Nevin Manimala

Food Sci Anim Resour. 2026 Jul 1;46(1):81. doi: 10.1007/s44463-026-00082-9.

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to optimize the conditions for obtaining an ethanol extract from Micromeria fruticosa (M. fruticosa) and to determine the antioxidant activity and phenolic compound content of the resulting extract. Subsequently, the use of the optimized extract in beef patties was evaluated, and the effects of the cooking process on the physicochemical properties of the product were examined. In this context, the highest efficiency was obtained in terms of total phenolic contents (TPC), as well as DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values, during the ethanol extraction of the plant. The optimum extraction conditions were determined to be 12 g of sample, 20 min, and 75% ultrasonic power. Under these conditions, the TPC of the extract was found to be 37.128 mg GAE/g dry weight, the DPPH value was 42.865, and the FRAP value was 254.776 mg TE/g dry weight. In the second phase of the study, the optimized extract was used at different concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) to produce beef patties, which were then analyzed for pH, moisture content, TBARS (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances), and cooking yield. The use of the extract did not cause a statistically significant difference in the moisture content and TBARS values of the samples (p > 0.05). However, it was determined that the pH values of the samples containing 0% and 0.5% extract were lower than those containing 1.0% and 1.5% extract (p < 0.01). In addition, it was observed that the use of the extract had a positive effect on cooking yield, and that cooking yield increased with increasing extract concentration. As a result of the study, it was concluded that M. fruticosa holds promising potential as a natural additive in meat and meat products, offering a functional ingredient that can contribute to the development of value-added, health-oriented food products.

PMID:42384298 | DOI:10.1007/s44463-026-00082-9

Cancer Causes Control. 2026 Jul 1;37(7):117. doi: 10.1007/s10552-026-02209-1.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Racial and ethnic differences in oral cavity cancer (OCC) stage at diagnosis are substantial, but the reasons remain unclear. We assessed insurance status and social neighborhood factors as potential pathways.

METHODS: Using the Texas Cancer Registry, we identified adults diagnosed with OCC between 2010 and 2020. We examined the crude and multivariable associations of race and ethnicity, insurance status, and social neighborhood factors with stage at diagnosis. We investigated the mediating effects of insurance status and neighborhood-level social factors on racial and ethnic differences in stage at diagnosis using four-way decomposition with modified Poisson regression and robust standard errors.

RESULTS: Among the 6,488 patients, 49.6% were diagnosed at a late stage. Compared to non-Hispanic White patients, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders had 51% (Prevalence Ratio [PR]: 1.51; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.40, 1.63), 29% (PR: 1.29; 95% CI 1.22-1.37), and 17% (PR: 1.17; 95% CI 1.05-1.32) higher risks of being diagnosed at a late stage, respectively. For non-Hispanic Black patients, being uninsured, living in a vulnerable neighborhood, and living in a deprived neighborhood explained roughly 20%, 31%, and 15% of the disparity in late stage diagnosis, respectively. These pathways accounted for similar proportions of the disparity in stage at diagnosis among Hispanic patients.

CONCLUSIONS: Insurance status and neighborhood-level social factors may partially account for the differences in OCC stage at diagnosis between racial and ethnic groups. Identifying these pathways may help clarify and reduce these disparities.

PMID:42384290 | DOI:10.1007/s10552-026-02209-1

Indian J Pediatr. 2026 Jul 1. doi: 10.1007/s12098-026-06239-0. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To present an overview of the practice of prenatal diagnosis and genomics in India.

METHODS: This manuscript was compiled through review of published literature, survey of peers and professional experience of authors.

RESULTS: The field of prenatal diagnosis in India had its beginnings in the 1980s with advent of ultrasound machines and invasive procedures. The high prevalence of birth defects and genetic diseases in the population had been recognized by pediatricians and clinical geneticists as early as the 1950-60s. Various factors, like epidemiological transition with increasing contribution of genetic diseases and birth defects towards adverse health statistics, enhanced awareness of health care providers and policy makers, availability of trained manpower and rapid advancements in the field of genomics have all led to expansion of the field of prenatal diagnosis and genomics in the country since these early times. Medical termination of pregnancy has been legally allowed since 1971 and culturally acceptable to the majority. In the last four decades, advances in prenatal diagnosis have given women the option to make decisions about termination of pregnancy by earlier detection of fetal structural and genetic abnormalities.

