Turk J Haematol. 2024 Mar 1. doi: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2024.2023.0469. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Calprotectin (CLP), S100A6, and High Mobility Group Nucleosome-Binding Protein 1 (HMGN1), known as alarmins, are involved in the pathogenesis of many tumors. In this study, we aimed to inve stigate the relationship of serum CLP, S100A6, and HMGN1 levels with clinical and laboratory findings in Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients and their role in the pathogenesis of MM.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured serum CLP, S100A6, and HMGN1 levels in 55 newly diagnosed patients and 32 healthy controls (HC).
RESULTS: We determined significantly decreased serum CLP, S100A6 ve HMGN1 levels in MM patients compared to HC (p=0.012, p=0.001, p=0.030, respectively). ROC analysis was used to determine a diagnostic cut-off value for serum CLP, S100A6 and HMGN1; the cut off value for CLP was <98 ng/ml (AUC = 0.663, 95% CI 0.554-0.761, p=0.009), S100A6 was <1174.5 pg/ml (AUC = 0.706, 95% CI 0.598-0.799, p=0.001), and HMGN1 was <440.18 pg/ml (AUC = 0.640, 95% CI 0.530-0.740, p:0.03). CLP level was found to be statistically significantly in light chain MM patients ( 91.58±22.57) higher than in heavy chain MM patients (79.42±15.83) (p=0.03). A negative correlation was observed between CLP and M protein, IgG, globulin, and beta 2 microglobulin (correlation coefficient: -0,361; -0,370; -0,279; -0,300, p=0,024, p=006, p=0,04, p=0,0033).
CONCLUSION: In this study, we found that serum CLP, S100A6, and HMGN1 levels were statistically lower in newly diagnosed MM patients compared to HC. These results suggest that CLP may binds to the paraprotein produced by heavy chain MM in the blood and therefore its blood levels are found to be low. Additionally, low levels of HMGN1, which is involved in DNA repair, suggest that HMGN1 may contribute to the complex genetic abnormalities found in MM.
PMID:38426298 | DOI:10.4274/tjh.galenos.2024.2023.0469
