Nurse Educ. 2026 Jul 9. doi: 10.1097/NNE.0000000000002248. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Health care education increasingly requires nurses who are confident, entrepreneurial, and able to innovate.
PURPOSE: To examine the relationships among self-efficacy, entrepreneurship, and innovativeness among nursing students and to test whether entrepreneurship mediates the relationship between self-efficacy and innovativeness.
METHODS: This cross-sectional correlational study included 528 undergraduate nursing students from 4 academic years. Students completed Arabic versions of the General Self-Efficacy Scale, Entrepreneurship Measurement Instrument for Nursing Students, and Individual Innovativeness Scale.
RESULTS: Self-efficacy correlated positively with entrepreneurship and innovativeness, and entrepreneurship correlated positively with innovativeness. Path analysis showed that self-efficacy predicted entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurship predicted innovativeness, while the direct path from self-efficacy to innovativeness was not significant.
CONCLUSIONS: Entrepreneurship may act as a statistical pathway linking self-efficacy with innovativeness. Nursing curricula should combine confidence-building with entrepreneurial learning to support innovation.
PMID:42424032 | DOI:10.1097/NNE.0000000000002248
