁ with a positive BDR are common in HIV-infected children. These lung function abnormalities justify long-term follow-up for these patients.

PMID:34484440 | PMC:PMC8388566 | DOI:10.4103/atm.ATM_494_20

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2021;121(8):45-53. doi: 10.17116/jnevro202112108145.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify relationships between thrombodynamic values and the severity of the condition in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) before and after treatment.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 92 patients in an acute state of schizophrenia or schizotypal disorder, aged 16 to 57 years (median age [Q1; Q3] – 25 years). All patients received complex psychopharmacotherapy adequate to their psychopathological state. The PANSS was used to assess the severity of symptoms in patients. The coagulation parameters were determined by the thrombodynamics test, in which the growth of fibrin clots in platelet free plasma are observed from special activator. The patient population was divided into two groups with weak and strong response to treatment. Data analysis included machine learning (ML) techniques: logistic regression, random forests, decision trees, support vector machines with radial basis functions, statistically weighted syndromes, permutation method.

RESULTS: An analysis using permutation method revealed statistically significant different thrombodynamics values between groups of patients with weak and strong responses. There are significant differences between thrombodynamics values: T1D, T2D, T2Tlag and DTlag, and values characterizing the severity of positive symptoms before and after treatment (T1PposTot, T2PposTot), severity of psychopathological symptoms before treatment (T1Ppsy1, T1Ppsy6, T1Ppsy13). All ML techniques showed the relationship between thrombodynamics values and response to treatment. The best statistical significance was for statistically weighted syndromes method.

CONCLUSION: The combination of the results of different ML techniques at a high level of statistical significance identifies the thrombodynamic predictors of weak effect of treatment of SSD.

PMID:34481435 | DOI:10.17116/jnevro202112108145