Category: Nevin Manimala

Ann Surg Oncol. 2023 Oct 22. doi: 10.1245/s10434-023-14405-3. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The most common mode of ovarian cancer (OC) spread is intraperitoneal dissemination, with the peritoneum as the primary site of metastasis. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with chemotherapy is the primary treatment. When necessary, a digestive resection can be performed, but the role of mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) in advanced OC remains unclear, and its significance in treatment and follow-up evaluation remains to be determined. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of MLN involvement in patients who underwent digestive resection for OC peritoneal metastases (PM) and to investigate its potential prognostic value.

METHODS: This retrospective, descriptive study included patients who underwent CRS with curative intent for OC with PM between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2020. The study assessed MLN status and other clinicopathologic features to determine their prognostic value in relation to overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).

RESULTS: The study enrolled 159 women with advanced OC, 77 (48.4%) of whom had a digestive resection. For 61.1% of the patients who underwent digestive resection, MLNs were examined and found to be positive in 56.8%. No statistically significant associations were found between MLN status and OS (p = 0.497) or PFS ((p = 0.659).

CONCLUSIONS: In anatomopathologic studies, MLNs are not systematically investigated but are frequently involved. In the current study, no statistically significant associations were found between MLN status and OS or PFS. Further prospective studies with a systematic and standardized approach should be performed to confirm these findings.

PMID:37865938 | DOI:10.1245/s10434-023-14405-3

Cell J. 2023 Oct 9;25(10):727-737. doi: 10.22074/cellj.2023.2004771.1329.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Varicocele is a common cause of male infertility, affecting a substantial proportion of infertile men. Recent studies have employed transcriptomic analysis to identify candidate genes that may be implicated in the pathogenesis of this condition. Accordingly, this study sought to leverage rat gene expression profiling, along with protein-protein interaction networks, to identify key regulatory genes, related pathways, and potentially effective drugs for the treatment of varicocele.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this in-silico study, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the testicular tissue of 3 rats were screened using the edgeR package in R software and the results were compared to 3 rats in the control group. Data was obtained from GSE139447. Setting a -1<LogFC>1 and P<0.05 as cutoff points for statistical significance, up and down-regulated genes were identified. Based on Cytoscape plugins, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were drawn, and hub genes were highlighted. ShinyGO was used for pathway enrichment. Finally, effective drugs were identified from the drug database.

RESULTS: Among the 1277 DEGs in this study, 677 genes were up-regulated while 600 genes were down-regulated in rats with varicocele compared to the control group. Using protein-protein interaction networks, we identified the top five up-regulated genes and the top five down-regulated genes. Enrichment analysis showed that the up-regulated genes were associated with the cell division cycle pathway, while the down-regulated genes were linked to the ribosome pathway. Notably, our findings suggested that dexamethasone may be a promising therapeutic option for individuals with varicocele.

CONCLUSION: The current investigation indicates that in varicocele the cell division cycle pathway is up-regulated while the ribosome pathway is down-regulated compared to controls. Based on these findings, dexamethasone could be considered a future candidate drug for the treatment of individuals with varicocele.

PMID:37865881 | DOI:10.22074/cellj.2023.2004771.1329

Cell J. 2023 Oct 1;25(10):688-695. doi: 10.22074/cellj.2023.1995943.1255.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Determining cellular radiosensitivity of breast cancer (BC) patients through molecular markers before radiation therapy (RT) allows accurate prediction of individual’s response to radiation. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the potential role of epigenetic biomarkers in breast cancer cellular radiosensitivity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this experimental study, we treated two BC cell lines, MDA-MB 231 and MCF-7, with doses of 2, 4, and 8Gy of irradiation for 24 and 48 hours. Expression levels of circ-HIPK3, circ-PVT1, miR-25, and miR- 149 were quantified using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Significance of the observations was statistically verified using one-way ANOVA with a significance level of P<0.05. Annexin V-FITC/PI binding assay was utilized to measure cellular apoptosis.

