Nevin Manimala

Behav Brain Sci. 2026 Jul 3;49:e262. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X25104160.

ABSTRACT

As developmental science expands globally, its theories and methods must rise to the challenge. Children worldwide develop within caregiving ecologies that often differ from traditional family models. Understanding how infants adapt within these contexts reveals general principles of human development. Achieving this requires structural change: consensus-building, open methods, and theories grounded in the environments where most children actually grow up.

PMID:42396681 | DOI:10.1017/S0140525X25104160

Behav Brain Sci. 2026 Jul 3;49:e259. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X25104147.

ABSTRACT

To illustrate the potential risks of overlooking WILD (i.e., Worldwide, Insitu, Local and Diverse) approaches in developmental psychology, we examined possible cultural biases in child protection interventions across WEIRD (i.e., Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and Democratic) countries. Analyses of national statistics revealed that children from minority cultural backgrounds are consistently overrepresented in care systems. We argue that equitable policies must adopt WILD-informed frameworks that respect cultural diversity while ensuring children’s safety and well-being.

PMID:42396671 | DOI:10.1017/S0140525X25104147

Int J Artif Organs. 2026 Jul 3:3913988261455770. doi: 10.1177/03913988261455770. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To examine foot care behaviors, perceived benefits and barriers to exercise, and the relationships between these factors among diabetic patients undergoing hemodialysis.

MAJOR FINDINGS: This study included 151 adults with type 2 diabetes receiving hemodialysis in Istanbul. Data were collected using the Foot Care Behavior Scale, the Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale for Dialysis Patients. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, correlation analyses, and linear regression were conducted. Higher education and health literacy were associated with improved foot care behaviors and greater perceived benefits of exercise. Fatigue, comorbidities, and lack of knowledge were identified as major barriers to exercise. Regression analysis showed that gender, age, albumin level, and exercise status significantly influenced perceived benefits and barriers.

CONCLUSIONS: Nursing interventions should focus on patient education, strengthening self-efficacy, and providing individualized exercise guidance to improve outcomes among diabetic hemodialysis patients. These findings highlight the critical role of nurses in promoting self-care behaviors and physical activity among diabetic hemodialysis patients.

PMID:42396656 | DOI:10.1177/03913988261455770

Int J Artif Organs. 2026 Jul 3:3913988261455788. doi: 10.1177/03913988261455788. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hypercapnic respiratory failure is a frequent and life-threatening condition in intensive care. While lung-protective ventilation is essential to limit ventilator-induced lung injury, it may aggravate hypercapnia, particularly in severely ill patients. Low-flow extracorporeal CO₂ removal (ECCO₂R) has therefore been proposed as an adjunct to facilitate CO₂ clearance and support protective ventilation. When integrated into continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) platforms, ECCO₂R offers a less invasive alternative to high-flow extracorporeal support. However, the effectiveness of CRRT-based ECCO₂R operated at very low blood flows, particularly under regional citrate anticoagulation, remains insufficiently characterized.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of invasively ventilated ICU patients with severe hypercapnic respiratory failure treated with low-flow ECCO₂R integrated into a citrate-anticoagulated CRRT system. Arterial blood gas parameters and ventilatory settings were retrospectively extracted at baseline and 2, 12, and 48 h after ECCO₂R initiation.

RESULTS: In 11 patients, median PaCO₂ decreased from 83.1 to 52.9 mmHg at 48 h, with a corresponding rise in pH from 7.21 to 7.33 (both p = 0.008). Tidal volume showed early pairwise changes, whereas overall ventilator settings and oxygenation remained unchanged. The system was feasible, required no systemic anticoagulation, and caused no coagulation-related complications.

CONCLUSIONS: In invasively ventilated patients with severe hypercapnic respiratory failure, low-flow ECCO₂R integrated into citrate-anticoagulated CRRT reduced PaCO₂ and improved acidosis, without significant overall changes in ventilator settings. This first report of exclusive regional citrate anticoagulation in CRRT-based ECCO₂R demonstrated feasibility and safety without coagulation complications. Despite a blood-flow limit of 200 ml/min, a statistically significant and clinically detectable reduction in PaCO₂ was achieved.

