Nevin Manimala

Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2025 Dec 29;81(1):6. doi: 10.1007/s11130-025-01423-7.

ABSTRACT

This study aims to characterize the chemical, functional, color, and morphological properties of different quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) varieties from the Andean region of northern Argentina. The nutritional composition, including dietary fiber, was analyzed using AOAC methods; antioxidant activities were assessed with DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Functional properties such as water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), and swelling power (SP) were also determined. Additionally, digital image analysis via laser confocal microscopy was employed to evaluate morphometric parameters like area, perimeter, Feret’s diameter, circularity, roundness, aspect ratio, and solidity. The results showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) among quinoa samples linked to the variety. Among the evaluated parameters, the color component a* exhibited the greatest coefficient of variation (71.54%), followed by WSI (41.58%) and insoluble fiber content (23.50%), indicating high relative variability in functional and compositional properties. Total polyphenol content ranged from 2.13 to 4.02 mg Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE)/ g, while total flavonoids ranged from 0.32 to 0.74 mg Quercetin Equivalents (EQ)/ g. Antioxidant activity varied significantly among samples, with mean IC₅₀ values for DPPH at 13.8 mg/mL, and for ABTS and FRAP at 2.11 and 5.3 mg Trolox Equivalents/ g sample, respectively. The first two factors (F1 and F2) of principal component analysis (PCA) explained 58% of the total data variability. Variables most influential for differentiation included antioxidants, color, and nutritional parameters. The variables used in the analysis enabled the grouping and differentiation of the samples, with contributions from morphological, color, compositional, and antioxidant parameters.

PMID:41460592 | DOI:10.1007/s11130-025-01423-7

Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2025 Dec 29;215(2):48. doi: 10.1007/s10549-025-07835-y.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: People receiving treatment for breast cancer often report sleep disturbance. This systematic review explored the prevalence and impact of breast cancer treatment on sleep disturbance.

METHODS: The Medline, Embase, CINAHL Plus with full text, Psych INFO, Cochrane Library/Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus databases were searched up to December 2024. Eligible studies recruited people undergoing breast cancer treatment and reported the impact of treatment on their sleep. Two authors reviewed full-text publications for eligibility, data extraction, and quality appraisal. Demographics and sleep outcomes were summarised via descriptive statistics.

RESULTS: Among the 32,119 studies identified, 80 met the eligibility criteria. Studies have used a variety of sleep assessment measures and thresholds to define sleep disturbance. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and actigraphy were the most frequently used, 63% and 24%, respectively. The mean prevalence of poor sleep quality (as per the PSQI) for each treatment was as follows: surgery, 63%; chemotherapy, 62%; radiation therapy, 64%; and endocrine therapy, 57%; and clinically significant insomnia (as per the Insomnia Severity Index) for surgery, 20%; chemotherapy, 24%; radiation therapy, 23%; and endocrine therapy, 35%. A significant increase in sleep disturbance related to cancer treatment was reported in 62% of the studies assessing chemotherapy, 39% assessing radiation therapy, 20% assessing endocrine therapy, and 17% assessing breast surgery.

CONCLUSION: Sleep disturbance is reported in approximately 60% of people receiving treatment for breast cancer, with chemotherapy being the most studied treatment. The prevalence and severity of sleep disturbance vary across studies due to the heterogeneity of assessment tools used, and thresholds to define poor sleep. This highlights the need for a consistent method of assessing sleep disturbance and the need for effective strategies to improve sleep.

PMID:41460589 | DOI:10.1007/s10549-025-07835-y

Clin Oral Investig. 2025 Dec 29;30(1):32. doi: 10.1007/s00784-025-06700-y.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the location and severity of facial soft tissue deformities in patients with orofacial cleft prior to orthognathic surgery.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Linear measurements were performed on 30 scans of male faces without cleft and 10 faces with cleft. Three-dimensional (3D) coordinates of anthropometric points were used to calculate an Asymmetry Index for each point. An average male face was generated from the 30 unaffected scans using GOM Inspect Suite 2000 software. By superimposing cleft faces onto the Assessment of facial asymmetry in patients with orofacial cleft based on biometric proposal of the average male face, the location and severity of deformities were visualised in the x, y, and z axes. Statistical analysis of linear measurements and Asymmetry Index values was performed using a Z-score, with significance determined by the p-value.

