Mil Med. 2026 Jul 28:usag348. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usag348. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Upper extremity injuries, particularly those involving the hand, are a significant source of morbidity and reduced operational readiness within military populations. Hand and finger trauma are among the most common musculoskeletal injuries encountered across deployed and non-deployed military settings, frequently affecting the ability to perform mission-essential tasks. In austere and resource-constrained environments, early stabilization strategies must balance protection of injured structures with preservation of function and operational capability. Current military trauma systems emphasize prolonged management in environments where evacuation may be delayed, increasing the importance of rapid, reproducible interventions that support continued function. Traditional immobilization techniques such as plaster splinting are time-intensive, operator-dependent, and often restrict functional hand use. This pilot study evaluates a rapid, motion-permissive hand stabilization system (GRASP Hand) designed to achieve intrinsic-plus positioning while allowing controlled motion, with potential application across Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) and Prolonged Casualty Care (PCC) settings.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A pilot feasibility study was conducted in a controlled outpatient setting following institutional review board approval. Eight surgeons with varying levels of experience applied both the GRASP Hand and a traditional plaster splint to a single healthy subject in randomized sequence. The primary outcome was application time. Secondary outcomes included index finger metacarpophalangeal joint (MPJ) flexion angle immediately after application and again at 10 minutes. During the observation period, the subject performed light functional tasks to approximate low-demand activity. Paired t-tests were used for statistical comparison.
RESULTS: The GRASP Hand demonstrated significantly reduced application time compared to plaster splinting (23.5 ± 5.1 seconds vs. 359 ± 81.4 seconds, P < .001). Both methods achieved intrinsic-plus positioning; however, the GRASP Hand produced more consistent initial MPJ flexion (73.9° ± 3.8° vs. 64.4° ± 11.4°) with reduced inter-user variability. Maintenance of positioning over 10 minutes was comparable between groups (angle change: 4.3° ± 1.4° vs. 3.9° ± 5.0°, P = .863). No complications or device failures were observed.
CONCLUSIONS: A motion-permissive hand stabilization system enabled rapid, reproducible achievement of intrinsic-plus positioning while maintaining short-term positional stability comparable to plaster splinting. These findings support the feasibility of rapid functional hand stabilization in operational environments where evacuation delays, limited resources, and preservation of functional capability are critical considerations. Emerging evidence supporting controlled motion and functional hand-based stabilization suggests that early protected mobilization may reduce stiffness and improve functional recovery while maintaining fracture alignment in appropriately selected injuries. This approach may represent a complementary strategy within the military trauma care continuum for select hand injuries not requiring rigid immobilization.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Identifier: NCT06592040.
PMID:42520311 | DOI:10.1093/milmed/usag348