CONCLUSIONS: This study reviews the historical journey of the field in India and the current status. It also discusses the challenges faced by the country and the measures being undertaken to address the same.

PMID:42384265 | DOI:10.1007/s12098-026-06239-0

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2026 Jul 1;36(1):267. doi: 10.1007/s00590-026-04832-9.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate surgical outcomes in cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) with intramedullary signal changes (IMSCs) and assess the impact of preoperative severity on recovery.

METHODS: This retrospective study included 312 patients undergoing cervical decompression. Neurological status was assessed using the mJOA score preoperatively and at 6-12 months. A subset of 43 patients was analyzed separately for inferential statistics using chi-square testing.

RESULTS: Severe CSM was present in 54.2% and moderate in 45.8%. Overall improvement occurred in 53.2%, with a mean mJOA increase of 2.9 points. In the subset, mean mJOA improved from 10.25 (SD 1.80) to 13.16 (SD 2.43). A significant association was found between preoperative severity and outcome (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Surgical decompression leads to meaningful neurological improvement, with outcomes influenced by preoperative severity.

PMID:42384242 | DOI:10.1007/s00590-026-04832-9

Arch Toxicol. 2026 Jul 1. doi: 10.1007/s00204-026-04419-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Ethylene oxide (EtO) is a widely used industrial compound with known carcinogenic potential in humans. Due to its high reactivity and short biological half-life, occupational exposure assessments (> 1 ppm) rely on the detection of stable biomarkers, such as N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-L-valine (HE-V), formed as hemoglobin adducts in blood. Existing analytical methods for HE-V detection often require large volumes of blood and purified hemoglobin due to limited sensitivity, restricting their application in characterizing the dose-response relationship between EtO exposure and HE-V accumulation-particularly at low environmental exposure levels relevant to assessing potential general population health risks. In this study, we aimed to characterize the molecular dosimetry of HE-V formation in B6C3F1 mice exposed by whole body inhalation to a broad range of concentrations of EtO: 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 50, 100, and 200 ppm, 7 days/week for 4 weeks. To achieve this, we developed a sensitive LC-MS-based workflow for HE-V quantification, incorporating hemoglobin purification, HE-V release plus enrichment, and targeted mass spectrometric detection from as little as 10 μL of blood and 50 μg of extracted hemoglobin. A clear, dose-dependent increase in HE-V levels was observed following EtO exposure, with statistically significant elevations detected even at 0.05 ppm compared to endogenous background levels. At lower concentrations (0.5 to 1 ppm), HE-V levels increased linearly with dose, while higher concentrations (50 to 200 ppm) exhibited an upward-bending (increasing slope) dose response. No sex-specific differences were observed. Taken together, these findings indicate EtO exhibits linear systemic toxicokinetics at lower exposures that transition to nonlinear toxicokinetics in the range of higher exposures (likely due to saturation of glutathione-mediated detoxification), thus providing new quantitative insights to support improved risk assessments and toxicological evaluations of EtO exposure.

PMID:42384196 | DOI:10.1007/s00204-026-04419-7

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2026 Jul 1;36(1):268. doi: 10.1007/s00590-026-04811-0.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Bicruciate-retaining (BCR) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was developed to better replicate native knee biomechanics by preserving both cruciate ligaments. First-generation BCR implants were notorious for technical challenges and suboptimal survivorship. However, advancements in implant design and surgical techniques have renewed interest in second-generation BCR TKA systems. This study aimed to evaluate the overall survivorship of contemporary (second-generation) BCR primary TKA implants.

