Tag: nevin manimala

Quintessence Int. 2022 Nov 29;0(0):1-33. doi: 10.3290/j.qi.b3631841. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical performance of two methacrylate-based flowable composites and an Ormocer-based flowable composite in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) in adult participants.

METHOD AND MATERIALS: One hundred eighty-three restorations were performed on NCCLs. All cavities were restored using a universal adhesive system (Futurabond U, Voco GmbH) with selective enamel etching and with one of the three evaluated flowable composites (n = 61): low-viscosity methacrylate-based composite (GrandioSO Flow, LV), high-viscosity methacrylate-based composite (GrandioSO Heavy Flow, HV), and an Ormocer-based flowable composite (Admira Fusion Flow, ORM). All restorations were evaluated using FDI and USPHS criteria after 24 months. Kruskall Wallis analysis of variance rank (α = 0.05) was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS: After 24 months of clinical evaluation, sixteen restorations were lost (LV = 3, HV = 10, ORM = 3) and the retention rates (95% confidence interval) were 95.0% for LV, 82.2% for HV and 95.0% for ORM, with statistical differences observed between HV and LV as well as HV and ORM (p < 0.05). When secondary parameters were evaluated, no significant difference between groups were observed (p > 0.05). Thirty-three restorations (LV = 8, HV = 13, ORM = 12) showed minor marginal staining, seventy-one restorations (LV = 26, HV = 20, ORM = 25) presented small marginal adaptation defects and one restoration for HV presented recurrence of caries.

CONCLUSION: The universal adhesive associated with the Ormocer-based and methacrylate-based flowable composite showed promising clinical performance after 24 months. However, the heavy-flow restorations showed significantly more failures.

PMID:36445776 | DOI:10.3290/j.qi.b3631841

Games Health J. 2022 Nov 23. doi: 10.1089/g4h.2022.0134. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Active exergaming for improving cognitive function is a relatively novel concept as it has certain unique features that could prove advantageous in improving patient outcomes, particularly in patients with neurological disabilities. Hence, we have conducted this review to obtain a comprehensive estimate of effectiveness of active exergames for improving cognitive functioning in patients with neurological disabilities. Literature search was done in PubMed Central, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar until February 2022. We carried out a meta-analysis with a random-effects model and reported pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In total, we analyzed 21 studies and half of them had a high risk of bias and were conducted in Korea and the United States. The pooled SMD for global cognition was 0.46 (95% CI: -0.01 to 0.94; I² = 81.2%), pooled SMD for attention function was 0.49 (95% CI: -0.12 to 0.10; I² = 81%), pooled SMD for perception function was 0.31 (95% CI: -0.02 to 0.65; I² = 0%), and pooled SMD for executive function was -0.26 (95% CI: -0.86 to 0.33; I² = 86.7%). Active exergames can have a beneficial effect on most cognitive outcomes, although not statistically significant for managing patients with neurological disabilities.

PMID:36445748 | DOI:10.1089/g4h.2022.0134

Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2022 Nov 29. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0193-OA. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT.—: Evidence of T-cell clonality is often critical in supporting a T-cell lymphoma.

OBJECTIVES.—: To retrospectively explore the significance of copy number losses at the 14q11.2 T-cell receptor α locus in relation to the presence of a T-cell neoplasm and proportion of T cells by targeted next-generation sequencing.

DESIGN.—: Targeted next-generation sequencing data from 139 tissue biopsies including T-cell lymphomas, B-cell lymphomas, classic Hodgkin lymphomas, nonhematopoietic malignancies, and normal samples were reviewed for copy number losses involving the T-cell receptor α gene segments at chr14q11.2.

RESULTS.—: We found that biallelic or homozygous deletion of 14q11.2 was found in most (28 of 33, 84.8%) T-cell lymphomas. The magnitude of 14q11.2 loss showed a statistically significant correlation with the proportion of T cells in lymphoma tissue samples. Copy number losses could also be detected in other lymphomas with high number of T cells (8 of 32, 25% of B-cell lymphomas, 4 of 4 classical Hodgkin lymphomas), though biallelic/homozygous deletion of 14q11.2 was not significantly observed outside of T-cell lymphomas. Most nonhematopoietic neoplasms and normal tissues (59 of 64, 92.2%) showed no significant copy number losses involving the T-cell receptor α locus at chr14q11.2.

