Tag: nevin manimala

Chaos. 2023 Nov 1;33(11):113106. doi: 10.1063/5.0170121.

ABSTRACT

The membrane potential of a neuron is mainly controlled by the gradient distribution of electromagnetic field and concentration diversity between intracellular and extracellular ions. Without considering the thickness and material property, the electric characteristic of cell membrane is described by a capacitive variable and output voltage in an equivalent neural circuit. The flexible property of cell membrane enables controllability of endomembrane and outer membrane, and the capacitive properties and gradient field can be approached by double membranes connected by a memristor in an equivalent neural circuit. In this work, two capacitors connected by a memristor are used to mimic the physical property of two-layer membranes, and an inductive channel is added to the neural circuit. A biophysical neuron is obtained and the energy characteristic, dynamics, self-adaption is discussed, respectively. Coherence resonance and mode selection in adaptive way are detected under noisy excitation. The distribution of average energy function is effective to predict the appearance of coherence resonance. An adaptive law is proposed to control the capacitive parameters, and the controllability of cell membrane under external stimulus can be explained in theoretical way. The neuron with memristive membranes explains the self-adaptive mechanism of parameter changes and mode transition from energy viewpoint.

PMID:37909904 | DOI:10.1063/5.0170121

J Proteome Res. 2023 Nov 1. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00526. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Understanding the pathogenesis and finding diagnostic markers for colorectal cancer (CRC) are the key to its diagnosis and treatment. Integrated transcriptomics and proteomics analysis can be used to characterize alterations of molecular phenotypes and reveal the hidden pathogenesis of CRC. This study employed a novel strategy integrating transcriptomics and proteomics to identify pathological molecular pathways and diagnostic biomarkers of CRC. First, differentially expressed proteins and coexpressed genes generated from weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) were intersected to obtain key genes of the CRC phenotype. In total, 63 key genes were identified, and pathway enrichment analysis showed that the process of coagulation and peptidase regulator activity could both play important roles in the development of CRC. Second, protein-protein interaction analysis was then conducted on these key genes to find the central genes involved in the metabolic pathways underpinning CRC. Finally, Itih3 and Lrg1 were further screened out as diagnostic biomarkers of CRC by applying statistical analysis on central genes combining transcriptomics and proteomics data. The deep involvement of central genes in tumorigenesis demonstrates the accuracy and reliability of this novel transcriptomics-proteomics integration strategy in biomarker discovery. The identified candidate biomarkers and enriched metabolic pathways provide insights for CRC diagnosis and treatment.

PMID:37909265 | DOI:10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00526

Cancer Med. 2023 Nov 1. doi: 10.1002/cam4.6653. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in California and second among Hispanic/Latinx (H/L) males. Data from the California Cancer Registry were utilized to investigate the differential impact on CRC outcomes from demographic and clinical characteristics among non-Hispanic white (NHW), non-Hispanic Black (NHB), U.S. born (USB), and non-U.S. born (NUSB) H/L patients diagnosed during 1995-2020.

METHODS: We identified 248,238 NHW, 28,433 NHB, and 62,747 H/L cases (32,402 NUSB and 30,345 USB). Disparities across groups were evaluated through case frequencies, odds ratios (OR) from logistic regression, and hazard ratios (HR) from Cox regression models. All statistical tests were two-sided.

RESULTS: NHB patients showed a higher proportion of colon tumors (75.8%) than NHW (71.5%), whereas both NUSB (65.9%) and USB (66.9%) H/L cases had less (p < 0.001). In multivariate models, NUSB H/L cases were 15% more likely than NHW to have rectal cancer. Compared to NHW, NHB cases had the greatest proportion of Stage IV diagnoses (26.0%) and were more likely to die of CRC (multivariate HR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.10-1.15). Instead, NUSB H/L patients were less likely to die of CRC (multivariate HR = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.85-0.89) whereas USB H/L did not differ from NHW.

CONCLUSIONS: NHB and H/L cases have more adverse characteristics at diagnosis compared to NHW cases, with NHB cases being more likely to die from CRC. However, NUSB H/Ls cases showed better survival than NHW and US born H/L patients. These findings highlight the importance of considering nativity among H/L populations to understand cancer disparities.

PMID:37909220 | DOI:10.1002/cam4.6653

Eurasian J Med. 2023 Oct;55(3):243-248. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.23102.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The Children’s Saving Inventory (CSI) is a measurement tool developed to assess hoarding behavior in children. This study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the CSI in a clinical sample of children and adolescents.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample consisted of 52 children and adolescents diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder in the 8-17 age group and their families. As a structured diagnostic interview, the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA) was applied to all participants included in the research. Hoarding disorder (HD) diagnosis was made clinically by considering the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria. The Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive- Compulsive Scale Symptom Checklist (CY-BOCS) was administered by an experienced clinician. The parents and children filled out the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Child Version (OCI-CV) and CSI scales independently.

