Category: Nevin Manimala

Disabil Rehabil. 2023 Feb 20:1-7. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2180545. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate if the responses to the Neck Disability Index (NDI) may produce some differential item functioning (DIF) comparing men and women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Register-based study among patients undergoing cervical surgery. Item response theory (IRT) analysis including a model for detecting a DIF.

RESULTS: Of 338 patients, 171 (51%) were women and 167 (49%) were men. The mean age was 54.0 years. For most of the items, the average level of disability in a studied sample was associated with the middle point of the scale. The ability to distinguish people with different levels of disability was high or perfect for seven out of 10 items. While the DIF could be seen for all 10 items, only three items demonstrated statistically significant DIF – “pain intensity”, “headaches” and “recreation”. While the other seven items did not show statistically significant DIFs, better discrimination (steeper curves) for women could be graphically observed for “personal care”, “lifting”, “work”, “driving” and “sleeping”.

CONCLUSIONS: It seemed that the NDI may behave differently depending on the sex of respondents. Several items of the NDI may be more precise and more sensitive when detecting restrictions in functioning among women compared to men. This finding should be taken into account when using the NDI in research and clinical practice.Implications for RehabilitationWhile the Neck Disability Index have been found to be a reliable and valid scale, potential differences in its properties across different sexes have mostly remained uninvestigated.This study showed that the Neck Disability Index may behave differently depending on the sex of respondents.Several items of the Neck Disability Index were more precise and sensitive when detecting restrictions in functioning among women compared to men.This difference should be taken into account when using the NDI in research and clinical practice.

PMID:36803260 | DOI:10.1080/09638288.2023.2180545

Drug Deliv. 2023 Dec;30(1):2181747. doi: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2181747.

ABSTRACT

Repaglinide (RPG), a monotherapy insulin secretagogue used to treat diabetes mellitus-type II yet, it suffers from poor water solubility and variable bioavailability (∼ 50%) due to hepatic first pass metabolism. In this study, 2FI I-Optimal statistical design was employed to encapsulate RPG into niosomal formulations using cholesterol,span 60 and peceol^TM. The optimized niosomal formulation (ONF) showed particle size 306.60 ± 84.00 nm, zeta potential -38.60 ± 1.20 mV, polydispersity index 0.48 ± 0.05 and entrapment efficiency 92.00 ± 2.60%. ONF showed > 65% RPG release that lasted for 3.5 h, and significantly higher sustained release compared to Novonorm® tablets after 6 h (p < 0.0001). TEM for ONF showed spherical vesicles with dark core and light-colored lipid bilayer membrane. RPG peaks disappeared in FTIR confirming successful RPG entrapment. To eliminate dysphagia associating conventional oral tablets, chewable tablets loaded with ONF were prepared using coprocessed excipients; Pharmaburst^® 500, F-melt^® and Prosolv^® ODT. Tablets showed friability <1%, hardness 3.9 ± 0.423-4.7 ± 0.410 Kg, thickness 4.1 ± 0.045-4.4 ± 0.017 mm and acceptable weight.All tablets showed robust RPG release at 30 min compared to Novonorm^® tablets. At 6h, chewable tablets containing only Pharmaburst^® 500 and F-melt^® showed sustained and significantly increased RPG release compared to Novonorm^® tablets (p < 0.05). Pharmaburst^® 500 and F-melt^® tablets showed rapid in vivo hypoglycemic effect with 5 and 3.5 fold significant reduction in blood glucose compared to Novonorm^® tablets (p < 0.05) at 30 min. Also, at 6h the same tablets showed 1.5 and 1.3 fold significant extended reduction in blood glucose compared to the same market product (p < 0.05). It could be concluded that chewable tablets loaded with RPG ONF represent promising novel oral drug delivery systems for diabetic patients suffering from dysphagia.

PMID:36803255 | DOI:10.1080/10717544.2023.2181747

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2023 Feb 21:1-7. doi: 10.3928/01913913-20230119-01. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To assess the relationship between posterior capsulotomy size and significant visual axis opacification (VAO) in congenital and developmental cataract.

METHODS: The charts of children aged 7 years and younger who underwent cataract surgery including primary posterior capsulotomy (PPC) and limited anterior vitrectomy between 2012 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Eyes with PPC size smaller than the anterior capsulotomy size were considered as group 1. Eyes with PPC size larger than the anterior capsulotomy size were considered as group 2. Clinical characteristics, the need for Nd:YAG laser treatment or further surgery for significant VAO, and other postoperative complications were compared between the groups.

