Tag: nevin manimala

Fish Physiol Biochem. 2026 Jul 3;52(4):109. doi: 10.1007/s10695-026-01728-7.

ABSTRACT

Inland heatwaves (HW) are increasingly recognised as potent environmental stressors affecting aquatic ecosystems. This study investigated the physiological, biochemical, and molecular stress responses in juvenile GIFT (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to simulated short-term (STHW) and long-term (LTHW) heatwave conditions. A total of 144 fish (15.79 ± 0.21 g) were randomly assigned to three treatment groups-control, STHW, and LTHW-with four replicates each. At the end of each experimental heatwave exposure, parameters such as survival, physio-biochemical responses from different organs, serum, and whole-body proximate and fatty acid profiles were assessed. Despite no statistically significant differences in survival rates, HW exposure induced marked alterations in serum biochemical parameters, including elevated glucose and decreased hormone profiles (T3, T4, cortisol). HW significantly impacted serum lipid profiles, with notable reductions in LDL, HDL, and cholesterol, particularly in the LTHW group. Oxidative stress enzyme activities revealed organ-specific responses: liver SOD decreased while CAT and GPX increased under LTHW, indicating heightened oxidative stress. The CAT and GST activities of the gill were suppressed, whereas GPX surged in LTHW-exposed fish. Upregulation of hsp-70 and nka-1α mRNA in STHW, and a decline in LTHW, indicate changes in the cellular stress protein markers and ion transport. Whole-body composition analysis revealed reduced crude protein and ash, increased lipid content, and depleted muscle glycogen under heatwave exposure. Fatty acid profiling and PCA analysis demonstrated significant shifts in fatty acid metabolism, with increased levels of palmitic acid, ARA, and DPA under LTHW, alongside reduced MUFA and SFA/PUFA ratios. Overall, these findings underscore the multifaceted physiological disruptions caused by inland heatwaves in GIFT juveniles, with LTHW eliciting more pronounced stress responses.

PMID:42397600 | DOI:10.1007/s10695-026-01728-7

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2026 Jul 3;146(1):242. doi: 10.1007/s00402-026-06401-5.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Hip fractures are a major complication of osteoporosis and are associated with high morbidity, mortality, and costs. Despite clear guideline recommendations, pharmacological osteoporosis treatment remains underutilized. In addition, medications that increase fall and fracture risk further contribute to fracture occurrence. The aim of this study was to assess guideline concordance of osteoporosis therapy and to quantify the prevalence of medications associated with increased fall and fracture risk prior to the fracture in patients admitted with femoral fractures.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective observational study, 145 patients aged ≥ 55 years admitted with femoral neck, per- and subtrochanteric, femoral shaft and distal femur fractures to a tertiary academic trauma center between April and June 2025 were included. Pre-admission medication was assessed using structured medication reconciliation. Guideline concordance of pre-fracture osteoporosis therapy was evaluated according to the current Austrian osteoporosis guideline (Dimai et al., 2024). Fall-risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs) were identified using the STOPPFall criteria, and fracture-associated medications were recorded based on Austrian osteoporosis guideline-defined drug classes.

RESULTS: Among 145 included patients (mean age 80.4 years; 71% female), 117 (81%) met criteria for pharmacological osteoporosis treatment prior to the fracture, defined by a preexisting osteoporosis diagnosis or a 10-year fracture risk above the treatment intervention threshold using the FRAX^® calculator. Only 9 (7.7%) of these patients were treated in accordance with guideline recommendations. A treatment gap was observed in 78.6% of therapy-eligible patients. At least one FRID was prescribed in 70% of patients, and 57% received at least one medication associated with increased fracture risk.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients presenting with femoral fractures demonstrate a substantial gap in guideline-concordant osteoporosis therapy and a high prevalence of medications associated with increased fall and fracture risk. These findings highlight important opportunities for systematic primary and secondary fracture prevention and structured medication review.

PMID:42397594 | DOI:10.1007/s00402-026-06401-5

Hernia. 2026 Jul 3;30(1):273. doi: 10.1007/s10029-026-03770-z.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The comparison between robotic-assisted (RS) and laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery (LS) remains clinically relevant due to widespread adoption of robotic techniques without clear evidence of superior outcomes. This study aims to evaluate both approaches in terms of efficacy, safety, and cost.