METHODS: A systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases was conducted from inception to January 3, 2025. Inclusion criteria were studies that reported the number of revisions following second-generation BCR TKA. We excluded case reports, review articles, and studies that evaluated first-generation BCR TKA. A total of 1046 articles were retrieved; ultimately, 13 were included. Events per person-years pooled analysis was performed to estimate the incidence of all-cause revision, adjusting for duration of follow-up. Heterogeneity was measured using I² test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: A total of 1,087 BCR TKA implants among 13 studies were analyzed. The mean follow-up was 2.6 years. A total of 62 (5.7%) knees were revised. The overall pooled rate of all-cause revision was 1.6 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.009-0.023) Heterogeneity among the analyzed studies was significant (I² = 75.5%, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: Contemporary BCR TKA implants showed improved survivorship compared to historical reports, with a low pooled all-cause revision rate of 1.6 per 100 person-years, corresponding to a 1.6% chance of revision per year of follow-up. Despite the associated heterogeneity, these findings suggest that modern BCR designs offer durable outcomes and support their continued use. Further long-term comparative data are needed to better define their role relative to modern knee implants.

PMID:42384182 | DOI:10.1007/s00590-026-04811-0

J Egypt Natl Canc Inst. 2026 Jul 1;38(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s43046-026-00374-7.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer continues to pose a considerable challenge to global health, necessitating innovative approaches for improved diagnostics and personalized treatment strategies. Prior investigations have suggested that plasma proteins may play a role in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer; however, these studies do not confirm a causal relationship. To address this gap, conducted a large-scale Mendelian randomization (MR) study of the plasma proteome.

METHODS: We performed a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis involving 4,907 plasma proteins, utilizing publicly accessible genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics, to examine the causal association between the plasma proteome and the risk of cervical cancer. Analytical methods included inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger regression, and simple and weighted models. Additionally, we performed sensitivity analyses to evaluate heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy through Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept, MR-PRESSO test, and leave-one-out analysis. We also applied false discovery rate (FDR) correction to the results of all IVW methods to identify the plasma proteins most strongly associated with cervical cancer. Finally, we enriched the most relevant plasma protein genes using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses and GeneMANIA to identify disease-related pathways.

RESULTS: According to the IVW method, seven plasma proteins are significantly associated with cervical cancer risk (P < 0.05). Specifically, six proteins demonstrated protective factors: DEFB135 (OR = 0.201, 95% CI = 0.082-0.492, P < 0.001), FGL2 (OR = 0.104, 95% CI = 0.032-0.338, P < 0.001), FTMT (OR = 0.612, 95% CI = 0.465-0.804, P < 0.001), PDIA4 (OR = 0.088, 95% CI = 0.026-0.295, P < 0.001), SPHK2 (OR = 0.102, 95% CI = 0.030-0.350, P < 0.001), and TMED2 (OR = 0.045, 95% CI = 0.008-0.246, P < 0.001). In contrast, RACGAP1 (OR = 1.755, 95% CI = 1.286-2.395, P < 0.001) was identified as a risk factor. Reverse MR analysis revealed no significant evidence of reverse causation (P > 0.05) between cervical cancer and these plasma proteins. Functional enrichment analysis identified several biologically relevant pathways potentially involved in cervical cancer pathogenesis, including the establishment of organelle localization, regulation of oxidoreductase activity, Ferroptosis, and Porphyrin metabolism.

CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that DEFB135, FGL2, FTMT, PDIA4, SPHK2, and TMED2 may protect against cervical cancer, while RACGAP1 may represent a potential risk factor. The identified tumor markers provide mechanistic insights into the molecular basis of cervical cancer and warrant further investigation in functional studies.

