Eur Geriatr Med. 2025 Jun 4. doi: 10.1007/s41999-025-01249-1. Online ahead of print.
NO ABSTRACT
PMID:40465142 | DOI:10.1007/s41999-025-01249-1
Phys Eng Sci Med. 2025 Jun 4. doi: 10.1007/s13246-025-01573-7. Online ahead of print.
NO ABSTRACT
PMID:40465136 | DOI:10.1007/s13246-025-01573-7
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2025 Jun 4. doi: 10.1007/s40368-025-01054-1. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This cross-sectional epidemiological study aimed to provide population-based data on hypersensitivity associated with molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) in 8- to 10-year-olds from Bavaria, Germany. It was hypothesized that hypersensitivity would be equally distributed among MIH teeth.
METHODS: A total of 5418 schoolchildren (8-10 years) were examined using the MIH criteria of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) and the MIH Treatment Need Index (MIH-TNI). MIH-TNI 1 was linked with mild MIH; MIH-TNI 2-4 corresponded to severe MIH. Hypersensitivity was recorded dichotomously (yes/no) after a two-second, 2.8-bar air blast (Schiff test). Descriptive statistics and a mixed-effects logistic regression model-adjusted for age, sex, region, tooth type, and caries status-explored hypersensitivity in MIH-affected teeth.
RESULTS: The MIH prevalence was 17.5% (n = 945). In this group, 9.8% of the children showed hypersensitivity in at least one tooth; 5.6% of all MIH-affected teeth were hypersensitive. Nearly half of the MIH-affected children (49.7%) presented severe MIH-TNI findings; MIH-TNI 2 was the most frequent finding (39.9%). Regression analyses indicated that demarcated opacities were significantly less likely to be associated with hypersensitivity (aOR = 0.054, p < 0.001). However, enamel breakdown did not show a significant association with hypersensitivity (aOR = 0.853, p = 0.693).
CONCLUSION: Although MIH was relatively common, overall hypersensitivity rates were low. Demarcated opacities were significantly less prone to hypersensitivity, yet enamel breakdown did not significantly differ from healthy teeth. Further standardised epidemiological research is needed to clarify variations in hypersensitivity rates and explore additional risk factors, e.g., breakdown depth or defect extension.
PMID:40465132 | DOI:10.1007/s40368-025-01054-1
J Fluoresc. 2025 Jun 4. doi: 10.1007/s10895-025-04380-1. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
In this study, Schiff base was synthesized under condensation reaction and thoroughly characterized using 1H and 13C NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Structural analysis revealed that these compounds predominantly exist in the E-conformation, stabilized by an intramolecular six-membered-ring hydrogen bond. Notably, chloro-functionalized Schiff bases exhibit an additional weak intramolecular C-H···Cl hydrogen bond. Photophysical studies indicate that compounds 2AM24Cl and SA2AM exclusively exhibit long-wavelength emission. Furthermore, the geometric structures, FMOs, and absorption spectrum were elucidated using DFT and TD-DFT calculations. The FMO study calculated energy gaps are 3.54 eV and 3.65 eV for 2AM24CL and SA2AM, respectively. The compounds 2AM24Cl and SA2AM show a good emission (fluorescence) spectrum, it good matched in theoretical fluorescence spectrum. Electron density distribution was visualized through color-mapped representations. Molecular docking studies demonstrated significant interactions between these Schiff base derivatives and amino acid residues, reinforcing their potential biological relevance. The 2AM24CL compound’s lowest binding energy is -5.45 kcal/mol and the SA2AM compound’s lowest binding energy is -5.66 kcal/mol, with an inhibition constant is 101.54 μm for 2AM24Cl and 71.33 μm for SA2AM, respectively.
PMID:40465120 | DOI:10.1007/s10895-025-04380-1
Mol Biol Rep. 2025 Jun 4;52(1):548. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-10631-y.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a multifactorial disorder, with unexplained causes in 50% of cases, and immune system involvement is suspected. The decidua, a maternal-fetal interface, requires immune cells such as B cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells for a healthy pregnancy. OX40L, expressed in these cells, plays a crucial immune regulatory role. Variations in OX40L (rs1234314 and rs844648) have not yet been studied in RPL patients.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the association of these polymorphisms (rs1234314 and rs844648) with RPL in a Turkish population sample and is the first to do so in this regard.
METHODS: A genetic case-control study was conducted with 195 women who had a history of two or more miscarriages. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between the RPL group and 135 control women.
RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were observed in allele frequencies for rs1234314 and rs844648 between the RPL and control populations. However, AA carriers of the rs844648 polymorphism were associated with a reduced risk of recurrent pregnancy loss in the recessive model (OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.11-3.89, p = 0.02).
CONCLUSION: This study is the first to examine the genetic association of rs1234314 and rs844648 SNPs of OX40L with RPL in a Turkish population. The significant association of the rs844648 AA genotype with a decreased risk of RPL suggests that this variant may play an important role as a protective factor against RPL, potentially through mechanisms related to immune regulation.