METHODS: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (2000-2025) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing RS and LS in adults. Pooled analyzes utilized random- or fixed-effects meta-analysis models. Meta-regression, cumulative meta-analysis, and subgroup analyzes were conducted to enhance conclusion precision. Sensitivity analyzes assessed result robustness.

RESULTS: The systematic review included 38 studies (5 RCTs and 33 cohort studies) with a pooled population of 550,175 patients. For the primary outcome, no significant difference was observed in overall postoperative complications between RS and LS (RR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.60-1.20). Among secondary outcomes, RS was associated with longer overall operative times (WMD = 19.81 min, 95% CI: 11.15-28.47 min); however, when only skin-to-skin operative time was analyzed, the difference was not statistically significant (WMD = 11.90 min, 95% CI: -7.75 to 31.55 min). RS demonstrated higher costs (WMD = $2,958.97, 95% CI: $1820.74-4,097.19) versus LS. No statistically significant differences were observed in blood loss, length of stay, intraoperative complications, recurrence, reoperation, or postoperative anti-reflux medication requirements. Cumulative meta-analysis demonstrated stable and consistent differences over time, indicating the early emergence of robust evidence.

CONCLUSION: RS showed comparable outcomes to LS in complications, blood loss, recurrence, reoperation, and postoperative medication requirements. RS was associated with higher costs compared to LS. Although overall operative time was longer with RS, subgroup analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in skin-to-skin surgical time between the two approaches. RS had higher costs. Comprehensive evaluations indicate that RS and LS yield analogous outcomes in terms of safety and efficacy for GERD. However, RS is linked to increased financial expenditure.

PMID:42397587 | DOI:10.1007/s10029-026-03770-z

Support Care Cancer. 2026 Jul 3;34(7):728. doi: 10.1007/s00520-026-10946-x.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine if receipt of survivorship care plans (SCPs) modifies the association between health outcomes of female cancer survivors and sociodemographic characteristics.

METHODS: Using cross-sectional 2011-2023 data from the Maryland Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey, we conducted survey-weighted multivariable regression models to estimate the association between race, body mass index (BMI), education and income with self-reported general health status and poor physical and mental health days, stratified by SCP receipt, approximated as self-reporting receipt of cancer follow-up care instructions (FCI), treatment summaries (TS), or both. Individuals on active treatment and < 1 year from their cancer diagnosis were excluded.

RESULTS: The study included 2,854 (non-Hispanic White (NHW; 82.8%) and non-Hispanic Black (NHB; 17.2%) female cancer survivors residing in Maryland. Half were > 10 years from their cancer diagnosis and the mean age was 64 years. Without FCI, NHB vs. NHW women reported more poor physical and mental health days (adjusted rate ratio (aRR): 1.27 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74-2.16) and aRR: 1.72 (95% CI: 1.14-2.61), respectively). With FCI, NHB vs. NHW women reported fewer poor physical and mental health days (aRR: 0.56 (95% CI; 0.39-0.80) and aRR: 0.47 (95% CI: 0.30-0.73); p-interaction: 0.009 and < 0.001, respectively). Similar patterns were observed for TS and FCI + TS and with education and income.

CONCLUSIONS: Receipt of FCI and TS differentially modified associations between sociodemographic characteristics with self-reported physical and mental health for female cancer survivors in Maryland. Delivery of FCI and TS may improve the health status of minoritized female cancer survivors.

PMID:42397582 | DOI:10.1007/s00520-026-10946-x

Eur J Nutr. 2026 Jul 3;65(5):192. doi: 10.1007/s00394-026-04043-2.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The association between non-sugar-sweetened beverages (NSSB), as a suitable alternative for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between the intake of SSB and NSSB, their substitutions with each other, and T2D risk.

METHODS: We used a sub-sample of adults aged 18-70 years from the Healthy Life in an Urban Setting (HELIUS) study. Dietary data was assessed using ethnic-specific food frequency questionnaires. Multivariable-adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for T2D risk for SSB and NSSB and their substitutions of one serving (250 ml)/day were estimated using Poisson models.

RESULTS: Among the 2612 participants included, 141 incident cases of T2D were identified. After multivariable adjustment, higher NSSB intake was associated with an increased risk of T2D in the overall population (IRR_{high vs low}: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.14, 4.46) and among participants with non-Dutch ethnicity (IRR_{high vs low}: 3.04; 95% CI: 1.59, 5.81). No overall association was observed between SSB intake and T2D risk, although a positive association was found among Dutch participants. In substitution analyses, replacing one serving/day of SSB with NSSB was associated with a higher T2D risk among younger participants (IRR_{model 3}: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.75), although this association was not observed in the overall population.

CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that replacing SSBs with NSSBs may not confer a metabolic benefit and may be associated with a higher risk of T2D in specific subgroups. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms and subgroup-specific factors underlying these associations.

PMID:42397572 | DOI:10.1007/s00394-026-04043-2

Arch Womens Ment Health. 2026 Jul 3;29(4):103. doi: 10.1007/s00737-026-01723-0.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Antenatal depression (AD) is a mental health condition estimated to affect close to 30% of pregnant people globally. The importance of treating depression in pregnancy is underscored by its downstream impact on both maternal and infant biopsychosocial outcomes, such as preterm birth, low birthweight, and postnatal depression. Despite these outcomes, only 20% of women experiencing AD receive appropriate and timely support and treatment. This meta-analysis is a comprehensive synthesis of RCTs evaluating psychological and non-psychological interventions to treat antenatal depression, conducted as part of the HappyMums project.

METHODS: Studies were sourced from PubMed, Embase Medline and MIDIRS (via OVID), and were included if they were (a) randomized controlled trials, (b) with pregnant people with, or at risk for depression, (c) consisted of an intervention, and (d) published in English. To estimate efficacy, Standardized Mean Differences (SMDS) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals using the post- intervention Ms and SDs of both the intervention and control groups. The I² statistic was used as an indicator of variation between studies. Analyses were conducted using the software R Studio.

RESULTS: In total, 115 studies were included in the analysis. The pooled effect size of all interventions, compared with all pooled control arms, showed a clear therapeutic effect (SMD = 0.65, 95% CI 0.48; 0.83), although the between-study heterogeneity variance was high (τ² = 0.78, 95% CI 0.7;1.3). After accounting for outliers, the pooled effect size across 94 treatment arms was still SMD = 0.5 (95% CI, 0.42, 0.56). No significant subgroup differences were found by intervention type and format, or measure used.

CONCLUSION: There are numerous interventions that, on average, are moderately effective in reducing depressive symptomology in pregnancy. Future research should be aimed at addressing how to personalise the choice of treatment and improve treatment outcomes for the individual pregnant person.

PMID:42397557 | DOI:10.1007/s00737-026-01723-0

Mol Biol Rep. 2026 Jul 3;53(1):1087. doi: 10.1007/s11033-026-12266-z.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Human parvovirus B19 (HB19V) infection poses significant clinical challenges in resource-limited settings, particularly regarding blood safety surveillance and diagnosis of associated syndromes. Limited access to validated diagnostic assays restricts clinical management and transfusion safety protocols. The objective is to develop and validate an in-house duplex real-time PCR assay for HB19V detection and evaluate its clinical utility in a resource-limited setting.

METHODS AND RESULTS: A duplex real-time PCR assay targeting the conserved NS1 gene of HB19V with RNase P as endogenous control was developed. Analytical validation assessed amplification efficiency, limit of detection (LOD), precision (intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation), and cross-reactivity. Clinical validation compared qualitative agreement with a CE-certified commercial kit using Cohen’s kappa statistic. Positive samples underwent Sanger sequencing for genotype characterization. Clinical specimens from suspected HB19V infections were tested and results correlated with patient presentations. The assay demonstrated 98.82% amplification efficiency with LOD of 6 copies/µL. Precision metrics showed excellent reproducibility (CoV < 1% intra-assay, < 5% inter-assay) with no cross-reactivity. Qualitative agreement with the commercial reference was 100% (Cohen’s kappa > 0.95). Clinical application identified three significant cases: post-transfusion HB19V in neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy, HB19V consideration in severe anaemia with ventriculitis, and active infection in paediatric Ewing sarcoma with chemotherapy-induced cytopenias requiring IVIG therapy. Genotyping revealed genotypes 1a and 3, confirming regional viral diversity.

CONCLUSION: This validated in-house duplex real-time PCR assay provides a cost-effective, locally sustainable diagnostic tool for HB19V detection. It addresses critical gaps in blood safety surveillance and expands diagnostic capacity for HB19V-associated syndromes in resource-limited settings, while highlighting the necessity of contextual clinical interpretation for optimal patient management.