PMID:42384160 | DOI:10.1186/s43046-026-00374-7

J Behav Med. 2026 Jul 1. doi: 10.1007/s10865-026-00694-y. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase the risk of developing chronic pain in adulthood. However, the impact of ACEs and specific ACEs subdomains on treatment response to cognitive behavioral interventions, which are among the frontline interventions for chronic pain, remains unexplored. This exploratory secondary analysis of a psychotherapy trial for chronic pain examined the associations among total ACEs and ACEs subdomains (household dysfunction and maltreatment) with pre-intervention level and treatment-related change in pain severity and interference. Trial participants (116 Veterans, M_age = 51.40; SD = 13.20) received one of two cognitive behavioral therapies for chronic pain that performed similarly in terms of pain outcomes. Participants completed self-report measures of ACEs at pre-treatment and measures of pain severity and interference at pre-treatment, weekly during treatment, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up. There was a null association between ACEs (total and subdomains) and pain outcomes at pre-intervention. Higher total ACEs scores predicted significantly greater improvements in pain interference from pre-intervention to follow-up (p = .025). ACEs subdomains patterned differently with pain outcomes: higher maltreatment predicted significantly greater improvement in pain interference from pre-to-post-intervention (p = .049) and greater improvement from pre-intervention to follow-up, though above the threshold for statistical significance (p = .079). Further, higher household dysfunction predicted greater improvement in pain severity from pre-intervention to follow-up, though similarly above the threshold for statistical significance (p = .080). The present study yielded surprising and clinically informative results: cognitive behavioral interventions may be especially helpful for reducing pain interference in adults with higher ACEs. Furthermore, household dysfunction and maltreatment may be differentially associated with pain severity and interference. Future research is required to replicate the findings of this exploratory study.

PMID:42384155 | DOI:10.1007/s10865-026-00694-y

Ir J Med Sci. 2026 Jul 1. doi: 10.1007/s11845-026-04514-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: This study aims to evaluate midwifery students’ achievements and feedback regarding the use of mannequin models in acquiring gynecological examination skills.

METHOD: The study was carried out using a parallel-group, randomized controlled design. A total of 68 students were included in the education and control groups. The education group received hands-on training with a gynecological examination mannequin in a laboratory setting, whereas the control group watched a gynecological examination instructional video together with the education group. Evaluations were conducted using the Learner’s Guide (LG), the Self-Confidence Scale (SCS), and the Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale (SSSCLS). The statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05.

RESULTS: A significant difference was found between the SCS and the SSSCLS scores of students in the education group, whereas there were no significant differences in the control group’s mean scores. Of the 17 procedural steps outlined in the Learner’s Guide, 13 were determined to be significantly better performed by the education group compared to the control. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in terms of ensuring the availability of all necessary materials before the procedure, maintaining patient privacy, and inspecting and palpating the external genital organs.

CONCLUSION: The use of mannequin models is an effective method for enhancing both self-confidence and student satisfaction in acquiring gynecological examination skills. It is very important to encourage the integration of simulation models in midwifery education and to emphasize the critical procedural steps outlined in the Learner’s Guide.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT06536192.

PMID:42384149 | DOI:10.1007/s11845-026-04514-9

J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2026 Jul 1. doi: 10.1007/s11239-026-03347-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Atrial fibrillation is a common cardiac arrhythmia associated with serious complications such as stroke, heart failure, and mortality. Catheter ablation is frequently used for drug-resistant cases but requires femoral venous access and anticoagulation, increasing the risk of vascular complications. Manual compression is the standard method for post-ablation hemostasis, though it can be time-consuming and uncomfortable, whereas figure-of-eight sutures have emerged as a potential alternative. To compare safety and procedural outcomes of figure-of-eight sutures versus manual compression for venous hemostasis after ablation. A systematic literature search was conducted across Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase up to February 2026 to identify studies comparing figure-of-eight (Fo8) sutures with manual compression for post-ablation femoral venous hemostasis. Randomized controlled trials and observational cohort studies were included. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Statistical analyses and meta-analyses were performed using RevMan software version 5.4. Nine studies with a total of 2,125 patients were analyzed. Figure-of-Eight (Fo8) suturing demonstrated no significant difference compared with manual compression for total, major, or minor vascular access site complications, bleeding, or hematoma. However, FO8 suturing was associated with significantly shorter time to hemostasis, earlier ambulation, and reduced time to discharge. Figure-of-eight suturing is as safe as manual compression for post-ablation femoral venous hemostasis, showing no increase in vascular access-site complications, bleeding, or hematoma. It provides the added benefit of faster hemostasis, earlier ambulation, and reduced discharge time.

PMID:42384139 | DOI:10.1007/s11239-026-03347-8