Tag: pubmed

BMC Chem. 2025 Apr 24;19(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s13065-025-01466-6.

ABSTRACT

This work presents two methods for the simultaneous determination of ibuprofen (IBU), paracetamol (PAR), and chlorzoxazone (CHZ) in the presence of three PAR impurities: p-aminophenol (PAP), p-nitrophenol (PNP), and p-chloroacetanilide (PCA). Furthermore, both methods attempt to quantify these hazardous impurities. The first method is a thin layer chromatography densitometric method (TLC), where separation was achieved on silica gel 60 F₂₅₄ plates using a mobile phase consisting of chloroform, toluene, ethanol, and ammonia (7.0: 1.0: 1.6: 0.2, by volume). Densitometric detection was performed at 220.0 nm. The second method is a high-performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC), in which the analytes were separated on an Xterra C8 column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) using an isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) in a 30:70 (v/v) ratio. The UV detector was set at 220.0 nm, and the flow rate was maintained at 0.7 mL/min. Both methods were validated following ICH guidelines and successfully applied to the determination of IBU, PAR, and CHZ in their commercial tablet formulations. A statistical comparison with a previously reported method confirmed no discernible differences in the results, demonstrating the reliability and accuracy of the proposed techniques.

PMID:40275344 | DOI:10.1186/s13065-025-01466-6

BMC Nurs. 2025 Apr 24;24(1):457. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03077-x.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Literature confirms the tangible educational benefits of participating in high-fidelity simulation exercises. However, the final assessment of such sessions is always a combination of the teacher’s actions, the project, the technical infrastructure, and the student. The aim of this study was to evaluate and conduct a comparative analysis of high-fidelity simulation sessions regarding applied educational practices, satisfaction levels, and self-confidence among nursing students at a university located in a major academic center in southern Poland.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in May and June during the 2021/2022, 2022/2023, and 2023/2024 academic years on a group of 422 first-year undergraduate nursing students. Data from 412 students who participated in high-fidelity simulation sessions were analyzed. The study employed a custom questionnaire, the Educational Practice Questionnaire (EPQ), and the Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale (SSCL). The study used Spearman’s correlation coefficient, Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn’s post-hoc analysis and multivariate linear regression. A significance level of p < 0.05 was adopted.

RESULTS: The students rated the attractiveness of the sessions, the development of competencies, and the conducted debriefing relatively highly (average score above 4). Statistically significant differences were found between academic years in the assessment of social competencies acquired (p = 0.008) and the evaluation of debriefing elements as a summary method (p = 0.009). Students indicated that collaboration (M = 4.81; SD = 0.44) was present in the proposed educational method and considered it the most valuable aspect (M = 4.59; SD = 0.66). A positive correlation (r > 0) was noted between the development of knowledge (r = 0.389, p < 0.001), practical skills (r = 0.44, p < 0.001), and social skills (r = 0.401, p < 0.001) and satisfaction. There was also a positive correlation (r > 0) between the applied techniques during simulation and the level of self-confidence in the learning process (p < 0.05). The applied multiple regression models identified the aspects of the sessions that had a direct and unimpeded impact on nursing students’ sense of satisfaction and self-confidence. These aspects included, among others, active learning and diverse learning methods.

CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed the justification for organizing high-fidelity simulation sessions for nursing students due to the overall benefits for the student (in terms of satisfaction and increased self-confidence), the institution (student satisfaction with the university’s educational offerings), and the profession (high perception of increased nursing competencies).

PMID:40275323 | DOI:10.1186/s12912-025-03077-x

Malar J. 2025 Apr 24;24(1):134. doi: 10.1186/s12936-025-05328-3.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:40275316 | DOI:10.1186/s12936-025-05328-3

BMC Med Educ. 2025 Apr 24;25(1):604. doi: 10.1186/s12909-025-07168-w.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate nursing staff’s current knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP) regarding nursing document quality control and to explore effective methods to enhance their awareness of nursing documents’ importance through intensive training.

METHODS: We developed the questionnaire based on a systematic literature review and two rounds of Delphi expert consultation. Then, we sent the questionnaire to the nurses before and after the intensive training.Data processing and statistical analysis were conducted using R 4.4.0 software.

RESULTS: Altogether, 722, 701, and 800 nurses participated in the questionnaire survey before the training and after two training rounds, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the respondents’ baseline data (gender, age, professional title, position, educational background, and working years) before and after the training. After two rounds of intensive quality control training, the nursing staff’s median scores in the knowledge, attitude, and practice dimensions increased from 45 points before the training to 49, 50, and 50 points, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Regression analysis indicated that the longer the working years, the higher the scores of the nursing staff after the training (3-5 years, P < 0.01, 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 0.2-0.57), (6-10 years, P < 0.01, 95% CI, 0.35-0.73), (> 10 years, P = 0.003, 95% CI, 0.32-0.72).The nursing staff with the titles of Chief Nurse (P < 0.01, 95% CI, 0.2-0.54) and Deputy Chief Nurse (P < 0.01, 95% CI, 0.21-0.74) scored higher after the training.

