Tag: nevin manimala

BMC Nurs. 2023 Sep 20;22(1):325. doi: 10.1186/s12912-023-01486-4.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To address the challenges in nursing education brought about by the pandemic, this study aimed to evaluate the use of a web-based standardized patient practice in the development of nursing students’ anamnesis taking skills and their views about its application.

METHOD: We conducted a descriptive intervention study with 39 s-year nursing students. The students completed anamnesis using the standardized patient practice in line with a scenario with real standardized patients in a web-based environment with audio and video.

RESULTS: The total scores of students’ anamnesis skills were low. The agreement between the total scores, scores obtained from the health patterns, and each item in the control list was statistically significant (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Web-based standardized patient practice is an alternative for clinical practice facilitating the gaining of competencies in making holistic nursing diagnoses under conditions that limit face-to-face interactions, such as pandemics.

PMID:37730596 | DOI:10.1186/s12912-023-01486-4

BMC Med Educ. 2023 Sep 20;23(1):683. doi: 10.1186/s12909-023-04669-4.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Journal clubs hold significant importance in medical education, with numerous studies highlighting their contributions worldwide. However, studies specifically examining their role in China, particularly among Chinese medical postgraduates categorized into academic and clinical types, remain scarce. This research aims to investigate the participation, performance, and benefits of journal clubs, and explore the influence of student type and study phase on these aspects.

METHOD: A survey encompassing demographic information, participation rates, performance evaluations, and perceived improvements was distributed to postgraduates at Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. A total of 232 completed questionnaires were included for further analysis. Statistical analysis employed the Mann-Whitney U test and Gamma tests, with statistical significance set at p-value < 0.05.

RESULTS: Overall participation and performance in journal clubs among Chinese medical postgraduates were comparable to global findings. Notably, academic postgraduates exhibited higher levels of attendance rate and gained more research assistance than clinical postgraduates, while their performance levels were similar. When considering the study phase, a downward trend in academic postgraduates’ attendance rate and listening attitude and an upward trend in clinical postgraduates’ participation were observed with the seniority phase. Additionally, presentation comments, post-presentation progress, and research assistance showed improvements over time for both student types.

CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals academic postgraduates’ fatigue, contrasting with clinical postgraduates’ enthusiasm, and underscores academic postgraduates’ superior research assistance. To address these findings, we recommend supporting and encouraging scientific research training for clinical postgraduates, aiding academic postgraduates in better time management and reducing non-essential responsibilities, and implementing critical appraisal skill education.

PMID:37730595 | DOI:10.1186/s12909-023-04669-4

BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023 Sep 20;23(1):331. doi: 10.1186/s12906-023-04163-w.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The downfall of formocresol as a pulpotomy medicament highlights the importance of cytotoxic evaluation and the establishment of a safe concentration of dental material prior to its usage in the oral cavity. Uncaria gambir is an herbal plant that possesses antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, suggesting its potential as an alternative medicament for pulpotomy. However, there are not many studies published on its cytotoxicity, with some using non-standardised techniques and reported variable outcomes. Here, we investigated the concentration and time-dependent toxicity of Uncaria gambir extract towards the M3CT3-E1 cell line and compared it with the gold standard pulpotomy medicament: mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).

METHODS: Uncaria gambir extracts at concentrations ranging from 1000 to 7.8 µg/ml and MTA eluates at 4- and 48 h setting times were prepared. 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and culture media were used as positive and negative controls respectively. Cell viability on days 1, 2, 3 and 7 was analysed using Alamar Blue and Live and Dead Cell assay. Any morphological cellular changes were evaluated using transmission electron microscopes (TEM). Data were analysed using a two-way mixed Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).

RESULTS: The interaction between the concentration and exposure time on the fluorescence intensity of Uncaria gambir extract and MTA 48 h was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001). No cytotoxic effects on the cells were exerted by both MTA 48 h and Uncaria gambir extract at a concentration below 500 µg/mL. TEM analysis and Live and Dead Cell assay for both materials were comparable to the negative control. No significant differences in fluorescent intensity were observed between Uncaria gambir extract at 500 µg/mL and MTA 48 h (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Uncaria gambir extracts at a maximum concentration of 500 μg/mL are non-cytotoxic over time and are comparable to the MTA.

PMID:37730579 | DOI:10.1186/s12906-023-04163-w

BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Sep 20;23(1):683. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05180-2.

