Tag: pubmed

Eur J Heart Fail. 2026 Aug 17:xuag209. doi: 10.1093/ejhf/xuag209. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH) is common and associated with adverse outcomes in individuals with heart failure (HF) with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFmrEF/HFpEF). Whether finerenone improves blood pressure (BP) and clinical outcomes in individuals with HFmrEF/HFpEF and aTRH is uncertain.

METHODS: In this pre-specified analysis of the FINEARTS-HF trial, participants were categorized according to baseline BP, with aTRH defined as BP ≥140/90 mm Hg (≥130/80 mm Hg if diabetes) despite treatment with ≥3 BP-lowering medications, including a diuretic. Non-resistant hypertension was defined as BP above threshold but not meeting aTRH criteria. Controlled BP was defined as BP under the threshold. Incidence of clinical outcomes and safety events was assessed by baseline hypertension category.

RESULTS: Among 6001 participants, 3471 (57.8%) had controlled blood pressure, 1754 (29.2%) had non-resistant hypertension, and 776 (12.9%) had aTRH at baseline. Between baseline and 36 months, finerenone similarly reduced systolic BP across baseline BP categories (Pinteraction = 0.59). Rates of cardiovascular death and total HF events (per 100 person-years) were 17.0 in those with controlled BP, 16.0 in those with non-resistant hypertension, and 13.8 in those with aTRH (Pcomparison = 0.12). Relative treatment benefits of finerenone vs placebo on the primary outcome (Pinteraction = 0.32) and HF-related health status (Pinteraction = 0.22) were consistent across hypertension categories. The safety profile of finerenone vs placebo did not appear to be modified by baseline hypertension category.

CONCLUSION: aTRH was identified in 1-in-8 individuals with HFmrEF/HFpEF in FINEARTS-HF. Finerenone consistently improved clinical outcomes, health status, and blood pressure, including among those with aTRH.

PMID:42606500 | DOI:10.1093/ejhf/xuag209

Diabetes Care. 2026 Aug 17:dc260886. doi: 10.2337/dc26-0886. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify and characterize daily and weekly patterns in glycemic management in longitudinal real-world continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data from people with diabetes to enhance clinical interpretation and support more effective personalized diabetes management.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This observational, retrospective study used two independent, multiyear, real-world CGM cohorts (T1DiabetesGranada and Connected Pen), comprising 86,779 participants with diabetes. Their mean age (SD) was 40.3 (15.8) and 44.0 (15.9), respectively, and there was a total of 21,011,021 measurement days. Weekly variations in CGM metrics and bolus insulin dose were examined using linear mixed-effects models, and daily temporal patterns were assessed.

RESULTS: Weekly and daily glycemic patterns emerged. Mid-week time in range was consistently higher (e.g., Wednesday: +0.96 percentage points [%-points]; 95% CI 0.93-0.99; P < 0.001), with deterioration during weekends and Mondays (e.g., Sunday: -1.74%-points; 95% CI -1.77, -1.72; P < 0.001), mirrored by shifts in other CGM metrics. Bolus insulin dose increased on weekend days (e.g., Sunday: +0.69 units; 95% CI 0.64-0.74; P < 0.001). Daily analyses revealed distinct diurnal profiles, with the most favorable glycemic control during morning and midday hours on weekdays and consistently poorer control during evening and nighttime periods, particularly on weekends.

CONCLUSIONS: Daily and weekly glycemic patterns revealed statistically robust and consistent temporal variations in glycemic control across two large real-world cohorts. Although the magnitude of these differences was small, the findings provide novel population-level evidence and underscore the value of longer-term CGM perspectives in routine care.

PMID:42606498 | DOI:10.2337/dc26-0886

Phys Rev Lett. 2026 Jul 31;137(5):056905. doi: 10.1103/z3ty-255t.

ABSTRACT

Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) scaling has been observed in discrete polariton lattices, enabled by engineered band structures that stabilize the condensate. Whether this universality extends to intrinsically continuous systems with natural noise regularization remains an open question. We propose and numerically demonstrate KPZ scaling in a continuous quasi-one-dimensional polariton condensate stabilized by optical confinement in the transversal direction. Large-scale simulations of the stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation, with experimentally relevant parameters, reveal temporal and spatial scaling exponents of the two-point phase correlation function, β_{C}≈0.30(5) and α_{C}≈0.46(8), and Tracy-Widom one-point phase fluctuation statistics, yielding robust KPZ dynamics intrinsic to the continuous polariton fluid.

PMID:42606495 | DOI:10.1103/z3ty-255t

Phys Rev Lett. 2026 Jul 31;137(5):056503. doi: 10.1103/gdd1-mxy3.

ABSTRACT

We consider a family of generalized Rokhsar-Kivelson (RK) Hamiltonians, which are reverse-engineered to have an arbitrary edge-weighted superposition of dimer coverings as their exact ground state at the RK point. We focus on a quantum dimer model on the triangular lattice, with doubly periodic edge weights. For simplicity we consider a 2×1 periodic model in which all weights are set to one except for a tunable horizontal edge weight labeled α. We analytically show that the model exhibits a continuous quantum phase transition at α=3, changing from a topological Z_{2} quantum spin liquid (α<3) to a columnar ordered state (α>3). The dimer-dimer correlator decays exponentially on both sides of the transition with the correlation length ξ∝1/|α-3| and as a power-law at criticality. The vison correlator exhibits an exponential decay in the spin liquid phase, but becomes a constant in the ordered phase, which we explain in terms of loop statistics of the double-dimer model. Using finite-size scaling of the vison correlator, we extract critical exponents consistent with the 2D Ising universality class. Additionally, we analytically show that the topological Rényi entropy of order ∞ (topological min-entropy) changes from log2 for the quantum spin liquid phase α<3, to 0 for the ordered phase α>3, thereby analytically confirming the topological nature of the phase transition.