RESULTS: Compared to controls, patients with orofacial clefts had a shorter and narrower face, a wider nose, and narrower lips. The Asymmetry Index identified the nose, upper lip, and chin as the regions with the most asymmetry. A significant deficiency of soft tissues in the oronasal area was observed, especially on the side affected by cleft.

CONCLUSIONS: 3D analysis enables precise localisation and quantification of soft tissue asymmetry in cleft patients. This method highlights the specific regions most affected by deformities and confirms the clinical applicability of 3D facial scanning. However, the relatively small sample size (10 males with clefts and 30 controls) and the exclusion of females limit the generalisability of these findings and should be addressed in future studies.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: 3D scanning represents a valuable visual tool for assessing residual deformities related to clefts. Provides objective data that can improve surgical planning and individualised treatment strategies for patients undergoing orthognathic procedures.

PMID:41460587 | DOI:10.1007/s00784-025-06700-y

Neurosurg Rev. 2025 Dec 29;49(1):92. doi: 10.1007/s10143-025-03996-y.

ABSTRACT

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of external ventricular drainage (EVD) in managing patients with space-occupying cerebellar infarction. The 48 patients were divided into two groups: the EVD group and the non-EVD group. The outcomes of the patient were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), with scores of ≤ 3 indicating a favorable prognosis. Among the 48 patients, 29 underwent EVD, while 19 were in the non-EVD group. This non-EVD group included 14 patients who underwent suboccipital decompression and 5 who underwent suboccipital decompression combined with necrosectomy. In the EVD group, 20 patients had a favorable prognosis and 9 had a poor prognosis, with 6 deaths. In the non-EVD group, 16 patients had a favorable prognosis and 3 had a poor prognosis, with 3 deaths. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score < 9 (OR 9.5, 95% CI 1.5-77.0, P = 0.05), cerebral infarction (OR 15.6, 95% CI 2.3-144.0, P = 0.03), and the requirement for postoperative ventilatory support (OR 12.7, 95% CI 2.7-79.4, P = 0.01) were independent risk factors for poor patient outcomes. For patients with space-occupying cerebellar infarction, EVD might be an effective and safe treatment option. However, its efficacy and safety require further confirmation through prospective randomized clinical trials.

PMID:41460584 | DOI:10.1007/s10143-025-03996-y

J Prev (2022). 2025 Dec 29. doi: 10.1007/s10935-025-00887-2. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study introduces and validates the Internet Use Scale for Emotional Distress Avoidance in Adolescents (IU-EDA), designed to assess the tendency to use the Internet as a coping strategy for negative emotional states. A total of 764 adolescents (51.8% boys; aged 11-17, mean age: 13.32 years) from ten Spanish municipalities participated across two samples. The IU-EDA was developed following theoretical models of Problematic Internet Use (PIU) and use to avoid emotional distress in adolescents. Items were developed from literature and validated via the Delphi technique. Analyses included descriptive statistics, correlations, factor analysis, reliability (Cronbach’s alpha), regressions for predictive validity, and Cohen’s d comparisons. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a two-factor structure: Avoidance of Negative Moods (ANM) and Avoidance of Self-Esteem Threats (AST), explaining 68.1% of the total variance. The scale showed excellent internal consistency (α = 0.923) and strong convergent validity with emotional dysregulation, anxiety, depression, and PIU, and weak associations with life satisfaction. ANM, associated with transient emotions like anxiety, sadness, and irritability, showed a stronger predictive relationship with PIU and variables such as late-night Internet use and extended online hours. In contrast, AST, linked to more stable emotional traits like hopelessness, had a lesser direct impact on these behaviors. The findings highlight that PIU in adolescents is primarily driven by immediate negative emotional states, emphasizing the importance of addressing emotional regulation skills in preventive interventions. Gender differences were observed, with girls scoring higher in ANM and PIU. This study validates the IU-EDA for identifying emotional factors associated with PIU and guiding prevention and treatment. It highlights ANM as a priority target, while AST requires more intensive clinical approaches where more stable emotional vulnerabilities are present.