RESULTS: Sixty eyes of 41 children were included in the study. The median age at the time of surgery was 5.5 and 3 years in groups 1 and 2, respectively (P = .076). Primary intraocular lens implantation was performed in 23 (85.2%) eyes in group 1 and 25 (75.8%) eyes in group 2 (P = .364). There was no difference between the groups in terms of postoperative visual acuity (P = .983) and refractive errors (P = .154). Eight (29.6%) pseudophakic eyes received Nd:YAG laser treatment in group 1, but none of the eyes in group 2 (P = .001). Four (14.8%) eyes in group 1 and 1 (3%) eye in group 2 underwent further surgery for VAO (P = .100). The need for further intervention for significant VAO was statistically higher in group 1 (44.4% vs 3%, P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS: Larger PPC size in pediatric cataract may reduce the need for further intervention for significant VAO. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 20XX;X(X):XX-XX.].

PMID:36803243 | DOI:10.3928/01913913-20230119-01

Blood Press. 2023 Dec;32(1):2179337. doi: 10.1080/08037051.2023.2179337.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To identify modifiable risk factors in early midlife associated with incident hypertension 26 years later in women and men.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used data from 1025 women and 703 men in the community-based Hordaland Health Study examined at the mean age of 42 years (baseline) and after a 26-year follow-up. Patients with hypertension at baseline were excluded. Blood pressure (BP) was classified according to European guidelines. Factors associated with incident hypertension were identified in logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS: At baseline, women had a lower average BP and a lower prevalence of high-normal BP (19% vs 37%, p < .05). Overall, 39% of women and 45% of men developed hypertension during follow-up (p < .05). Among those with high-normal BP at baseline, 72% of women and 58% of men developed hypertension (p < .01). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, high-normal BP at baseline was a stronger predictor of incident hypertension in women (odds ratio, OR 4.8, [95% confidence interval, CI 3.4-6.9]) than in men (OR 2.1, [95% CI 1.5-2.8]), p < .01 for sex interaction. A higher baseline body mass index (BMI) was associated with incident hypertension in both sexes.

CONCLUSIONS: High-normal BP in midlife is a stronger risk factor for developing hypertension 26 years later in women than in men, independent of BMI.

PMID:36803236 | DOI:10.1080/08037051.2023.2179337

BMC Neurol. 2023 Feb 21;23(1):79. doi: 10.1186/s12883-023-03110-z.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Prognosis after vertebrobasilar stenting (VBS) may differ from that after carotid artery stenting (CAS). Here, we directly compared the incidence and predictors of in-stent restenosis and stented-territory infarction after VBS and compared them with those of CAS.

METHODS: We enrolled patients who underwent VBS or CAS. Clinical variables and procedure-related factors were obtained. During the 3 years of follow-up, in-stent restenosis and infarction were investigated in each group. In-stent restenosis was defined as reduction in the lumen diameter > 50% compared with that after stenting. Factors associated with the occurrence of in-stent restenosis and stented-territory infarction in VBS and CAS were compared.

RESULTS: Among 417 stent insertions (93 VBS and 324 CAS), there was no statistical difference in in-stent restenosis between VBS and CAS (12.9% vs. 6.8%, P = 0.092). However, stented-territory infarction was more frequently observed in VBS than in CAS (22.6% vs. 10.8%; P = 0.006), especially a month after stent insertion. HbA1c level, clopidogrel resistance, and multiple stents in VBS and young age in CAS increased the risk of in-stent restenosis. Diabetes (3.82 [1.24-11.7]) and multiple stents (22.4 [2.4-206.4]) were associated with stented-territory infarction in VBS. However, in-stent restenosis (odds ratio: 15.1, 95% confidence interval: 3.17-72.2) was associated with stented-territory infarction in CAS.

CONCLUSIONS: Stented-territory infarction occurred more frequently in VBS, especially after the periprocedural period. In-stent restenosis was associated with stented-territory infarction after CAS, but not in VBS. The mechanism of stented-territory infarction after VBS may be different from that after CAS.