PMID:40465113 | DOI:10.1007/s11033-025-10631-y
Health Care Manag Sci. 2025 Jun 4. doi: 10.1007/s10729-025-09712-y. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the primary reasons for death worldwide. These diseases often occur due to the occlusion of coronary arteries, thereby leading to insufficient blood and oxygen supply that damages cardiac muscle cells. Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals which reflect heart electrical activity are being used for diagnosing various cardiac diseases. Typically, a standard ECG consists of 12 channels referred to as leads which enable practitioners to monitor heartbeats through different channels where each heartbeat lasts approximately 600 ms. The majority of studies focus on the classification and early diagnosis of arrhythmias. Although the current studies on change-point methods have acquired massive accuracy in detecting potential shifts during a multi-channel process, they lack flexibility in manually assigning more weights to the channels, which are of more importance for experts. This could be addressed by implementing the weighted multivariate functional principal component analysis (WMFPCA). The objective of this study is to develop a novel change-point detection method to monitor long-term cardiovascular treatment. A third-order tensor structure was employed to represent the 12-lead ECG data in three dimensions (beats × samples × leads). Exploiting intra-beat, inter-beat, and inter-lead correlations along with channel significance in the third-order tensor, the WMFPCA is incorporated into Hotelling’s T 2 statistic to construct monitoring schemes. Simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms the existing methods in monitoring multi-channel processes. Finally, applying the suggested model on a real-world dataset containing Myocardial Infarction (MI) subjects verifies the model.
PMID:40465102 | DOI:10.1007/s10729-025-09712-y
Clin Exp Nephrol. 2025 Jun 4. doi: 10.1007/s10157-025-02709-5. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Membranous lupus nephritis (MLN), a distinct subtype of lupus nephritis (LN), is generally associated with more favorable outcomes than proliferative LN (PLN). However, clinical data regarding pure MLN are limited. We investigated the prognosis of patients with pure MLN in Japan.
METHODS: We performed a sub-analysis of a previously reported nationwide retrospective cohort study of patients with LN in Japan. This study included patients who underwent renal biopsy between 2007 and 2012. Patients with pure MLN (Class V, n = 90) were compared to those with PLN (Class III/IV ± V, n = 362) over a median follow-up period of 5 years. The primary outcome was defined as a 50% increase in serum creatinine (S-Cr) levels.
RESULTS: The renal and patient outcomes of the pure MLN and PLN groups were as follows: A ≥ 50% increase in S-Cr occurred in 12.2 vs. 16.3% of patients. Doubling of S-Cr or progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) occurred in 4.4 vs. 8.6%, ESKD alone in 2.2 vs. 3.0%, and all-cause mortality in 7.9 vs. 5.5%. After adjusting for age, sex, baseline renal function, proteinuria, and the use of mycophenolate mofetil or intravenous cyclophosphamide, no significant differences in renal outcomes were observed between groups (hazard ratio 0.564; 95% confidence interval 0.272-1.170; P = 0.124).
CONCLUSION: In this nationwide Japanese cohort, no statistically significant differences in renal outcomes were observed between pure MLN and PLN. Further research is needed to explore strategies to improve outcomes in pure MLN.
PMID:40465063 | DOI:10.1007/s10157-025-02709-5
J Neurol. 2025 Jun 4;272(6):445. doi: 10.1007/s00415-025-13189-8.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have significantly improved the management of multiple sclerosis (MS), but their potential nervous system adverse events (AEs) remain a critical concern. This study aims to evaluate the risk of nervous system AEs associated with 11 DMTs using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database, following the READUS-PV guidelines.
METHODS: We performed a disproportionality analysis on FAERS data from Q1 2004 to Q3 2024, focusing on nervous system AEs related to DMTs, such as Alemtuzumab (AL), Ofatumumab (OF), Ocrelizumab (OC), and Fingolimod (FI). Using disproportionality analysis and Bayesian methods, we identified signals of these AEs. We also conducted subgroup analyses across age, gender, weight, geographic regions, and outcomes to assess AE distribution. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was done to evaluate the consistency of the association between DMTs and nervous system AEs across severities. The time to onset and clinical characteristics of AEs were examined as well.
RESULTS: Among 245,469 nervous system AE reports, Siponimod (SI), Natalizumab (NA), FI, and Teriflunomide (TE) exhibited the highest signal values (ROR > 3.0), with SI showing the strongest association [ROR = 3.44, 95% CI (3.34-3.55)]. Females accounted for 76.0% of nervous system AEs, and severe AEs such as central nervous system lesions (mortality rate: 0.97%) and cognitive disorders (mortality rate: 0.94%) were detected. The median time to onset of AEs varied significantly across DMTs, ranging from 14 days for AL to 816 days for Interferon Beta-1a (IN). Subgroup analyses highlighted variations in AE reporting across different demographics and geographic regions. The sensitivity analysis further confirmed the robustness of our findings, indicating consistent associations between DMTs and severe nervous system AEs.