CONCLUSION: This study shows that, after two rounds of training, nurses’ KAP of the quality control of nursing documents significantly improved. The training had a positive impact on their KAP, which is conducive to enhancing the quality of nursing documents and nursing care. Therefore, hospitals should emphasize the quality control of nursing documents and take effective measures to help nurses continuously improve the quality of nursing documents.

PMID:40275301 | DOI:10.1186/s12909-025-07168-w

World J Emerg Surg. 2025 Apr 24;20(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s13017-025-00614-6.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Guidance on managing acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI) is largely based on expert opinion and retrospective studies pooling different subtypes of AMI. In clinical practice, management strategy is often selected based on the patient’s severity of illness, whereas randomized controlled trials or even adjusted analyses comparing different strategies are rarely available. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of different management options when adjusted for the baseline severity of illness.

METHODS: A literature search was performed in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus. Studies recruiting patients after the year 2000, assessing at least 10 adult patients with reliably confirmed AMI, and comparing different management approaches were considered for inclusion. Thirteen study questions on different management strategies in different subtypes of AMI were formulated a priori. We included studies reporting results of adjusted analyses or reporting any variables reflecting the severity of illness in both study groups under comparison.

RESULTS: A total of 3324 publications were identified, 321 were selected for full-text review and 31 included in the review and analysis. Most of the studies comparing different management strategies of AMI did not report the severity of illness in the groups under comparison. Any variable that could be considered to reflect the severity of illness was reported in 26 studies. The available data only allowed one meta-regression analysis comparing initial endovascular revascularization versus open surgery in arterial occlusive AMI, including four studies that reported white blood cell count and lactate. The results indicate that the significant advantage of the endovascular approach suggested in the crude analysis may be abolished when adjusting for the severity of the illness. Narrative summaries and raw data are presented for other research questions.

CONCLUSIONS: The severity of illness plays an important role in the selection of management strategy and largely determines the outcome of any treatment, yet is generally not considered in available studies assessing the management of AMI. There is a major gap in the literature precluding appropriate analyses on treatment effects. Future studies should report subtypes of AMI and the severity of illness for each group.

STUDY REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42024568497, date of registration: July 20th, 2024.

PMID:40275298 | DOI:10.1186/s13017-025-00614-6

BMC Med Educ. 2025 Apr 24;25(1):602. doi: 10.1186/s12909-025-07192-w.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The advancement of science and technology has significantly impacted nursing, emphasizing the importance of professional attitudes and caring behaviors. While previous studies have examined this relationship, limited research has considered the specific educational and sociocultural context of Iranian nursing students. This study addresses this gap by investigating how these factors shape professional attitudes and caring behaviors in an Iranian nursing education setting.

METHODS: Conducted at Tehran University of Medical Sciences in June 2024, the study involved 291 nursing students from their second to fourth years, selected through proportional random sampling. Data were gathered using the Professional Attitude for Student Nurses (IPASN) and Caring Behavior Inventory (CBI) instruments. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed using Stata version 14.

RESULTS: A weak but statistically significant positive correlation was found between overall IPASN and CBI scores (r = 0.29, p < 0.01). Multiple regression analysis identified professional attitude (β = 0.257, p < 0.001) and satisfaction with nursing (β = 0.136, p = 0.017) as significant predictors of caring behaviors.

CONCLUSIONS: Enhancing professional attitudes and satisfaction in nursing can improve caring behaviors, highlighting the need for targeted educational interventions and organizational changes.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

PMID:40275295 | DOI:10.1186/s12909-025-07192-w

Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2025 Apr 23;80:100642. doi: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2025.100642. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

SARS-CoV-2 presents a hyperinflammatory scenario due to systemic inflammatory response syndrome with intense cytokine release, with consequent extrapulmonary involvement in 20 % of patients. The authors studied whether COVID-19 intestinal damage is a direct action of the virus on intestinal epithelial cells, with damage mainly at the tight junction. This is a retrospective observational study in a tertiary hospital emergency department. The authors studied 87 patients (46 patients over 61 years and 41 patients under 60 years old) with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. The authors measured two plasma markers, LPS-Binding Protein (LBP) and ileal Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (iFABP). Furthermore, the authors evaluated the interaction between the two markers. TNF-α and IL-1 β were higher in bacterial co-infected patients and TNF-α was also higher in the older patients. Plasma iFABP levels were not statistically different in patients with bacterial co-infection; however, higher levels were found in the older population. Plasma LBP levels were higher in patients with bacterial co-infection when compared to patients without infection; however, when comparing plasma LBP levels in the older population with younger patients, no differences could be found. LBP, FABP, and cytokines can discriminate between bacterially infected patients and also discriminate elderly patients. The present study suggests that intestinal barrier dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2 infections is mainly due to damage to the intestinal tight junction complex with a disproportionately lower damage to enterocyte. In the older population, the authors also observed an increase in intestinal epithelial damage.