CONCLUSIONS.—: Analysis of copy number losses at the T-cell receptor α locus chr14q11.2 with targeted next-generation sequencing can potentially be used to estimate the proportion of T cells and detect T-cell neoplasms.

PMID:36445717 | DOI:10.5858/arpa.2022-0193-OA

JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Nov 1;5(11):e2243388. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.43388.

ABSTRACT

IMPORTANCE: Individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have an increased risk of pregnancy-related complications. However, data on acute cardiovascular complications during delivery admissions remain limited.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether SLE is associated with an increased risk of acute peripartum cardiovascular complications during delivery hospitalization among individuals giving birth.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with data from the National Inpatient Sample (2004-2019) by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) or International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes to identify delivery hospitalizations among birthing individuals with a diagnosis of SLE. A multivariable logistic regression model was developed to report an adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the association between SLE and acute peripartum cardiovascular complications. Data were analyzed from May 1 through September 1, 2022.

EXPOSURE: Diagnosed SLE.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Primary study end points were preeclampsia, peripartum cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. Secondary end points included ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, pulmonary edema, cardiac arrhythmias, acute kidney injury (AKI), venous thromboembolism (VTE), length of stay, and cost of hospitalization.

RESULTS: A total of 63 115 002 weighted delivery hospitalizations (median [IQR] age, 28 [24-32] years; all were female patients) were identified, of which 77 560 hospitalizations (0.1%) were among individuals with SLE and 63 037 442 hospitalizations (99.9%) were among those without SLE. After adjustment for age, race and ethnicity, comorbidities, insurance, and income level, SLE remained an independent risk factor associated with peripartum cardiovascular complications, including preeclampsia (adjusted OR [aOR], 2.12; 95% CI, 2.07-2.17), peripartum cardiomyopathy (aOR, 4.42; 95% CI, 3.79-5.13), heart failure (aOR, 4.06; 95% CI, 3.61-4.57), cardiac arrhythmias (aOR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.94-2.21), AKI (aOR, 7.66; 95% CI, 7.06-8.32), stroke (aOR, 4.83; 95% CI, 4.18-5.57), and VTE (aOR, 6.90; 95% CI, 6.11-7.80). For resource use, median (IQR) length of stay (3 [2-4] days vs 2 [2-3] days; P < .001) and cost of hospitalization ($4953 [$3305-$7517] vs $3722 [$2606-$5400]; P < .001) were higher for deliveries among individuals with SLE.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This study found that SLE was associated with increased risk of complications, including preeclampsia, peripartum cardiomyopathy, heart failure, arrhythmias, AKI, stroke, and VTE during delivery hospitalization and an increased length and cost of hospitalization.

PMID:36445710 | DOI:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.43388

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022 Dec;38(12):2811-2818. doi: 10.1007/s10554-022-02699-5. Epub 2022 Aug 28.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Fractional flow reserve (FFR) has been demonstrated in some studies to predict long-term coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patency. Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is an emerging technology which may predict FFR. In this study, we hypothesised that QFR would predict long-term CABG patency and that QFR would offer superior diagnostic performance to quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).

METHODS: A prospective study was performed on patients with left main coronary artery disease who were undergoing CABG. QFR, QCA and IVUS assessment was performed. Follow-up computed tomography coronary angiography and invasive coronary angiography was undertaken to assess graft patency.