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights significant differences in the nervous system AEs profiles of DMTs, with SI, NA, FI, and TE showing higher risks of nervous system AEs. These findings underscore the importance of vigilant monitoring and personalized treatment strategies to mitigate nervous system risks in MS patients. Further research is needed to confirm these associations and investigate the mechanisms that underlie them.
PMID:40465056 | DOI:10.1007/s00415-025-13189-8
Curr Mol Med. 2025 Jun 3. doi: 10.2174/0115665240361878250601074746. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Leukemia is marked by clonal hematopoietic stem cell expansion and metabolic reprogramming. The BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine has been proven effective, though questions remain about its broader physiological effects. This study investigates metabolomic alterations in leukemic bone marrow potentially associated with BNT162b2 vaccination.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the bone marrow metabolomic profiles of leukemia patients with and without BNT162b2 vaccination, and healthy unvaccinated controls, to explore potential metabolic differences.
METHODS: Bone marrow samples were obtained from three groups: vaccinated leukemia patients (n=7), unvaccinated leukemia patients without COVID-19 history (n=2), and unvaccinated healthy controls (n=7). Untargeted metabolomics was performed using LC-QTOF-MS. Data were analyzed using XCMS and MetaboAnalyst 5.0 to identify statistically significant metabolite differences and affected pathways. Fold change >1.5 and p<0.05 were considered significant.
RESULTS: Distinct metabolic profiles were observed between the leukemia and control groups. Increased glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway activity, and altered tryptophan, lipid, and heme metabolism were noted in leukemia samples. Metabolic changes in vaccinated patients (ASL) were more similar to unvaccinated leukemia patients (LO) than to healthy controls, with minor vaccine-associated variations. Notable metabolites included 5-methoxyindoleacetate, phosphorylcholine, and tetrahydrofolic acid.
CONCLUSION: This preliminary study identified altered metabolic pathways in leukemia bone marrow and suggests metabolomic differences associated with BNT162b2 vaccination. While the findings do not support a causal link between mRNA vaccination and leukemia development, they highlight the need for further studies to understand vaccine-induced metabolic modulation in hematological contexts.
PMID:40464175 | DOI:10.2174/0115665240361878250601074746
Curr Med Imaging. 2025 Jun 3. doi: 10.2174/0115734056343395250526140343. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) is often overlooked and can progress to severe diabetesinduced pulmonary fibrosis (DiPF). Therefore, early diagnosis of T2DM complicated with ILAs is crucial. Chest computed tomography (CT) is an important method for diagnosing T2DM complicated with ILAs. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) is more objective and accurate than visual assessment on CT. However, there are currently limited studies on T2DM complicated with ILAs based on quantitative CT.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the utility of quantitative computed tomography for early detection of lung injury in individuals with T2DM by examining CT-derived metrics in T2DM complicated with ILAs.
METHODS: We collected data from 135 T2DM complicated with ILAs on chest CT scans retrospectively, alongside 135 non-diabetic controls with normal CT findings. Employing digital lung software, chest CT images were processed to extract quantitative parameters: total lung volume (TLV), emphysema index (LAA-950%, the percentage of lung area with attenuation < -950 Hu to total lung volume), pulmonary fibrosis index (LAA-700~-200%, the percentage of lung area with attenuation from -700Hu to -200 Hu to the total lung volume), and pulmonary peripheral vascular index (ratio TAV/TNV, the number of blood vessels TNV, the cross-sectional area of blood vessels TAV). Statistical comparisons between groups utilized Mann-Whitney U or t-tests. Correlations between Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and CT parameters were assessed via Pearson or Spearman correlations. Parameters showing statistical significance were further examined through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.
RESULTS: The T2DM-ILAs cohort displayed a significantly higher LAA-700~-200% compared to controls (Z = -7.639, P< 0.001), indicative of increased fibrotic changes. Conversely, TLV (Z =-3.120, P=0.002), TAV/TNV (Z = -9.564, P< 0.001), and LAA-950% (Z = -4.926, P < 0.001) were reduced in T2DM-ILAs patients. The correlation between HbA1c and various CT quantitative indicators was not significant, HbA1c and TLV (r=-0.043, P=0.618), HbA1c and TAV (r=0.143, P=0.099), HbA1c and TNV (r=0.064, P=0.461), HbA1c and LAA-700~-200% (r=0.102, P=0.239), HbA1c and LAA-950% (r=-0.170, P=0.049), HbA1c and TAV/TNV (r=0.175, P=0.043). The peripheral vascular marker, TAV/TNV, excelled in distinguishing T2DM-related lung changes (AUC=0.84, P<0.001), outperforming LAA-700~-200% (AUC=0.77,P<0.001). A composite index incorporating multiple quantitative parameters achieved the highest diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.91, P< 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Quantitative CT parameters distinguish T2DM complicated with ILAs from non-diabetic individuals, suggesting a distinct pattern of lung injury. Our findings imply a particular susceptibility of small pulmonary blood vessels to injury in T2DM.
PMID:40464171 | DOI:10.2174/0115734056343395250526140343