PMID:36803229 | DOI:10.1186/s12883-023-03110-z

BMC Geriatr. 2023 Feb 20;23(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s12877-023-03822-4.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The incidence of colorectal cancer increases with aging. Curative-intent surgery based on a minimally invasive concept is expected to bring survival benefits to elderly patients (aged over 80 years) with colorectal cancer who are frequently with fragile health status and advanced tumors. The study explored survival outcomes in this patient population who received robotic or laparoscopic surgery and aimed to identify an optimal surgical option for those patients.

METHODS: We retrieved the clinical materials and follow-up data on elderly patients with colorectal carcinoma who received robotic or laparoscopic surgery in our institution. The pathological and surgical outcomes were compared to examine the efficacy and safety of the two approaches. The DFS (disease-free survival) and OS (overall survival) results at 3 years after surgery were assessed to explore the survival benefits.

RESULTS: A total of 111 patients were screened for the study, including 55 in the robotic group and 56 in the laparoscopic group. The demographic details were generally similar between the two groups. No statistically significant difference in the number of removed lymph nodes was observed between the two approaches, with a median of 15 versus 14 (P = 0.053). The intraoperative blood loss was significantly reduced by robotic technique when compared to the laparoscopic approach, with a mean of 76.9 ml versus 161.6 ml (P = 0.025). There were no significant differences in operation time, conversion, postoperative complications and recovery, and long-term outcomes between the two groups.

CONCLUSION: Robotic surgery was prized for elderly patients with colorectal cancer who developed anemia and/or hematological conditions.

PMID:36803225 | DOI:10.1186/s12877-023-03822-4

Anim Biotechnol. 2023 Feb 20:1-11. doi: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2176867. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Bovine prolactin (PRL) gene is essential for the initiation and maintenance of lactation and exerts multiple effects on mammary alveoli to promote the synthesis and secretion of major components of milk. The objectives of this study were to identify mutations in PRL gene and to evaluate the mutations as potential markers of milk performance traits in cattle populations of Ethiopia. For this purpose, genomic DNA from whole blood was extracted through salting out procedure from 87 animals of five cattle populations of Ethiopia. Accordingly, three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified of which one SNP g.8323T > A showed missense mutation while the other two SNPs revealed silent mutations. F_ST values showed statistically significant genetic differentiation among the studied populations. Intermediate polymorphic information content was noted for most SNPs, which indicates the presence of sufficient genetic variation at this locus. Two SNPs showed heterozygote deficiency as a result of positive F_IS values. Only g.8398A > G SNP have statistically significant (p < 0.05) effect on average daily milk yield, fat and solid not fat percentage in all studied cattle populations. Therefore, g.8398A > G SNP identified in this study influences cattle milk production and may be used as possible candidate SNP for marker-assisted selection programs in cattle populations of Ethiopia.

PMID:36803222 | DOI:10.1080/10495398.2023.2176867

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Aug 31;68(8):13-21. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2022.68.8.3.

ABSTRACT

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system. In different studies, it has been investigated that boric acid has positive effects on different mechanisms that are important in PD. The aim of our study was to investigate the pharmacological, behavioral and biochemical effects of boric acid on rats with experimental PD with Rotenone. For this purpose, Wistar-albino rats were divided into 6 groups. Only normal saline was applied subcutaneously (s.c) to the first control and sunflower oil to the second control group. Rotenone was administered (s.c) to 4 groups (groups 3-6) at a dose of 2 mg/kg for 21 days. Only rotenone (2mg/kg, s.c) was administered to the third group. Boric acid was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) at 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, and 20 mg/kg to groups 4, 5, and 6, respectively. During the study, behavioral tests were applied to the rats, and then histopathological and biochemical analyzes were performed from the sacrificed tissues. According to the data obtained, a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was observed between the Parkinson’s group and the other groups in motor behavior tests, excluding the catalepsy test. Boric acid exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant activity. As a result of the histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) examination, a decrease in neuronal degeneration was observed at the increasing doses of boric acid, while gliosis and focal encephalomalacia were rarely encountered. There was a significant increase in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity, especially in group 6, with a dose of 20 mg/kg of boric acid. From these results, we conclude that the dose-dependent effect of boric acid may protect the dopaminergic system with antioxidant activity in the pathogenesis of PD. However, the effectiveness of boric acid on PD needs further investigation in a larger, more detailed study using different methods.