RESULTS: The 20-item CSI Turkish version demonstrated good internal consistency. This 4-factor structure of the scale was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. Children’s Saving Inventory showed convergent and discriminant validity with the OCI-CV and CY-BOCS subscales, and the higher CSI total scores in children and adolescents diagnosed with HD confirmed the construct validity.

CONCLUSION: These findings support the use of the CSI Turkish version as a valid and reliable scale to investigate the hoarding behavior of children and adolescents in a clinical sample. In addition, the CSI Turkish version is currently the only validated instrument to evaluate hoarding behavior in children and adolescents, as rated by parents in Türkiye.

PMID:37909198 | DOI:10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.23102

Eurasian J Med. 2023 Oct;55(3):234-238. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.23119.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: With the developments in patient management and the increase in surgical experience, the use of laparoscopy in liver resections has become widespread. However, with the consensus meetings and international recommendations, laparoscopic liver resections have been tried to be standardized. We aimed to present this laparoscopic liver resection experience by comparing open and laparoscopic techniques.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent liver resections between 2015 and 2022 were retrospectively screened and divided into 2 groups as laparoscopic liver resections and patients who underwent liver resection with open surgery. Indications, resection techniques, operative times, length of hospital stay, early hospital mortality, and complications were compared between both groups using statistical methods.

RESULTS: Laparoscopic surgery was performed in 31 (14%) patients, and open surgery was performed in 189 (86%). The mean operation time was 316 ± 168.2 minutes in patients who underwent laparoscopic liver resection. It was 329.4 ± 123.6 in the open surgery group. The length of hospital stay was 11.6 ± 4.9 days in patients who underwent laparoscopic liver resection, while it was 19.7 ± 12.1 days in patients who underwent open surgery. The difference between the length of hospital stay was statistically significant (Mann-Whitney U-test, P=.00). There was no difference between the 2 groups in terms of complications and early mortality.

CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic liver resections are a safe method that can be applied in 3 or less segment resections. As the experience of the surgical team increases, it can be safely applied for major hepatectomies.

PMID:37909196 | DOI:10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.23119

Eurasian J Med. 2023 Oct;55(3):192-198. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.22282.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of interferential current treatment on a range of motion of joint and shoulder pain, functional status, and quality of life in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome and to compare interferential current with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and sham interferential current.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients complaining of shoulder discomfort participated in the present study. Diagnosis of subacromial impingement syndrome is based on anamnesis, clinical examinations, and shoulder magnetic resonance imaging. A total of 52 patients divided into 3 groups: Group 1 (17 patients, mean age 51.8 years) received interferential current, group 2 (18 patients, mean age 51.8 years) received transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and group 3 (17 patients, mean age 49.1 years) received sham interferential current. Hot pack and exercise treatments were added to all groups. All groups were treated for 3 weeks, 5 times a week, for 15 sessions and 20 minutes for each session. Evaluations were made before treatment (T0), in the middle of treatment (T1; end of 8th session), and at the end of treatment (T2; end of 15th session) using active range of motion and visual analog scale for pain, the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Problems Questionnaire for functional status, and Short Form-36 for quality of life.

RESULTS: There were significant improvement effects on all of the range of motion, visual analog scale, and the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Problems Questionnaire scores at T2 and on the scores in some subparameters of Short Form-36 in all groups (P < .05). However, there was no statistically significant difference at T2 between the groups (P > .05).

CONCLUSION: Interferential current and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation exhibited equivalent results regarding range of motion, pain, function, and quality of life of patients with subacromial impingement syndrome, with no significant difference between interferential current and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Adding interferential current or transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation treatments to hot pack +exercise therapy did not result in any extra benefits to the patients.

PMID:37909189 | DOI:10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.22282

Eurasian J Med. 2023 Oct;55(3):178-184. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.23180.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the effect of mindfulness stress training given to nurses working during the COVID-19 pandemic period on the quality of work-life and motivation of nurses.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research was carried out as a pre-test and post-test control group quasi-experimental model from nurses working in a university hospital in eastern Turkey between September 2021 and December 2021. The study population consisted of 850 nurses working in the hospital. The sample consisted of 42 nurses (21 experimental, 21 control group) who agreed to participate in the study and met the inclusion criteria. In the study, selection bias was controlled by randomized assignment and concealing randomization. The nurses’ names were grouped alphabetically and randomized using the research randomizer program. Within the scope of the research, the mindfulness Stress Training Program was applied to the nurses in the experimental group. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Nurse WorkLife Quality Scale, and Nurse Work Motivation Scale. Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon marking tests were used to analyze the data.

RESULTS: It was determined that the total score of the work motivation scale of the nurses in the experimental group was 48.42 ± 5.39 before the training, 59.52 ± 6.52 after the training, and the total score of the nurse work-life quality scale was 81.00 ± 12.46 before the intervention and 91.08 ± 11.06 after the intervention. The post-test scores of the control and experimental groups were statistically significant (P < .05).

CONCLUSION: It was found that the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program was effective in nurses’ work motivation and quality of work-life during the pandemic period.