PMID:41460578 | DOI:10.1007/s10935-025-00887-2

J Neurooncol. 2025 Dec 29;176(2):139. doi: 10.1007/s11060-025-05389-z.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is increasingly being replaced by high precision multimodality treatment including stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) in patients with ≥ 4 brain metastases (BMs). The implications of this trend on survival rates are uncertain. Our study examines the time trends for survival rates of patients treated with radiotherapy for brain metastases during this era of shifting treatment paradigms.

METHODS: Patients with newly diagnosed BMs treated with SRT or WBRT between 2010 and 2023 were included, regardless of the number of brain metastases or the primary malignancy. Patients were excluded if they had previously undergone cranial radiotherapy. Differences in survival between treatment years were evaluated using Log-rank tests. A P value of ≤ 0.05 (two-sided) was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: A total of 1106 patients were included for analysis. Of these, 832 (75%) were treated with SRT, while 274 (25%) were treated with WBRT. The median number of BMs was 2 (IQR 1-5), while 367 (33%) patients had ≥ 4 BMs. The proportion of patients with ≥ 4 BMs who were treated with linear accelerator-based SRT instead of WBRT increased over time: 2010-2014: 9 (11%); 2015-2019: 52 (31%); 2020-2023: 80 (68%). An improvement in survival rates of patients with ≥ 4 BMs was observed over time (median survival 2010-2014: 5 months; 2015-2019: 6 months; 2020-2023: 7 months, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: In patients treated for multiple (≥ 4) BMs, survival increased when radiotherapy modality shifted from WBRT to high precision multimodality treatment including SRT, resection, and systemic therapy.

PMID:41460539 | DOI:10.1007/s11060-025-05389-z

Lasers Med Sci. 2025 Dec 29;41(1):6. doi: 10.1007/s10103-025-04761-9.

ABSTRACT

To explore the effect of manual linear array technology (MLAT) of ultra-pulsed CO₂ laser on keloids:a randomized self-control clinical trial 20 patients with 80 keloids in the outpatient department of dermatology at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were recruited for a randomized self-control study. Some skin lesions were randomly selected as observation lesions by MLAT of ultra-pulsed CO₂ laser, and the other skin lesions with similar size were selected as control lesions by manual fiction technology (MFT) in the same patient. Comparison of the effects between the two treatment methods was performed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) score between the two methods was analyzed by two sample t-test and paired sample t-test. remarked effective rate in the observation lesions was 82.5% higher than that 57.5% in the control lesions (χ2 = 6.975),which has statistical difference (P= 0.008). The recurrence rate in the observation lesions was 2.5% lower than that 15.0% in the control lesions (χ2 = 5.563), which has statistical difference (P= 0.018). The VSS score of the observation lesions was 2.45± 1.22 lower than that 4.80± 1.68 of the control lesions (t= 7.155) after the treatment, which has statistically significant（P=0.000）. The difference of the VSS score between before and after treatment in observation lesions was 9.70± 2.15 higher than that 7.83± 2.24 in the control lesions (t= 3.818), which has statistically significant (P=0.000). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two methods (χ2 =0.157,P=0.692). MALT is effective in the treatment of keloids, which may be worthy of clinical reference or application.

PMID:41460531 | DOI:10.1007/s10103-025-04761-9

J Contin Educ Nurs. 2026 Jan;57(1):21-28. doi: 10.3928/00220124-20251029-01. Epub 2026 Jan 1.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Training programs for cardiovascular specialist nurses in China lack standardized evaluation frameworks. This study developed a structured evaluation model based on the Workplace-Based Assessment (WPBA) guided by Miller’s Pyramid of clinical competence.