ABSTRACT

In this correspondence, we explain the reasoning for invalidity of the analysis choices by Kolberg et al., and provide the results produced using correct statistical procedures for their study design. Reassuringly, we could verify the original conclusions. That is, results of the corrected statistical models are similar to the results of the original analysis. Regardless of the magnitude of difference that corrected statistical methods make, results and conclusions that are derived from invalid methods are unsubstantiated. By verifying the results, we allow the readers to be assured that the published conclusions in the study by Kolberg et al. now rest on a sound evidential basis.

PMID:37730572 | DOI:10.1186/s12888-023-05180-2

BMC Womens Health. 2023 Sep 20;23(1):501. doi: 10.1186/s12905-023-02649-w.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence is a global problem that threatens mothers. It has multidimensional consequences but has not gained attention from scholars after childbirth.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of extended postpartum intimate partner violence and its associated factors.

METHOD: A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed among 570 postpartum mothers in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia, from May 21st to June 21st, 2022. A pretested, face-to-face interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used. The level of statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05 with a 95% CI.

RESULTS: Overall, the prevalence of extended postpartum intimate partner violence was 45% (95% CI: 40.89, 49.20). Participants whose husband has no formal education (AOR = 3.62; 95%CI: 1.32, 9.90) and only secondary education (AOR = 2.96; 95%CI: 1.56, 5.48), husband alcohol consumption (AOR = 1.73; 95%CI: 1.06, 2.80), husband dominance in decision-making (AOR = 1.94; 95%CI: 1.13, 3.33), husband disappointment in the gender of the baby (AOR = 2.13; 95%CI: 1.28, 3.56), previous history of intimate partner violence (AOR = 5.71; 95%CI: 3.59, 9.07), and low social support (AOR = 4.37; 95%CI: 2.53, 7.55) were significantly associated factors.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The prevalence of extended postpartum intimate partner violence was found to be high. Thus, increasing awareness of husbands with no formal education and having lower academic achievement, incorporating maternal social support assessment into maternity and child health care; teaching on alcohol reduction behavior and gender roles; and screening of mothers during the prenatal period should be given.

PMID:37730570 | DOI:10.1186/s12905-023-02649-w

Plant Dis. 2023 Sep 20. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-06-23-1122-RE. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The purpose of our study was to determine whether the application of quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) and pyrazole-carboxamide fungicides as a tank mix would impact the endophyte community of soybean seed. Field trials during 2018 in Iowa, South Dakota, and Wisconsin, USA, investigated the impact of a single combination fungicide spray at early pod set in soybeans. The composition of culturable endophytic fungi in mature soybean seed was assessed on three cultivars per state, with maturity groups (MG) ranging from 1.1 to 4.7. An unusually wet 2018 season delayed harvest, leading to a high level of fungal growth in grain. The survey included 1,080 asymptomatic seeds that were disinfested and individually placed on 5-cm-diameter Petri plates of acidified water agar. The survey yielded 721 fungal isolates belonging to 24 putative species in seven genera; taxa were grouped into genera based on a combination of morphological and molecular evidence. The dominant genera encountered in the survey were Alternaria, Diaporthe, and Fusarium. The study showed that the fungicide treatment reduced the incidence of Fusarium in Wisconsin seed, increased the incidence of Diaporthe in seed from all states, and had no impact on the incidence of Alternaria. This is one of the first attempts to characterize the diversity of seed endophytes in soybean, and the first to characterize the impacts of fungicide spraying on these endophyte communities across three states. Our study provides evidence that the impact of a fungicide spray on soybean seed endophyte communities may be influenced by site, weather, and cultivar maturity group. .

PMID:37729650 | DOI:10.1094/PDIS-06-23-1122-RE

J Patient Saf. 2023 Oct 1;19(7):493-500. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000001155. Epub 2023 Sep 5.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Prior research suggests that errors occur frequently for patients with medical complexity during the hospital-to-home transition. Less is known about effective postdischarge communication strategies for this population. We aimed to assess rates of 30-day (1) postdischarge incidents and (2) readmissions and emergency department (ED) visits before and after implementing a hospital-to-home intervention.

METHODS: We conducted a prospective intervention study of children with medical complexity discharged at a children’s hospital from April 2018 to March 2020. A multistakeholder team developed a bundled intervention incorporating the I-PASS handoff framework including a postdischarge telephone call, restructured discharge summary, and handoff communication to outpatient providers. The primary outcome measure was rate of postdischarge incidents collected via electronic medical record review and family surveys. Secondary outcomes were 30-day readmissions and ED visits.

