Category: Nevin Manimala

Saudi Dent J. 2026 Jun 10;38(6):84. doi: 10.1007/s44445-026-00177-5.

ABSTRACT

To evaluate the stain resistance of repressed IPS Emax and Celtra Press after thermo-mechanical fatigue. Two pressable glass ceramics, IPS e.max press (Ivoclar, Vivadent) and Celtra press (Dentsply, Sirona), were used in this study. Thirty discs (2 × 10 mm) were fabricated: (n = 15) e.max press (Group E) and Celtra press (Group C). The discs were fabricated using a repressing technique where remnant buttons from the initial press were reshaped as new ingots by removing all sprues. Each group was subdivided into three equal subgroups after thermo-mechanical fatigue according to the immersion solution: subgroup (AS): Artificial saliva (control immersion medium), subgroup(T): Tea solution and subgroup (C): Cola solution, (n = 5). Color and translucency measurements were recorded for all specimens. Data was collected and statistically analyzed using a two-way ANOVA test to study the interaction of study variables. Statistical analysis revealed that IPS e.max Press displayed significantly greater color deviation (ΔE) compared to Celtra Press in artificial saliva and tea groups, whereas no significant difference was observed between groups immersed in cola (p = 0.064).TP increased after staining, particularly in cola subgroups, with Celtra Press/cola showing the highest values. Two-way ANOVA revealed significant effects of material, staining medium, and their interaction on both ΔE and TP (p < 0.001). Both repressed IPS e.max Press and Celtra Press ceramics are susceptible to changes in color stability and translucency following exposure to common staining agents and thermomechanical aging.

PMID:42268468 | DOI:10.1007/s44445-026-00177-5

Environ Geochem Health. 2026 Jun 10;48(9):396. doi: 10.1007/s10653-026-03284-8.

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the impact of the September 2024 flood on the trace elements concentration in the floodplain sediments at the mouth of the Nysa Kłodzka River into the Odra Valley. The research integrated geological mapping, sediment sampling (112 samples from 56 locations), laboratory analyses of trace element concentrations (44 representative samples from 22 locations), statistical evaluation (Mann-Whitney U test), and calculation of the geochemical and ecotoxicological indices (Enrichment Factor, Geoaccumulation Index, Contamination Factor, Degree of Contamination, Single Index of Ecological Risk Factor, Potential Ecological Risk Index). The results indicate that the 2024 flood event caused an increase in the concentrations of trace elements in surface sediments compared to subsurface, pre-flood layers (significant increase of Pb and Cd). The applied geochemical and ecotoxicological indices confirmed that the 2024 flood event enhanced both contamination levels and ecological risk in floodplain sediments. Overall, the findings emphase the important role of flood events in the mobilization, transport, and redistribution of contaminants within river floodplains.

PMID:42268447 | DOI:10.1007/s10653-026-03284-8

Environ Monit Assess. 2026 Jun 10;198(7):703. doi: 10.1007/s10661-026-15541-5.

ABSTRACT

Air pollution and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pose significant environmental and public health challenges, particularly in rapidly urbanizing regions. Long-term assessment of spatiotemporal patterns of PM2.5 is essential for effective air quality management and pollution mitigation. This study examines the long-term spatiotemporal distribution of PM2.5 concentrations across multiple decades using advanced geostatistical and hybrid modeling approaches. Pakistan, ranked as one of the most polluted countries worldwide according to recent global air quality assessments, is selected as the study region to investigate persistent patterns of particulate pollution. A hybrid spatial interpolation (HSI) framework integrating machine learning algorithms with regression kriging is employed to improve prediction accuracy and capture complex spatial trends. A decade-by-decade analysis was carried out to capture changes in PM2.5 patterns over successive decades. The results indicate that PM2.5 concentrations remained consistently elevated across most regions of Pakistan, frequently exceeding the WHO annual guideline of $5\mu {\text{g,m}}^{–3}$ and, in recent assessments, reaching levels multiple times higher than this threshold, with evidence of increasing extremes and spatial expansion rather than a uniform rise in average levels. Spatial analysis revealed a persistent southwest to northeast orientation along the Indus corridor, covering Karachi, Hyderabad, and Sukkur, and extending toward the central plains of Multan, Lahore, Faisalabad, and Gujranwala. The proposed HSI framework achieved improved interpolation performance and provided a more refined representation of spatial PM2.5 patterns. Overall, the findings highlight the persistence and spatial expansion of PM2.5 concentrations and provide a quantitative basis for improved air quality management and policy formulation.