PMID:42396637 | DOI:10.1177/03913988261455788

J Int Med Res. 2026 Jul;54(7):3000605261464003. doi: 10.1177/03000605261464003. Epub 2026 Jul 3.

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveCleft lip and cleft palate are common congenital anomalies that occur when facial structures fail to completely close during early development. This study aimed to identify determinants of cleft lip and cleft palate and assess the relationship between the two outcomes among children admitted to CURE Ethiopia Children’s Hospital.MethodThis hospital-based cross-sectional study involved 544 children with congenital birth defects and their parents. A bivariate multinomial regression model was applied to identify the determinants of cleft lip and cleft palate and to account for the correlation between the two outcomes. Bayesian methods were used to estimate model parameters.ResultsMaternal factors, including inadequate prenatal nutrition, lack of multivitamin supplementation, alcohol consumption, passive smoking, cigarette smoking, folic acid deficiency, residence in rural area, parental history of birth defects, and certain medical conditions during pregnancy, were associated with the occurrence of cleft lip and cleft palate. The findings also demonstrated a strong correlation between cleft lip and cleft palate through shared latent effects.ConclusionsMaternal nutrition and exposure to harmful substances during pregnancy are important risk factors influencing the occurrence of cleft lip and cleft palate. Strengthening maternal health education, improving nutrition, and reducing exposure to harmful substances may help reduce the burden of these conditions.

PMID:42396633 | DOI:10.1177/03000605261464003

J Microencapsul. 2026 Jul 3:1-32. doi: 10.1080/02652048.2026.2695092. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris is a prevalent inflammatory dermatosis in which Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and, to a lesser extent, Staphylococcus aureus play central pathogenic roles. Conventional therapies (retinoids, antibiotics, corticosteroids) are limited by resistance, irritation, and suboptimal long-term efficacy.

OBJECTIVE AND METHODOLOGY: Essential oils (EOs) exhibit diverse biological activities, yet their clinical translation is constrained by volatility, physicochemical instability and poor follicular penetration. This review systematically examines EO-loaded nano-delivery systems including nanogels, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers as strategies to enhance overall release. Special emphasis is placed on multiscale in silico tools and statistical optimisation approaches for rational formulation engineering. Representative case studies and current insights into nano-toxicity and safety assessment are critically appraised to guide future clinical translation.

CONCLUSION: Advancing priorities including personalised dermatology frameworks, microbiome-responsive, folliculotropic EO nanocarriers and integrated computational approaches will accelerate the development of scalable, and patient-centered EO based nanoformulations for acne.

PMID:42396630 | DOI:10.1080/02652048.2026.2695092

Scand Cardiovasc J. 2026 Jul 3:1-3. doi: 10.1080/14017431.2026.2699501. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To critically assess the ESCAPER study (Ekström et al., 2025, Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal), which investigates cardiovascular resilience in high-risk individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), obesity, or kidney failure, focusing on internal inconsistencies, methodological challenges, and alignment with existing literature.

DESIGN: This Letter to the Editor analyzes the ESCAPER study’s rationale, protocol, and preliminary findings. We evaluate inclusion criteria, genetic analysis, and methodological rigor, comparing them to studies like FinnDiane. Concerns include T1D patients with microvascular complications as “escapers,” non-T1D-specific polygenic scores, small sample sizes, selection bias from voluntary recruitment, and inconsistent imaging protocols. We pose questions to clarify these issues.

RESULTS: Including T1D patients with microalbuminuria or simplex retinopathy as “escapers” conflicts with the study’s aim, as these conditions suggest vascular pathology. Reliance on coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus polygenic scores overlooks T1D-specific genetic factors, diverging from FinnDiane findings. Methodological flaws, including no predefined primary outcome, small sample sizes (e.g., n = 4 in kidney failure group), voluntary recruitment bias, and variable imaging protocols, limit generalizability and data consistency.

CONCLUSIONS: The ESCAPER study’s focus on cardiovascular resilience is novel but hampered by inconsistencies, literature discrepancies, and methodological limitations. Clarifying inclusion criteria, genetic markers, statistical power, bias mitigation, and data standardization is essential. We urge the authors to address these concerns to enhance the study’s contribution to precision medicine.