RESULTS: The rate of cell apoptosis was significantly higher in MCF-7 cells compared to MDA-MB-231 cells at doses of 4Gy and 8Gy (P=0.013 and P=0.004, respectively). RNA expression analysis showed that circ-HIPK3 was increased in the MDA-MB-231 cell line compared to the MCF-7 cell line after exposure to 8Gy for 48 hours. Expression of circ-PVT1 was found to be higher in MDA-MB-231 cells compared to MCF-7 cells after exposure to 8Gy for 24 hours, likewise after exposure to 4Gy and 8Gy for 48 hours. After exposing 8Gy, expression of miR-25 was increased in MDA-MB-231 cells compared to MCF-7 cells at 24 and 48 hours. After exposing 8Gy dose, expression of miR-149 was increased in MCF-7 cells compared to MDA-MB-231 cells at 24 and 48 hours.

CONCLUSION: circ-HIPK3, circ-PVT1, and miR-25 played crucial roles in the mechanisms of radioresistance in breast cancer. Additionally, miR-149 was involved in regulating cellular radiosensitivity. Therefore, these factors provided predictive information about a tumor’s radiosensitivity or its response to treatment, which could be valuable in personalizing radiation dosage.

PMID:37865877 | DOI:10.22074/cellj.2023.1995943.1255

Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener. 2023 Oct 22:1-9. doi: 10.1080/21678421.2023.2271517. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The Latin American Epidemiologic study of ALS (LAENALS) aims to gather data on ALS epidemiology, phenotype, and risk factors in Cuba, Chile, and Uruguay, to understand the impact of genetic and environmental factors on ALS.

METHODS: A harmonized data collection protocol was generated, and a Latin-American Spanish language Register was constructed. Patient data were collected in Uruguay in 2018, in Chile from 2017 to 2019, and in Cuba between 2017 and 2018. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0.0 software. Crude cumulative incidence, standardized incidence, and prevalence were calculated in the population aged 15 years and older.

RESULTS: During 2017-2019, 90 people with ALS from Uruguay (55.6% men), 219 from Chile (54.6% men), and 49 from Cuba (55.1% men) were included. The cumulative crude incidence in 2018 was 1.73/100,000 persons in Uruguay, 1.08 in Chile and 0.195 in Cuba. Crude prevalence in 2018 was 2.19 per 100,000 persons in Uruguay, 1.39 in Chile and 0.55 in Cuba. Mean age at onset was 61.8 ± 11.96 SD years in Uruguay, 61.9 ± 10.4 SD years in Chile, and 60.21 ± 12.45 SD years in Cuba (p = 0.75). Median survival from onset was 32.43 months (21.93 – 42.36) in Uruguay, 24 months (13.5 – 33.5) in Chile, and 29 months (15 – 42.5) in Cuba (p = 0.006).

CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary data from LAENALS confirm the lower incidence and prevalence of ALS in counties with admixed populations. The LAENALS database is now open to other Latin American countries for harmonized prospective data collection.

PMID:37865869 | DOI:10.1080/21678421.2023.2271517

Am J Dent. 2023 Oct;36(5):246-250.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare the accuracy and reliability of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and laser scanner in measuring minor volume changes such as the root canal space.

METHODS: 35 maxillary incisors were endodontically prepared. A dimensionally stable silicone material was injected into the root canal space and scanned with CBCT. The root canal volume was measured using Romexis 3.0.1 R software. Replicas were carefully removed from the teeth and scanned using an extraoral laser scanner. These images were exported to the Rhinoceros software for volume measurement. The volume of each replica was also assessed using the gravimetric method. To determine the accuracy, the volume obtained from both devices was compared with the gravimetric method. Statistical analysis was done using a paired t-test. The reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient.

RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the mean volume of CBCT 27.04 ± 7.25 mm³ and the mean volume of the gravimetric method 27.87 ± 7.17 mm³ (P< 0.05). A statistically significant difference was seen with the laser scanner at 25.31 ± 6.89 mm³ and the gravimetric method at 27.87 ± 7.17 mm³ (P< 0.05). CBCT showed a good degree of agreement (ICC 0.899), while the laser scanner showed a moderate degree of agreement (ICC 0.644) with the gravimetric method. CBCT proved accurate and reliable in measuring minor volumes like the root canal space, ideally in the range of 20-25 mm³. The laser scanner presented acceptable reliability.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The laboratory data showed satisfactory outcomes, providing an evidence-based approach and potentially motivating clinicians to integrate cone-beam computed tomography for volume analysis into clinical practice. The accuracy and reliability of laser scanners for small-volume analysis have not previously been evaluated. Consequently, the findings from this study warrant further clinical investigations.