PMID:42268431 | DOI:10.1007/s10661-026-15541-5

Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2026 Jun 10. doi: 10.1007/s00210-026-05538-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Delirium in older adults is often due to an acute infectious insult or metabolic dysfunction. Traditionally, muscarinic antagonists have been implicated in delirium, but the association remains inconsistent. The delirium-producing effects of medications require a multifaceted understanding that goes beyond their anticholinergic actions and simultaneously considers other medical etiologies. The current study is a subgroup analysis of an 18-month prospective study on dyselectrolytemia conducted in the Department of Geriatric Medicine in a tertiary North Indian hospital. Findings are compared with those of a decade-old study from a non-geriatric service at the same hospital. Among 411 admissions, delirium occurred in 26.5% and was multifactorial in 64.2%. Infections and acute kidney injury were the leading causes. Medications were involved in 23.9%. Medication-induced delirium cases were related to severe hyponatremia or hypernatremia and direct neurological effects, in addition to usual antimuscarinic actions. However, at the study population level, while 3.3-fold higher odds of delirium were observed in patients aged 80 and above, no association was observed with the number of medications or with medications with strong anticholinergic potential. Increasing age was the strongest independent risk factor for delirium. A higher rate of medication-related causes was identified compared to past data from the same center, but different setups preclude any definite conclusions. Medication-induced delirium had a favorable outcome and was reversible in the majority. The study reinforces the role of meticulous medication review in therapeutic decision-making for older persons. The absence of an association with anticholinergic medications may be due to differences in population characteristics, limited statistical power of the study design, and evolving prescribing trends. The delirium-producing risk of individual medication classes warrants further larger studies.

PMID:42268391 | DOI:10.1007/s00210-026-05538-9

Dig Dis Sci. 2026 Jun 10. doi: 10.1007/s10620-026-10054-0. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, Endoscopic Muscularis Dissection (EMD) and Endoscopic Cap External Snare Resection (ECESR) are utilized as effective techniques for removing small submucosal tumors. Herein, We aimed to clarify the efficacy and outcomes of ECESR vs EMD to determine the optimal minimally invasive approaches for managing small (≤ 12 mm) Gastric Submucosal Tumors (sGSMT) arising from the muscularis propria (MP) layer.

METHODS: This study retrospectively included data from patients who underwent ECESR or EMD to excise sGSMT of 12 mm or less. The propensity score matching (PSM) algorithm mitigated selection bias using age, gender, tumor size, location, and growth patterns for one-to-one matching. Finally, 96 patients were divided into ECESR (48) and EMD (48) groups. Clinicopathologic characteristics, procedural outcomes (procedure time, tumor resection time, and R0 resection), adverse events, length of hospital stay, and costs were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS: After PSM, the ECESR group experienced significantly shorter procedure time and tumor resection time (23 [21, 22] vs 47 [40-56] min; 5 [5, 6] vs 27 [26-30] min, P < 0.001). The ECESR group exhibited significantly shorter hospital stays (P < 0.001) and lower operation costs (P < 0.001) compared to the EMD group. Both groups achieved high rates of complete (R0) resection, with no statistically significant difference observed. Importantly, no recurrence or metastasis was observed in either group during follow-up. The incidence of adverse events, including perforation and postoperative complications, was comparable between groups, and no statistically significant differences were identified..

CONCLUSIONS: For sGSMT (≤ 12 mm), ECESR exhibits shorter procedure and tumor resection times, speedier recovery, lower operating costs, and shorter hospital stays compared to EMD.

PMID:42268359 | DOI:10.1007/s10620-026-10054-0

Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2026 Jun 10. doi: 10.1007/s10484-026-09792-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

An investigation the effect of an Electromyography Respiratory Biofeedback (ERB) method on the anxiety level of male patients with incomplete cervuaical spinal cord injury (CSCI). 40 patients (men) were included in the study considering the inclusion criteria and randomly divided into two groups of 20 patients. The control group received 15 sessions of common respiratory physiotherapy (CRPT). In addition to 15 sessions of CRPT, the intervention group also received 15 sessions of ERB. Anxiety level was measured by the Zung questionnaire for both groups at three levels, before the beginning of the treatment, after the completion of the treatment and one month after the completion of the treatment sessions. The results were evaluated by SPSS software. The results of the repeated measure test showed that both CRPT and the addition of ERB can have statistically significant effects on the anxiety level of patients over time (p-value < 0.001). The emotional and physical subscales of the Zung questionnaire were also statistically significantly affected by the passage of time in both groups. The values related to the total score of the Zung questionnaire and its emotional and physical subscales, in the control group, increased again one month after the treatment sessions, while in the control group, these values continued to decrease. CRPT aimed at improving diaphragmatic breathing can reduce the anxiety level of patients with CSCI in the short term, and these positive effects may diminish over time. However, the addition of ERB appears to support the short-term maintenance of these therapeutic effects during the one-month follow-up.

PMID:42268352 | DOI:10.1007/s10484-026-09792-8

Genet Med. 2026 Jun 9:102627. doi: 10.1016/j.gim.2026.102627. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To systematically evaluate the diagnostic yield of ES and GS for investigating suspected genetic disorders in critically ill neonates and infants.