PMID:36800846 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2022.68.8.3

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Aug 31;68(8):74-78. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2022.68.8.13.

ABSTRACT

The expressions of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) in T4 rectal cancer tissues and surrounding metastatic lymph nodes were analyzed and correlated with prognosis. For this purpose, ninety-eight patients with T4 rectal cancer treated in our hospital from July 2021 to July 2022 were selected, and surgically resected rectal cancer tissues as well as para carcinoma tissue samples, and surrounding metastatic lymph node tissues were obtained from all patients. Analysis of PD-L1 and PD-1 expression in rectal cancer tissues as well as in adjacent tissue specimens and surrounding metastatic lymph node tissues were performed using immunohistochemical staining. PD-L1 and PD-1 expression were analyzed in relation to lymph node metastasis, maximum tumor diameter, as well as histological analysis, and the relationship between the two and prognosis was analyzed. Immunohistochemistry for PD-L1, PD-1 revealed that both proteins were expressed in association with the target cytoplasm as well as within the cell membrane; The number of cases with positive expression of PD-L1 and PD-1 in cancer tissues was significantly higher than the number of cases with expression in adjacent tissues, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05); The expression rates of PD-L1, PD-1 in poor expression in progression-free survival as well as in progression survival were significantly higher than those in medium and high expression with statistical significance (P < 0.05); Compared with patients without lymph node metastasis, patients with T4 rectal cancer with lymph node metastasis had a higher number of cases with high expression levels of PD-L1 and PD-1 proteins, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); PD-L1 and PD-1 in T4 stage rectal cancer prognosis is closely related, distant metastasis as well as lymph node metastasis has a greater effect on PD-L1 and PD-1. PD-L1 and PD-1 showed abnormal expression in T4 rectal cancer tissues as well as in surrounding metastatic lymph nodes, and PD-L1 and PD-1 were closely related to prognosis in T4 rectal cancer, distant metastasis, as well as lymph node metastasis had a greater effect on PD-L1 and PD-1. Its detection is able to provide a certain data reference for the prognosis of T4 rectal cancer.

PMID:36800834 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2022.68.8.13

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Aug 31;68(8):87-91. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2022.68.8.15.

ABSTRACT

C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-15 (ll-15) expression and prognostic relevance were analyzed in patients with postoperative infection due to spinal injury. For this purpose, a total of 169 cases of spinal injury patients who underwent surgical treatment from July 2021 to July 2022 were selected, and the patients were divided into the uninfected group (148 cases), infected group (21 cases) according to the presence or absence of infection after surgery. Looking at the site of infection in both groups, the levels of CRP, PCT, and ll-15 in the two groups were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the expression of the three in postoperative infection of spinal injury and the correlation with prognosis were analyzed. Results showed that compared with the uninfected group, the infected group had higher levels of CRP, PCT, and ll-15, which were different (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the CRP levels between the superficial infection of the incision and the deep infection of the incision as well as other systemic infection populations at 1 d after surgery (P >0.05). CRP levels were higher in the group with deep infection of the incision as well as other systemic infections compared to the group with superficial infection at 3D and 7d after surgery (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the level of PCT between patients with superficial infection of the incision and those with deep infection of the incision as well as other systemic infections at 1 d after surgery (P > 0.05). The level of PCT was higher in the population with deep infection of incision as well as other systemic infections compared to the population with superficial infection at 3D and 7d after the operation (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of ll-15 between patients with superficial infection of the incision and those with deep infection of the incision as well as other systemic infections at 1 D postoperatively (P>0.05). At 3D and 7d postoperatively, compared to the population with superficial incisions, the population with deep incisions as well as other systemic infections had higher levels of ll-15 with statistical significance (P < 0.05). CRP and PCT showed a positive correlation (r=7.192, P=0.001). CRP, ll-15 showed a positive correlation (r = 5.231, P = 0.001). PCT, ll-15 showed a positive correlation (r=9.029, P=0.001). CRP, PCT, ll-15 levels are closely related to postoperative infection in spinal injury. CRP, PCT, ll-15 showed high expression in postoperative infection of spinal injury and compared with the infection of the superficial part of the incision, the infection of the deep part of the incision, other systems have higher levels of CRP, PCT, ll-15. Moreover, CRP, PCT, and ll-15 were significantly associated with prognosis.

PMID:36800831 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2022.68.8.15