PMID:37865812

Am J Dent. 2023 Oct;36(5):239-245.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the shear bond strengths (SBS) of permanent 3D-printed resin (PR) to primary dentin using different luting agents.

METHODS: 90 primary teeth were prepared. 45 cylinders (3 x 3 mm) were printed using PR, and 45 cylinders were milled using a Z block (to control). The cylinders were bonded to primary dentin by using three types of luting agent [glass-ionomer cement (GIC), resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC), and self-adhesive resin cement (SRC)]. The SBS values of the specimens were calculated, and the fracture modes were examined.

RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between the three different luting agents that were used to lute the PR to primary dentin (P< 0.001). Changing the material (PR or Z) did not affect the SBS values of the luting agents (P> 0.05). The adhesive failure between cement and dentin in the PR-SRC group was significantly higher than the other groups (P< 0.001). The SBS values of the newly developed PR to primary dentin with RMGIC and SRC were similar, but GIC showed lower values than the others.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This laboratory study suggests that bond strength of the permanent 3D-printed resin can be like that of zirconia. As the resin-modified glass-ionomer cement and self-adhesive resin cement showed higher bond strength to primary teeth making the 3D-printed resin a treatment option.

PMID:37865811

Am J Dent. 2023 Oct;36(5):233-238.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a calcium phosphate-containing-desensitizer (Teethmate Desensitizer – TD), caries type, subject age, and preoperative hypersensitivity on postoperative sensitivity (POS) after composite restorations on deep or extremely deep lesions.

METHODS: 50 subjects, having two teeth with deep or extremely deep caries, participated in this study. TD was applied randomly to one tooth of each participant, and all teeth were restored with composite resin (Filtek Z250). After 1 week, POS was evaluated according to NRS (numerical rating scale) and VAS (visual analogue scale) by using participant diaries. At 6 weeks, POS was assessed considering subjects’ reports. The normality of data was analyzed with Shapiro-Wilk test. For analyses, Pearson’s chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U and the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test were used, and the effect sizes (ES) were calculated (α= 0.05).

RESULTS: 47 of the participants completed the 6-week study. There was a small effect size noted for TD for NRS and VAS (P> 0.05, ES < 0.30). Also, there was no statistically significant difference between POS and subject age (P= 0.294, ES= 0.161), type of caries (P= 0.680, ES= 0.042) and preoperative sensitivity (P= 1.000, ES= 0.138) after the first week.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Teethmate Desensitizer had no significant effect on postoperative sensitivity occurrence with respect to caries type, subject age, and existence of preoperative sensitivity. The application of Teethmate Desensitizer demonstrated no significant relieving effect on postoperative sensitivity in deep or extremely deep cavities.

PMID:37865810

Am J Dent. 2023 Oct;36(5):227-232.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate staining- and aging-dependent changes in the color and translucency of 3D-printed resin-modified ceramics (RMC).

METHODS: Specimens (n= 5 per condition and material) were fabricated from test materials: Permanent Crown Resin (PCR), Crowntec (CT), Vita Enamic (VE) and Tetric CAD (TC). Specimens were stained in wine, coffee, tea, and water (control) and exposed to artificial accelerated aging (AAA). Color measurements were obtained using a spectrophotometer at baseline (T0) and at 3.5 (T1) and 7 (T2) days after immersion. For AAA, measurements were obtained at baseline (T0) and after exposure to controlled irradiance of 150 kJ/m² (T1) and 300 kJ/m² (T2). Mean and standard deviations were calculated on CIEDE2000 color differences (ΔE₀₀), translucency parameter (TP₀₀) and treatment-dependent changes in the translucency parameter (ΔTP₀ ₀). Differences between materials and test conditions were tested by one-way ANOVA (α= 0.05). Results were additionally interpreted using visual color difference thresholds in dentistry ΔE₀₀= 0.8 for the 50:50 perceptibility threshold (PT) and ΔE₀₀= 1.8 for the 50:50 acceptability threshold (AT). ΔTP₀₀ values were interpreted using 5058;50 TPT₀₀= 0.6 and 50:0% TAT₀₀= 2.6.

RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found among the materials when exposed to the different test conditions. At the T0-T1 time interval, the highest color difference was found with wine (0.1-2.2) on all materials except CT, which showed the highest ΔE₀₀ with AAA (2.5). The second highest color differences were obtained upon exposure to AAA (0.2-2.5) and tea (0.5-1.1). The TP₀₀ at baseline ranged from 5.1 to 9.8. Significant differences in ΔTP₀₀ were found among the tested materials and staining/aging conditions, but no significant differences were found among the staining/aging intervals (T0-T1, T0-T2 and T1-T2).