METHODS: Relevant literature published before December 2024 was retrieved from PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. Eligible cohort studies and case series (≥4 patients) adopting ES/GS as primary diagnostic tools were included. Random-effects proportional meta-analysis, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed to synthesize overall diagnostic yield, compare different sequencing modalities, and explore the correlation between diagnostic yield and publication year. This study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42025631436).

RESULTS: The meta-analysis included 26 ES cohorts (2,205 individuals) and 22 GS cohorts (2,101 individuals). The overall diagnostic yield was 39.4% for ES (95% CI, 32.8%-46.3%) and 39.4% for GS (95% CI, 34.7%-44.1%). Subgroup analyses revealed trends toward higher yields with trio-based sequencing compared to non-trio approaches and with rapid GS compared to rapid ES, although these differences were not statistically significant. The meta-regression did not find a significant change in diagnostic yield over time.

CONCLUSION: The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate the substantial diagnostic utility of both ES and GS in critically ill neonates and infants, providing a molecular diagnosis in nearly two-fifths of cases. These findings support the use of next-generation sequencing to improve diagnostic outcomes in this vulnerable patient population.

PMID:42267533 | DOI:10.1016/j.gim.2026.102627

Anal Chem. 2026 Jun 10. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6c02559. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Cupping therapy is a widely used therapeutic procedure in traditional Chinese medicine, yet its mechanism remains unclear. Some of the literature on the mechanism of cupping relates its beneficial effects to chemical detoxification. Currently, however, there is a lack of rapid, in-situ, and noninvasive analytical approaches for verifying this theory. Here, we developed a method to analyze compounds inside the cupping jar during cupping. After sampling and upconcentration with a thin-film solid-phase microextraction (TF-SPME) membrane during cupping, analytes on the membrane were released via thermal desorption (TD) and then entered a dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI) source mass spectrometer for analysis. Pork skin was first used as surrogate, and we were able to detect five volatile organic compounds that had previously been reported in the literature on the skin surface. Under optimized conditions, the limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.003 to 0.063 μg/cm², and a good reproducibility (relative standard deviation ≤8.7%) was achieved. In subsequent cupping experiments on human volunteers, we employed statistical analysis methods to analyze changes in the levels of compounds emanating from the human skin surface before and after cupping, correlated these changes with the clearance of chemicals as described by the detoxification theory. Compared to most previous studies, the method in this work is more convenient, more rapid, noninvasive and can be performed directly on the skin surface.

PMID:42267511 | DOI:10.1021/acs.analchem.6c02559

Curr Opin Cardiol. 2026 Jun 4. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000001320. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Right ventricular size and function are vital to risk stratification in pulmonary hypertension, valvular disease, and congenital heart disease, yet right ventricular assessment remains technically demanding and subject to interpreter variability. This review aims to synthesize the rapidly expanding evidence on the application of artificial intelligence to RV structural and functional assessment across echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), and computed tomography.

RECENT FINDINGS: Artificial intelligence has demonstrated accuracy approaching interobserver variability for automated right ventricular segmentation and chamber quantification across imaging modalities. Functional applications include artificial intelligence derived fractional area change, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, free-wall strain, and ejection fraction estimation compared against CMR. Emerging applications address right ventricular-pulmonary artery coupling and hemodynamic phenotyping through afterload-aware, physiology-centered models.

SUMMARY: Current artificial intelligence tools can standardize and accelerate established right ventricular measurements, with the strongest performance in echocardiographic segmentation, annular tracking, and ejection fraction surrogates. Translation into clinical practice will require robust external validation across disease phenotypes, hybrid artificial intelligence workflows that loop in humans, and prospective studies that display measurable impact on clinical efficiency and patient outcomes.

PMID:42267489 | DOI:10.1097/HCO.0000000000001320

Eur J Neurosci. 2026 Jun;63(11):e70580. doi: 10.1111/ejn.70580.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to explore the associations between an aspect of self-regulation (SR), effortful control (EC) and cortical brain structure in 5-year-old children. Efficient EC is a predictor of many attributes and important outcomes in life, such as social-emotional functioning, finance, psychiatric and somatic health. The early brain correlates of EC are not widely studied, and a better understanding of them would aid in understanding how self-regulatory capacities emerge over development. Participants (N = 155) were a part of the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study in Finland. T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance images were processed using FreeSurfer. The data were statistically analysed with a vertex-wise general linear model. At the age of 5 years, EC was assessed via parental report using The Children’s Behaviour Questionnaire. We found positive associations between EC and cortical volume in the left supramarginal region and in the right inferior temporal region. We also found positive associations between EC and surface area on the left hemisphere in the superior parietal region. We extended the previous literature by shedding light on early structural brain correlates of EC in a large sample of typically developing 5-year-olds. The main results differed significantly from previous findings in older children. The results were only present with questionnaire- and not task-based evaluation of EC. Both questionnaire and task-based evaluations are required to consider different aspects of EC and SR. In addition, longitudinal studies are needed to better understand the neural underpinnings of SR throughout development.

PMID:42267464 | DOI:10.1111/ejn.70580