PMID:40273498 | DOI:10.1016/j.clinsp.2025.100642

Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2025 Apr 23;80:100605. doi: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2025.100605. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the physical and mental health of people around the world. Parkinson’s patients need to visit hospitals regularly to evaluate and adjust the dosage of drugs. Studies have shown that anxiety, exacerbated by existing conditions ‒ including the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic ‒ can aggravate the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. This study aims to assess the impact of the quarantine period on the severity of movement symptoms, quality of life, non-motor symptoms, and the relationship with sex, education level, and age in patients with Parkinson’s disease.

METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study includes 200 patients with Parkinson’s disease who were treated in Bu Ali Hospital from April 2019 to the end of 2021. Primary data was collected using the patients’ files, which included information on age, gender, education level, medications and dosage, duration of Parkinson’s disease, the severity of the disease was evaluated based on the Hohen and Yehr (H&Y) criteria, and Quality of Life (QOL) and the impact of the quarantine period on their illness and quality of life has been collected through the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software, descriptive statistics, t-test, and analysis of variance.

RESULTS: The quarantine period has a significant effect on the severity of Parkinson’s disease and quality of life. The mean severity of the disease increased from 2.85 before quarantine to 3.30 during quarantine (p < 0.05), indicating an increase in motor symptoms. Similarly, quality of life scores in all dimensions decreased from 62.8 before quarantine to 48.2 during quarantine (p < 0.05), indicating a decrease in quality of life. Pearson’s correlation test was used to investigate the relationship between age and the change in patients’ quality of life and the change in disease severity (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: The quarantine period due to the COVID-19 epidemic has had a significant impact on the severity of Parkinson’s disease and the quality of life of patients. The findings of this study indicate the need to develop strategies to provide better health care, social support, and physical activity for patients with Parkinson’s disease during quarantine and the pandemic.

PMID:40273495 | DOI:10.1016/j.clinsp.2025.100605

Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2025 Apr 23;80:100630. doi: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2025.100630. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and superiority of glucocorticoids in the treatment of severe pneumonia.

METHOD: Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) on glucocorticoids in the treatment of severe pneumonia were retrieved from CNKI, CBM, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Wanfang Database, and PubMed as of January 1, 2017. The literature was independently and objectively screened, extracted, and evaluated by two researchers, and a meta-analysis of the extracted data was performed using Revman 5.3 software.

RESULTS: Ten studies that met the inclusion criteria were included, with a cumulative total of 1120 cases. The meta-analysis results confirmed that the observation group was superior to the control group in terms of efficacy rate, temperature recovery time, cough relief time, rale disappearance time, and serum CRP level. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of the incidence of adverse reactions, mortality rate, and reinfection rate between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Glucocorticoids showed an obvious clinical efficacy in patients with severe pneumonia. However, due to the small number of included studies and the ambiguity of numerous bias risk assessments, high-quality and large-sample RCTs are still needed to provide corroborating evidence.

PMID:40273494 | DOI:10.1016/j.clinsp.2025.100630

Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2025 Apr 23;80:100654. doi: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2025.100654. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids (ω-3 PUFAs) on endometriosis.

DESIGN: The authors conducted a comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases, focusing exclusively on Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) to study the impact of ω-3 PUFAs on endometriosis. The included studies were assessed for methodological quality using the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool and analyzed using data analysis software.

RESULTS: The search yielded five RCTs conducted between the database’s inception and July 2023, with a total sample size of 424 patients with endometriosis. The meta-analysis results showed no statistically significant effects of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) on pain (Mean Difference [MD = -0.387], 95 % Confidence Interval [95 % CI -1.742-0.967], I² = 93.3 %, z = 0.56, p = 0.575), sexual activity (MD = 0.143, 95 % CI -0.210-0.497, I² = 0 %, z = 0.79, p = 0.427), pain intervention (MD = -0.216, 95 % CI -0.717-0.285, I² = 0.0 %, z = 0.84, p = 0.399), catastrophic thinking (MD = 0.158, 95 % CI -0.315-0.632, I² = 0.0 %, z = 0.66, p = 0.512) and the 12-item short form health survey (MD = 0.001, 95 % CI -0.053-0.503, I² = 0.0 %, z = 0.00, p = 1.000), which were all statistically insignificant. However, ω-3 PUFAs appeared to reduce the inflammatory response in patients with endometriosis (MD = -5.20, 95 % CI -6.21–4.20, I² = 0 %, z = 10.13, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: Based on the available evidence, ω-3 PUFAs may reduce the inflammatory response in patients with endometriosis, specifically by decreasing levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1, indicating potential anti-inflammatory properties that warrant further investigation.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO: CRD42023441699.

PMID:40273491 | DOI:10.1016/j.clinsp.2025.100654