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Staining- and artificial aging-dependent changes of 3D-printed and milled resin modified ceramics used for definitive restorations could represent a challenge in terms of restoration acceptability or dissatisfaction. Staining and aging conditions produced significant color changes, while translucency changes were not significant.

PMID:37865809

Am J Dent. 2023 Oct;36(5):222-226.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the capacity of highly opaque cements on masking titanium abutment background.

METHODS: Dentin and titanium specimens were used to simulate respectively, a natural dental background and an implant abutment. To simulate the full-crowns, Y-TZP zirconia (ZC), lithium disilicate (LD), and resin composite (RC) blocks were used. The titanium specimens were divided into six cementation groups (n=10): two regular cements (BQM and RX); three opaque cements (MHA; VA and BHA); and a clear liquid (CL). The masking capacity of each cement was calculated as the color difference between the color of the crowns over dentin with clear liquid (reference) and the color of the crowns over the titanium with the different cements (ΔEab). Data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (α= 0.05).

RESULTS: Significant differences (P= 0.0001) were observed for both factors, cement and crown, and for the interactions between them. The results of Tukey test for cement were: BHA-2.25(0.98), MHA-2.94 (1.03), VA-3.45 (1.67), BQM-9.55 (2.77), RX-9.88 (3.12), CL-10.41 (3.47). The cements BHA, MHA and VA showed significantly smaller means than BQM, RX and CL. The results for crown were: ZC-3.66 (2.37), LD-7.50 (4.08), RC-8.08 (4.67). The means for all crown materials were significantly different. Highly opaque cements were more efficient on background masking than regular cements. Zirconia promoted the higher color masking while the resin composite the lowest.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The use of a highly opaque cement can reduce the color interference of the titanium abutment background, favoring the esthetic outcome of metal-free cemented crowns.

PMID:37865808

World J Surg Oncol. 2023 Oct 21;21(1):332. doi: 10.1186/s12957-023-03229-w.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To stratify patients with copy-number low (CNL) endometrial cancer (EC) by clinicopathological characteristics.

METHODS: EC patients who underwent surgery between June 2018 and June 2022 at Peking University People’s Hospital were included and further classified according to TCGA molecular subtyping: POLE ultramutated, microsatellite instability high (MSI-H), CNL, and copy-number high (CNH). Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of CNL patients were retrospectively reviewed. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied to perform univariate and multivariate analysis, and independent risk factors were identified. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) according to overall survival (OS) were screened based on the transcriptome of CNL cases from the TCGA program. Finally, a nomogram was established, with an accuracy analysis performed.

RESULTS: (1) A total of 279 EC patients were included, of whom 168 (60.2%) were in the CNL group. A total of 21 patients had recurrence and 6 patients deceased, and no significant difference in recurrence-free survival (RFS) was exhibited among the four molecular subtypes (P = 0.104), but that in overall survival (OS) was statistically significant (P = 0.036). (2) CNL patients were divided into recurrence and non-recurrence groups, and significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between the two groups in terms of pathological subtype, FIGO stage, ER, PR, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). All the above factors were included in univariate and multivariate Cox regression models, among which pathological subtype, PR, and HDL-C were statistically different (P < 0.05), resulting in three independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients in the CNL group. (3) By comparing the transcriptome of tumor tissues between living and deceased CNL patients from the TCGA database, 903 (4.4%) DEGs were screened, with four lipid metabolism pathways significantly enriched. Finally, a nomogram was established, and internal cross-validation was performed, showing good discrimination accuracy with an AUC of 0.831 and a C-index of 0.748 (95% CI 0.444-1.052). (4) According to the established nomogram and the median total score (85.89), patients were divided into the high score group (n = 85) and low score group (n = 83), and the 8 patients with recurrence were all in the high score group. Survival analysis was performed between the two groups, and the difference in RFS was statistically significant (P = 0.010).

CONCLUSION: In the CNL group of EC patients, pathological subtype, PR, and HDL-C were independent prognostic risk factors, the nomogram established based upon which had a good predictive ability for the recurrence risk of patients with CNL EC.

PMID:37865800 | DOI:10.1186/s12957-023-03229-w