METHOD: A Delphi method was employed, involving 15 cardiovascular nursing education experts who participated in two consultation rounds. Initial evaluation items were derived from literature reviews and expert group discussions. Consensus and content validity were assessed using descriptive statistics and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance.

RESULTS: Experts achieved strong consensus, validating a comprehensive evaluation model comprising four integrated assessment components: theoretical knowledge examination, Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (Mini-CEX), Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (DOPS), and Case-Based Discussion (CBD). Each assessment aligns with one level of Miller’s Pyramid, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation from theoretical knowledge to clinical performance. Consensus analysis demonstrated high expert agreement and consistency across assessment criteria and clinical sites.

CONCLUSION: This structured assessment model addresses existing gaps in advanced nursing education, offering standardized and objective evaluations of trainee competencies. This evaluation framework contributes substantially to advancing nursing education and enhancing cardiovascular health care quality through better trained specialist nurses.

PMID:41460504 | DOI:10.3928/00220124-20251029-01

J Relig Health. 2025 Dec 29. doi: 10.1007/s10943-025-02502-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Little discussion of including the spiritual domain in physical therapy (PT) education in the US has occurred despite support from PT practitioners and students. The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions of practicing physical therapists regarding the role that their own spirituality, prior professional education, and the usefulness of including spirituality in PT practice may play in several aspects of clinical practice. A random sample of 800 physical therapists working in acute/sub-acute rehabilitation settings selected from the APTA membership was surveyed. This cross sectional study achieved a response rate of 57.5% (n = 460). Outcomes consisted of 57 Likert-scale items focused on the role that spirituality might play in PT clinical practice. Internal consistency reliability of these items was excellent (α = .97). The importance of including spirituality in patient care (total score) was significantly related to respondents’ self-identified belief system (where religious/spiritual were more positive relative to atheist/agnostic/other) (p < 001/h2 = .178) andperceptions of usefulness of including spirituality in patient care (where positive perceptions related to positive outcomes) (p < .001/d = -1.856). Although those with prior exposure to spirituality through professional education tended to agree more with the outcomes, only three of the five topic areas were statistically significant, but the total score was not significantly related (p = .237/d = -.154). Study results contribute to the existing literature supporting the importance of addressing spirituality in PT education. Educating physical therapists in this area would enhance the profession’s goal of providing holistic patient-centered care and improving cultural competence.

PMID:41460478 | DOI:10.1007/s10943-025-02502-4

Can J Public Health. 2025 Dec 29. doi: 10.17269/s41997-025-01143-0. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Latin Americans are among the fastest-growing racialized groups in Canada but remain largely invisible in cancer surveillance and research. This study examines cancer diagnosis among Latin Americans compared to non-Latin American White and other racialized populations and explores how diagnosis varies across sociodemographic subgroups.

METHODS: Secondary analysis of pooled data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (2015-2018) was conducted. The analytic sample included 177,754 adults aged 18 or older, of whom 1799 identified as Latin American. Logistic regression models estimated the association between ethnicity and self-reported cancer diagnosis, with interaction terms testing moderation by sex, education, income, and immigration status.

RESULTS: Latin Americans had lower odds of reporting a cancer diagnosis than non-Latin American Whites (OR = 0.69; 95% CI, 0.52-0.92). Subgroup analyses showed stronger protection among males than females, those with mid-range incomes compared to lower or higher earners, and immigrants relative to Canadian-born Latin Americans. Individuals with graduate or limited secondary education also showed greater protection than other education levels.

CONCLUSIONS: While Latin Americans in Canada appear to experience a protective advantage in overall cancer prevalence, this advantage is not uniform. Disparities persist across sex, socioeconomic position, and immigration status, pointing to structural inequities that remain despite universal coverage. Equity-oriented cancer prevention strategies-including culturally tailored outreach, improved screening access, and systematic collection of race and ethnicity data-are needed to ensure that Latin Americans are not rendered invisible in Canadian cancer care.

PMID:41460463 | DOI:10.17269/s41997-025-01143-0