PMID:42397555 | DOI:10.1007/s11033-026-12266-z

Support Care Cancer. 2026 Jul 3;34(7):725. doi: 10.1007/s00520-026-10969-4.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to address the relationship between social determinants of health (both individual and neighborhood levels) to understand more fully how social conditions are associated with physical functioning among breast cancer survivors (BCS).

METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of a national sample of breast cancer survivors recruited via Institutional Review Board-approved social media (i.e., Facebook) and online cancer-affiliated resource sites (e.g., Pink Ribbon Connection, Dr. Susan Love Foundation). BCS provided their address and demographic factors and completed the physical functioning survey (PF-10). Neighborhood social determinants of health (SDOH) included Yost National Rank Index and neighborhood factors (walkability and rural vs. urban status) using Geocoding. Descriptive statistics and linear regression models were used.

RESULTS: BCS who were older (p = 0.038) and single (p = 0.008) had poor physical functioning. Socioeconomic factors including higher education (p = 0.001), higher income (p = 0.034), and higher neighborhood socioeconomic status (Yost Index, p = 0.016) were associated with greater physical functioning. Neighborhood factors (walkability and rural vs. urban) were not associated with physical functioning in BCS.

CONCLUSION: Physical functioning of BCS was linked to age, social network (marital status), and socioeconomic status. Future interventional research is needed that accounts for individual and socioeconomic factors to mitigate their effects on the physical functioning of BCS.

PMID:42397554 | DOI:10.1007/s00520-026-10969-4

Support Care Cancer. 2026 Jul 3;34(7):729. doi: 10.1007/s00520-026-10955-w.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Individuals undergoing chemotherapy experience a range of symptoms that can significantly impact their quality of life and treatment outcomes; the prevalence and severity of which can change across their treatment journey. This study aimed to identify and describe the longitudinal symptom experience during the first four months of chemotherapy administration across a range of cancer diagnoses.

METHODS: A prospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted at a cancer centre in Queensland, Australia. Monthly surveys assessed symptoms, distress, and quality of life across 4 months of chemotherapy.

RESULTS: A total of 252 participants completed baseline surveys (mean age 61 ± 12.3 years; 65% female; 40% breast cancer). Participants reported a mean of 22.5 ± 9.0 symptoms at baseline, with a statistically significant reduction in symptoms throughout the study period 21.9 ± 9.2 symptoms (p = 0.002). Fatigue (93%), insomnia (80%), and pain (72%) were most common at baseline and remained highly prevalent throughout the time period. Severe fatigue (25%), pain (15%), and constipation (15%) reduced over time, while peripheral neuropathy and decreased sexual interest increased.

CONCLUSION: This study has produced insights into the high number of symptoms experienced during the initial four months of chemotherapy. Given the impact of symptoms on treatment outcomes, there is a critical need for the development of appropriate assessment tools capable of capturing this broad range of patient symptom experiences.

IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: Understanding symptom patterns over time can support early identification of high-risk patients, guide personalised supportive care strategies and optimise treatment tolerance and quality of life during and beyond chemotherapy.

PMID:42397550 | DOI:10.1007/s00520-026-10955-w

Biol Trace Elem Res. 2026 Jul 3. doi: 10.1007/s12011-026-05221-3. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study presents a comparative analysis of rare earth element (REE) distribution in 24 organs and tissues of four Manchurian wapiti (Cervus canadensis xanthopygus) and four wild boar (Sus scrofa) harvested near the borders of five protected natural areas in Primorsky Krai, Russian Far East. A total of 192 biological samples (96 per species) were analyzed using ICP-MS. At the level of all analyzed organ and tissue samples, statistically significant interspecific differences (p = 0.004) were observed only for europium (Eu), with wapiti showing the most pronounced Eu anomaly in bone tissue (δEu = 190 compared to 52 in wild boar). Analysis of REE concentrations among individual organs and tissues revealed species-specific accumulation patterns: in Manchurian wapiti, REE are deposited primarily in hair and intestine, whereas in wild boar, the liver serves as an additional major depot alongside hair. Elevated concentrations of heavy REE were detected in wild boar lung tissue. The presence of REE in the central nervous system of both species suggests that these elements can reach neural tissues, raising questions about their potential neurotoxicity. These results indicate that interspecific differences in REE accumulation and distribution may be related to behavioral and physiological factors, including dietary habits, digestive system type, and species-specific target organs. This study provides data and potential insights for understanding REE behavior in the body of terrestrial mammals.

PMID:42397511 | DOI:10.1007/s12011-026-05221-3