PMID:37909187 | DOI:10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.23180

Eurasian J Med. 2023 Oct;55(3):173-177. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2022.22090.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: In children, neuromuscular blockers may have different effects with various inhalation agents and incomplete reversal of the blockade continues to be a problem. The aim of the study is to observe the effects of sugammadex on reversing the blockade by a single dose of rocuronium, the peak inspiratory pressure, hemodynamic parameters in children under sevoflurane and desflurane anesthesia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred forty-eight children aged 2-10 years old, to be operated under shortterm general anesthesia, were enrolled in this prospective randomized controlled trial. After induction, the patients were intubated at the end of TOF (Train-of-four) ratio of 1.0-0. The time taken until TOF reached 0.25 was recorded, and 2 mg/kg sugammadex was administered to the patients. The period until the TOF was at least 0.9 and in the first 10 minutes after sugammadex injection, peak inspiratory pressure, the systolic-diastolic arterial pressure, and the heart rate were monitored and possible side effects were observed in the recovery room.

RESULTS: Following the injection of sugammadex, the time taken for TOF of 0.25 to reach >0.9 was significantly shorter in the 2-4-year-old age group under sevoflurane anesthesia. After sugammadex injection, a small but statistically significant increase in peak inspiratory pressure values was observed in Group D at the 2nd, 5th, and 10th minutes.

CONCLUSION: Rapid and complete recovery was achieved from the block induced by a single dose of 0.6 mg/ kg rocuronium by the use of sugammadex which did not give rise to any side effects.

PMID:37909186 | DOI:10.5152/eurasianjmed.2022.22090

Eurasian J Med. 2023 Oct;55(3):169-172. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.22196.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the cochlear nerve and the anatomical structures of the cochlea and internal acoustic canal in patients with congenital hearing loss.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Temporal tomography and magnetic resonance images of 44 patients (88 ears) with non-syndromic congenital hearing loss were retrospectively analyzed between 2018 and 2021. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to cochlear nerve hypoplasia. Cochlear nerve canal width, cochlear basal/ middle turn widths, and internal auditory canal widths were examined.

RESULTS: Cochlear nerve hypoplasia was detected in 18.2% (n=16) of the patients and all of the patients with cochlear nerve hypoplasia had severe hearing loss. A statistically significant difference was found between the structures’ widths in patients with and without cochlear nerve hypoplasia, in cochlear nerve canal and coronal width of the internal auditory canal. When stenosis is accepted as <1.4 mm for cochlear nerve canal and <3.80 mm for coronal width of the internal auditory canal, cochlear nerve hypoplasia differs statistically between the groups in measurements (respectively; P < .001, P=.018).

CONCLUSIONS: In patients with sensorineural hearing loss, cochlear nerve hypoplasia may accompany. Anatomical structures are important in predicting cochlear nerve hypoplasia from temporal computed tomography. Cochlear nerve hypoplasia should be suspected if the cochlear nerve canal and coronal width of the internal auditory canal are less than 1.4 mm and 3.8 mm, respectively, on temporal computed tomography.

PMID:37909185 | DOI:10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.22196

J Int AIDS Soc. 2023 Oct;26 Suppl 4:e26148. doi: 10.1002/jia2.26148.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Peer support can help navigate the isolation and psychological strain frequently experienced by youth living with chronic illness. Yet, data are lacking on the impact of providing support for youth living with mixed chronic conditions. We assessed the acceptability, feasibility and preliminary mental health impacts of a clinic-based peer support group for South African youth living with chronic illnesses, including HIV.

METHODS: This mixed-methods pilot study (September 2021-June 2022) enrolled 58 young patients, ages 13-24, at an urban hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. In-depth interviews elicited the perspectives of 20 young people in relation to their participation in the Better Together programme, a recurring clinic-based peer support group for patients with mixed chronic illnesses. Self-reported resilience, attitudes towards illness, stigma and mental health were captured via established measures. T-tests and multivariate analysis of variance compared psychosocial outcomes for 20 group participants and 38 control patients, controlling for socio-demographic characteristics at enrolment. Logistic regression analyses estimated the predicted probability of a positive depression or anxiety screening given peer group participation.

RESULTS: All interviewees valued being able to compare treatment regimens and disease management habits with peers living with different conditions. Adolescents living with HIV stated that understanding the hardships faced by those with other conditions helped them accept their own illness and lessened feelings of isolation. Compared to patients who did not participate in Better Together, those who attended ≥5 groups had statistically significantly higher individual-level resilience, a more positive attitude towards their illness(es), lower internalised stigma and a more positive self-concept. The probability of being screened positive for depression was 23.4 percentage points lower (95% CI: 1.5, 45.3) for Better Together participants compared to controls; the probability of a positive anxiety screening was 45.8 percentage points lower (95% CI: 18.1, 73.6).

CONCLUSIONS: Recurring, clinic-based peer support groups that integrate youth living with HIV and other chronic diseases are novel. Group sustainability will depend on the commitment of experienced peer leaders and providers, routine scheduling and transportation support. A fully powered randomised trial is needed to test the optimal implementation and causal mental health effects of the Better Together model.

PMID:37909178 | DOI:10.1002/jia2.26148