PMID:42606476 | DOI:10.1103/gdd1-mxy3

Phys Rev Lett. 2026 Jul 31;137(5):056603. doi: 10.1103/7cnz-jsg1.

ABSTRACT

We study the full distribution of the zero-temperature Hall conductivity in a lattice model of the integer quantum Hall effect across disorder realizations. Near the plateau transition, the distributions develop heavy power-law tails with exponent α≈2.2-2.5, implying a finite mean but divergent variance. The tail persists across system sizes, correlation lengths of the disorder potential, and fillings indicating that Hall conductivity is not self-averaging at criticality. The exponent is qualitatively compatible with predictions from random-matrix models of Berry curvature fluctuations, hinting at a universal statistical structure of the quantum Hall critical regime.

PMID:42606469 | DOI:10.1103/7cnz-jsg1

Phys Rev Lett. 2026 Jul 31;137(5):051901. doi: 10.1103/x414-n6g9.

ABSTRACT

We measured the invariant mass of the η^{‘}(958) meson through the η^{‘}→γγ decay channel to search for possible character change of η^{‘} in a nuclear medium. The measured invariant-mass spectra were analyzed by fitting realistic spectral functions. An enhancement was observed in the lower tail of the η^{‘} mass peak for low-momentum (P_{γγ}<1 GeV/c) events. Three statistical methods were applied to assess the significance of the enhancement. All methods yield a statistical significance above 3.7σ. The spectral fitting indicates a mass reduction of 57.5_{-27.8}^{+5.7} MeV/c^{2}. Our result provides the first evidence for an in-medium spectral modification of the η^{‘} meson obtained through a direct measurement of its invariant mass.

PMID:42606438 | DOI:10.1103/x414-n6g9

Phys Rev Lett. 2026 Jul 31;137(5):053401. doi: 10.1103/bpl2-y7ls.

ABSTRACT

We experimentally generate sine-Gordon-like solitons in a spin-1 spinor BEC utilizing a robust and reproducible local phase-imprinting scheme. We find that the soliton velocity can be tuned by the effective quadratic Zeeman shift. This enables the investigation of controlled soliton interactions, in which we observe the characteristic elastic collision behavior of the integrable sine-Gordon model. The spatial displacement-the so-called phase shift-between incoming and outgoing solitons, the signature of their pairwise interaction, is found to be in quantitative agreement with numerical spin-1 simulations within the error bars. These results establish spinor BECs as a highly controllable experimental platform for studying aspects of the dynamics of sine-Gordon-like models.

PMID:42606435 | DOI:10.1103/bpl2-y7ls

Phys Rev Lett. 2026 Jul 31;137(5):050203. doi: 10.1103/5fl9-89j4.

ABSTRACT

The quantum theory of the electromagnetic field enables the description of multiphoton states exhibiting nonclassical statistical properties, often reflected in non-Gaussian phase-space distributions. While non-Gaussianity alone does not fully characterize quantum states, several classifications have been proposed to hierarchize non-Gaussian states according to physically or informationally relevant resources. Here, we provide a physical interpretation of non-Gaussianity and connect it to a computational perspective by showing how a prominent classification-the stellar rank-emerges as a limiting case of the roots of polynomials that univocally represent bosonic states defined with a quantized phase reference, namely the Majorana polynomials. A direct consequence of our results is a revised interpretation of both the stellar rank and non-Gaussianity itself: when superselection rules are properly taken into account, quadrature non-Gaussianity-and nonzero stellar rank-act as witnesses of particle entanglement, rather than being linked with photon addition to Gaussian states as previously assumed. In addition, we show that, because the stellar rank depends on a specific choice of coherent states, its relation to computational resources and potential quantum advantage is inherently basis dependent, being naturally tied to quadrature eigenstates as the computational basis. Motivated by this observation, we generalize the notion of stellar rank to arbitrary computational bases, thereby establishing it as a genuine witness of bosonic resources that may enable quantum advantage.

PMID:42606416 | DOI:10.1103/5fl9-89j4

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2026 Aug 17:S0190-9622(26)03165-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2026.07.057. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:42606404 | DOI:10.1016/j.jaad.2026.07.057

Med Mycol. 2026 Aug 17:myag084. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myag084. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Triazole antifungal drugs (TADs) are widely used in clinical practice but carry a risk of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs). However, comprehensive real-world evidence regarding the comparative safety profiles of individual TADs remains limited. This research aimed to investigate and compare the real-world risk, clinical characteristics, and time-to-onset of SCARs associated with individual TADs. The SCAR cases with TADs as the primary suspect drug were identified in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System. Disproportionality analysis and Bayesian methods were employed to detect safety signals with Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Empirical Bayes Geometric Mean (EBGM). Differences of clinical features, outcomes, time-to-onset (TTO), and signal strength at the preferred term (PT) level were analyzed. A total of 1 429 SCAR cases with five TADs were identified. Fluconazole showed the strongest and most consistent statistical association across all four algorithms (ROR = 5.2), followed by itraconazole. Voriconazole yielded mixed signals (positive by ROR and BCPNN only), while Posaconazole and Isavuconazole exhibited no significant SCAR signals. Voriconazole was associated with the highest mortality proportion (12.8%), followed by posaconazole (10%). The median TTO for SCARs was 8 days, with voriconazole having the longest delay (16 days). At the PT level, 45 distinct signals were identified, including high-risk manifestations such as fixed eruption (ROR = 24.43), mucosal ulceration, and SJS/TEN overlap. This study identified significant variability of SCARs signals among triazole antifungals. These findings support early risk recognition and informed antifungal selection in clinical practice.

PMID:42606393 | DOI:10.1093/mmy/myag084