PMID:42396621 | DOI:10.1080/14017431.2026.2699501

Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2026 Jul 3. doi: 10.1002/bcp.70670. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: Balcinrenone (previously AZD9977) is a novel selective non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) with a differential mechanism of action relative to approved MRAs. The aim of this trial was to assess the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of balcinrenone in participants with mild and moderate hepatic impairment versus participants with normal hepatic function.

METHODS: Participants with mild and moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A [n = 8] and Child-Pugh Class B [n = 8]) were compared with group matched controls with normal hepatic function [n = 9]. Eligible participants received a single oral dose of 50-mg balcinrenone. Blood and urine samples were collected. Safety and tolerability were monitored.

RESULTS: In participants with mild hepatic impairment, balcinrenone exposure (area under the plasma concentration-time curve [AUC] and maximum plasma concentration [C_max]) was similar compared with participants with normal hepatic function. In participants with moderate hepatic impairment, C_max was similar, but there was a slight and statistically significant 30% (90% CI 4%-61%) increase in AUC compared with participants with normal hepatic function. Balcinrenone was well tolerated. All reported adverse events were of mild to moderate intensity.

CONCLUSIONS: Compared with participants with normal hepatic function, balcinrenone exposure was similar in participants with mild hepatic impairment. AUC, but not C_max, was slightly increased in participants with moderate hepatic impairment. We do not consider the minor AUC increase seen in participants with moderate hepatic impairment to be clinically relevant. Thus, we would not recommend any dose adjustment for patients with mild or moderate hepatic impairment.

PMID:42396603 | DOI:10.1002/bcp.70670

Curr Dev Nutr. 2026 Jun 6;10(7):109391. doi: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109391. eCollection 2026 Jul.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: A suboptimal diet is a major health risk, yet adopting and maintaining healthy eating habits remains challenging. Just-in-Time (JIT) digital support may help, however, little is known about when and where users are most receptive to such support.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate receptivity to a researcher-developed JIT-based app that prompts healthy food choices near food outlets and at preset times. The primary outcome was receptivity to JIT prompts, defined as users’ willingness and ability to receive, process, and act upon prompts in daily life. Exploratory outcomes included usability, perceived privacy and perceived effectiveness.

METHODS: In a single-arm mixed-methods study, 14 adults (M = 27 y) used the app for 1 wk after selecting a nutritional health goal. Data were collected via poststudy questionnaires, in-app feedback, and interviews with 8 participants. Receptivity was assessed based on participants’ willingness and ability to engage with prompts in real-world contexts. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively and using exploratory statistical tests; qualitative data were analyzed thematically.

RESULTS: Receptivity to JIT prompts was highest when prompts were delivered at meaningful times and locations, particularly at home and in supermarkets, and appeared higher during more positive and calmer emotional states. Exploratory feasibility findings indicated that usability was affected by technical issues and battery drain. Participants generally expressed willingness to share personal data when used transparently for personalization. Users reported improvements in self-rated diet quality and goal-related dietary behavior, and emotional states were associated with perceived momentary effectiveness. Lower-educated participants reported more installation difficulties, less favorable perceptions of prompt tone, and smaller improvements in food choices.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide initial insight into when and where individuals are most receptive to JIT support for healthy eating, informing the design of future adaptive dietary interventions tailored to users’ contexts and momentary states.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05773625 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05773625).

PMID:42396594 | PMC:PMC13324450 | DOI:10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109391

BJHS Themes. 2026 Jun 4:1-17. doi: 10.1017/bjt.2026.10034. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This paper uses the introduction at the US Food and Drug Administration of dose-response extrapolation for ascertaining toxicity between 1950 and 1980 to analyse the negotiations between statistical knowledge and regulation. Those statistical methods enabled experimental results to be translated into a ‘safe dose’ of a substance for human consumption, but different methods continued to give different estimates of effects, and there was little basis for determining which methods were most accurate. I argue that statisticians were not proposing their discipline so much as a tool for mechanical decision making than as a set of methods for establishing a regulatory procedure that made assumptions and judgements visible. Consequently, their use did not bring debates about low-dose toxicity to a close even as they promoted a regulatory ethos and enabled regulators to act, even in cases of inherent uncertainty and inescapable variability.

PMID:42396592 | PMC:PMC13320586 | DOI:10.1017/bjt.2026.10034