RESULTS: A total of 22 patients, comprising of 65 vessels were included in the analysis. At a median follow-up of 3.6 years post CABG (interquartile range, 2.3 to 4.8 years), 12 grafts (18.4%) were occluded. QFR was not statistically significantly higher in occluded grafts (0.81 ± 0.19 vs. 0.69 ± 0.21; P = 0.08). QFR demonstrated a discriminatory power to predict graft occlusion (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52 to 0.88; P = 0.03). At long-term follow-up, the risk of graft occlusion was higher in vessels with a QFR > 0.80 (58.6% vs. 17.0%; hazard ratio, 3.89; 95% CI, 1.05 to 14.42; P = 0.03 by log-rank test). QCA (minimum lumen diameter, lesion length, diameter stenosis) and IVUS (minimum lumen area, minimum lumen diameter, diameter stenosis) parameters were not predictive of long-term graft patency.

CONCLUSIONS: QFR may predict long-term graft patency in patients undergoing CABG.

PMID:36445675 | DOI:10.1007/s10554-022-02699-5

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022 Dec;38(12):2733-2741. doi: 10.1007/s10554-022-02642-8. Epub 2022 Jul 19.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between AF and left ventricular (LV) late gadolinium enhancement (LGE).

METHODS: 55 patients with HCM were retrospectively included. Patients were divided in HCM with AF and HCM without AF. Baseline clinical, echocardiographic and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) characteristics were collected and compared between groups.

RESULTS: In univariable analysis, the factors related to AF development were HCM risk score for sudden cardiac death (SCD) > 2.29% (p = 0.002), left atrium (LA) diameter > 42.5 mm (p = 0.014) and LGE in the mid anterior interventricular septum (IVS) (p = 0.021), basal inferior IVS (p = 0.012) and mid inferior IVS (p = 0.012). There were no differences in LV diastolic function and LA strain between groups. Independent predictors of AF were LA diameter (p = 0.022, HR 5.933) and LGE in mid inferior IVS (p = 0.45, HR 3.280). Combining LA diameter (> 42.5 mm or < 42.5 mm) and LGE in mid inferior IVS (present or absent) in a model with four groups showed a statistically significant difference between groups (p = 0.013 for the model).

CONCLUSIONS: LGE in mid inferior IVS is an independent predictor for AF occurrence in patients with HCM. Combining both LGE in mid inferior IVS and enlarged LA improves prediction of AF and may be preferred for risk stratification.

PMID:36445662 | DOI:10.1007/s10554-022-02642-8

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022 Dec;38(12):2771-2779. doi: 10.1007/s10554-022-02683-z. Epub 2022 Jul 19.

ABSTRACT

Pump thrombosis is a devastating complication after left ventricular assist device implantation. This study aims to elucidate the relation between left ventricular assist device implantation angle and risk of pump thrombosis. Between November 2010 and March 2020, 53 left ventricular assist device-patients underwent a computed tomography scan. Using a 3-dimensional multiplanar reformation the left ventricular axis was reconstructed to measure the implantation angle of the inflow cannula. All patients were retrospectively analyzed for the occurrence of pump thrombosis. In 10 (91%) patients with a pump thrombosis, the implantation angle was towards the lateral wall of the left ventricle. In only 20 patients (49%) of the patients without a pump thrombosis the inflow cannula pointed towards the lateral wall of the left ventricle. The mean angle in patients with a pump thrombosis was 10.1 ± 11.9 degrees towards the lateral wall of the left ventricle compared to 4.1 ± 19.9 degrees towards the septum in non-pump thrombosis patients (P = 0.005). There was a trend towards a significant difference in time to first pump thrombosis between patients with a lateral or septal deviated left ventricular assist device (hazard ratio of 0.15, P = 0.07). This study demonstrates that left ventricular assist device implantation angle is associated with pump thrombosis. Almost all patients in whom a pump thrombosis occurred during follow-up had a left ventricular assist device implanted with the inflow-cannula pointing towards the lateral wall of the left ventricle.

PMID:36445661 | DOI:10.1007/s10554-022-02683-z

Mikrochim Acta. 2022 Nov 29;189(12):480. doi: 10.1007/s00604-022-05580-3.