RESULTS: There were 199 total incidents and the most common were medication related (60%), equipment issues (15%), and delays in scheduling/provision of services (11%). The I-PASS intervention was associated with a 36.4% decrease in the rate of incidents per discharge (1.51 versus 0.95, P = 0.003). There were fewer nonharmful errors and quality issues after intervention (1.27 versus 0.85 per discharge, P = 0.02). The 30-day ED visit rate was significantly lower after intervention (12.6% versus 3.4%, per 100 discharges, P = 0.05). Thirty-day readmissions were 15.8% versus 10.2% postintervention (P = 0.32).

CONCLUSIONS: A postdischarge communication intervention for patients with medical complexity was associated with fewer postdischarge incidents and reduced 30-day ED visits. Standardized postdischarge communication may play an important role in improving quality and safety in the transition from hospital-to-home for vulnerable populations.

PMID:37729645 | DOI:10.1097/PTS.0000000000001155

J Patient Saf. 2023 Oct 1;19(7):439-446. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000001152.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study mainly examines the effects of patient safety culture dimensions on 4 outcomes (self-reported errors, witnessing errors, incident reporting, and patient safety grade).

METHODS: The data were collected using the Turkish version of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire, which consists of 6 dimensions (teamwork climate, safety climate, job satisfaction, stress recognition, perceptions of management, and working conditions). Of 1679 personnel working in 6 hospitals in Ankara, 860 were randomly selected. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Spearman correlation coefficient, and binary logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS: The response rate was 62.7%. When the overall patient safety culture score increased by 1 point; the probability of witnessing an error was 2 times lower (P < 0.001), the probability of incident reporting was 4.22 times higher (P < 0.001), and the probability of assessing the patient safety grade as excellent was 29.86 times higher (P < 0.001). The teamwork climate was negatively related to making errors and witnessing errors (P < 0.001). The safety climate and working conditions were positively related to incident reporting and patient safety grade (P < 0.001). Job satisfaction was negatively related to incident reporting (P < 0.001). Perceptions of management were positively related to making errors and patient safety grade (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: The patient safety culture scores were positively correlated with incident reporting and patient safety grade but negatively correlated with the occurrence of errors. Each dimension of the patient safety culture, except stress recognition, affected different outcomes. Therefore, managers should focus on different dimensions of patient safety culture to improve different outcomes.

PMID:37729641 | DOI:10.1097/PTS.0000000000001152

J Phys Chem A. 2023 Sep 20. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03015. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The variational quantum eigensolver algorithm recently became a popular method to compute the quantum chemical properties of molecules on noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices. In order to avoid noise accumulation from the NISQ device in the quantum circuit, it is important to keep the so-called quantum depth of the circuit at a minimum, defined as the minimum number of quantum gates that must be operated sequentially. In the present work, we introduce a modular 2-qubit cluster circuit that allows for the design of a shallow-depth quantum circuit compared to previously proposed architectures without loss of chemical accuracy. Moreover, by virtue of the simplicity of the cluster circuit, it is possible to assign a valence bond chemical interpretation to the cluster circuit. The design was tested on the H₂, (H₂)₂, and LiH molecules, as well as the finite-size transverse-field Ising model, as the latter provides additional insights into the construction of the circuit in a resonating valence bond picture.

PMID:37729640 | DOI:10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03015

J Chin Med Assoc. 2023 Sep 19. doi: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000999. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Population aging is emerging as an increasingly acute challenge for countries around the world. One particular manifestation of this phenomenon is the impact of osteoporosis on individuals and national health systems. Previous studies of risk factors for osteoporosis were conducted using traditional statistical methods, but more recent efforts have turned to machine learning approaches. Most such efforts, however, treat the target variable (bone mineral density or fracture rate) as a categorical one which provides no quantitative information. The present study uses five different machine learning methods to analyze the risk factors for T-score of bone mineral density, seeking to: (1) Compare the prediction accuracy between different machine learning methods and traditional multiple linear regression and (2) rank the importance of 25 different risk factors.

METHODS: The study sample includes 24,412 women aged > 55 y/o with 25 related variables, applying traditional multiple linear regression (MLR) and five different machine learning methods: classification and regression tree (CART), Naïve Bayes (NB), Random Forest (RF), stochastic gradient boosting (SGB), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The metrics used for model performance comparisons are the symmetric mean absolute percentage error, and relative absolute error, root relative squared error and root mean squared error.

RESULTS: Machine learning approaches outperformed MLR for all four prediction errors. The average importance ranking of each factor generated by the machine learning methods indicate that age is the most important factor determining T-score, followed by eGFR, BMI, UA, and education level.

CONCLUSION: In a group of women aged > 55 years, we demonstrated that machine learning methods provide superior performance in estimating T-Score, with age being the most important impact factor, followed by eGFR, BMI, UA, and education level.

PMID:37729604 | DOI:10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000999