ABSTRACT

A visible and sensitive assay for the quantitative detection of β-glucosidase (β-glu) activity based on Au@CeO₂ core-shell nanoparticles (Au@CeO₂ NPs) is described. As a hydrolytic enzyme, β-glu can promote the hydrolysis of β-arbutin to hydroquinone (HQ), which can trigger the decomposition of the CeO₂ shell. With the single-particle enumeration (SPE) strategy coupled with dark field optical microscopy (DFM), an obvious color alteration of single Au@CeO₂ NPs during the etching process can be observed in real-time. By statistically calculating the number of the etched nanoparticles, the β-glu activity level can be quantified accurately. This assay displays a broad linear range from 0.5 to 50 mU⋅mL^-1 and low detection limit of 0.12 mU⋅mL^-1. In addition, this method was successfully used to determine β-glu in real samples and acquires satisfactory recoveries in the range of 97.1-102.0%. This study provides a visualization analysis method for β-glu, which may be helpful for monitoring other targets in the future.

PMID:36445567 | DOI:10.1007/s00604-022-05580-3

Endocrine. 2022 Nov 29. doi: 10.1007/s12020-022-03264-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To assess the prognostic value of serum TSH in Greek patients with COVID-19 and compare it with that of commonly used prognostic biomarkers.

METHODS: Retrospective study of 128 COVID-19 in patients with no history of thyroid disease. Serum TSH, albumin, CRP, ferritin, and D-dimers were measured at admission. Outcomes were classified as “favorable” (discharge from hospital) and “adverse” (intubation or in-hospital death of any cause). The prognostic performance of TSH and other indices was assessed using binary logistic regression, machine learning classifiers, and ROC curve analysis.

RESULTS: Patients with adverse outcomes had significantly lower TSH compared to those with favorable outcomes (0.61 versus 1.09 mIU/L, p < 0.001). Binary logistic regression with sex, age, TSH, albumin, CRP, ferritin, and D-dimers as covariates showed that only albumin (p < 0.001) and TSH (p = 0.006) were significantly predictive of the outcome. Serum TSH below the optimal cut-off value of 0.5 mIU/L was associated with an odds ratio of 4.13 (95% C.I.: 1.41-12.05) for adverse outcome. Artificial neural network analysis showed that the prognostic importance of TSH was second only to that of albumin. However, the prognostic accuracy of low TSH was limited, with an AUC of 69.5%, compared to albumin’s 86.9%. A Naïve Bayes classifier based on the combination of serum albumin and TSH levels achieved high prognostic accuracy (AUC 99.2%).

CONCLUSION: Low serum TSH is independently associated with adverse outcome in hospitalized Greek patients with COVID-19 but its prognostic utility is limited. The integration of serum TSH into machine learning classifiers in combination with other biomarkers enables outcome prediction with high accuracy.

PMID:36445619 | DOI:10.1007/s12020-022-03264-9

Inflammopharmacology. 2022 Nov 29. doi: 10.1007/s10787-022-01105-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) antibodies in COVID-19 patients.

METHODS: We searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases until July 27, 2022. Both randomized control trials (RCTs) and cohort studies were included and analyzed separately. The outcomes included mortality, incidence of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), ventilation improvement rate (need oxygen therapy to without oxygen therapy), secondary infection, and adverse events (AEs). The odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by a random-effects meta-analysis model.

RESULTS: Five RCTs and 2 cohort studies with 1726 COVID-19 patients were recruited (n = 866 in the GM-CSF antibody group and n = 891 in the control group). GM-CSF antibodies treatment reduced the incidence of IMV, which was supported by two cohort studies (OR 0.16; 95% CI 0.03, 0.74) and three RCTs (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.41, 0.94). GM-CSF antibodies resulted in slight but not significant reductions in mortality (based on two cohort studies and five RCTs) and ventilation improvement (based on one cohort study and two RCTs). The sensitive analysis further showed the results of mortality and ventilation improvement rate became statistically significant when one included study was removed. Besides, GM-CSF antibodies did not increase the risks of the second infection (based on one cohort study and five RCTs) and AEs (based on five RCTs).

CONCLUSION: GM-CSF antibody treatments may be an efficacious and well-tolerant way for the treatment of COVID-19. Further clinical evidence is still warranted.

PMID:36445552 | DOI:10.1007/s10787-022-01105-9