Tag: pubmed

Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2022 Oct 30. doi: 10.1007/s00404-022-06826-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The mode of delivery influences the genital image and perception, especially regarding the effects of delivery on sexual life and intercourse. The current literature has not adequately investigated the relationship between delivery and genital appearance. The aim of the study is to determine whether the mode of delivery changes the genital perception of the woman and, in doing so, influences their acceptance. The secondary aim is to analyze the impact of genital appearance on sexuality.

METHODS: A prospective survey regarding genital appearance and the impact of delivery mode on vulvar perception was conducted in patients 6 weeks after childbirth. We enrolled 365 women for evaluation, divided into three groups: spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD 295 women 80.82%), operative vaginal delivery (OVD 36 women 9.86%) and cesarean section (CS 34 women 9.31%).

RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of vulva inspection and in the perception of genital modifications among the groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). The perception of overall genital modifications was significantly correlated with the frequency of inspection (p = 0.004) and the delivery mode (p = 0.0002).

CONCLUSION: Mode of delivery may influence the genital perception and appearance of genitalia without a decrease of sexual life and daily activity in childbirth.

PMID:36309906 | DOI:10.1007/s00404-022-06826-4

Orv Hetil. 2022 Oct 30;163(44):1751-1757. doi: 10.1556/650.2022.32615. Print 2022 Oct 30.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Congenital absence of teeth is one of the most prevalent craniofacial malformation and dental disorder. Hypodontia may present with varying degrees of severity. The absence of all teeth (anodontia) is rare. Based on epidemiological studies, it is more common in the permanent dentition, then in deciduous teeth.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to compare the dento-alveolar changes, on panoramic radiographs, between patients with hypodontia from the case group and subjects without tooth agenesis from the control group.

METHOD: Measurements were performed on panoramic radiographs. The results were compared between the patients with hypodontia and the subjects from the control group. Dento-alveolar linear and angular measurements were performed. The mean age of the 60 subjects was 14.15 ± 4.48 years, to which a control group was assigned with a mean age 13.98 ± 4.07 years. 70% of the study population were female and 30% were male.

RESULTS: We found statistically significant differences between the case group and the control group in the case of transverse measurements and unilateral linear measurements (p<0.01).

CONCLUSION: Hypodontia will affect the transversal development of mandibular dento-alveolar structures, and will cause the decrease of gonial angle. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(44): 1751-1757.

PMID:36309889 | DOI:10.1556/650.2022.32615

Am J Hypertens. 2022 Oct 30:hpac121. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpac121. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We investigated the association between ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and the risk of home hypertension in a normotensive population and whether considering ambulatory BP improves the 10-year prediction model for home hypertension risk, which was developed in the previous Ohasama Study.

METHODS: In this prospective study, we followed up 410 participants (83.2% women; age, 53.6 years) without home and ambulatory hypertension in the general population of Ohasama, Japan. The Cox model was used to assess the hazard ratios for home hypertension (home BP ≥135/≥85 mmHg or initiation of antihypertensive treatment) and model improvement.

RESULTS: During a mean 14.2-year follow-up, 225 home hypertension incidences occurred. The hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for home hypertension incidence per 1-standard deviation higher (=6.76 mmHg) 24-h systolic BP was 1.59 (1.33-1.90), after adjustments for possible confounding factors, including baseline home systolic BP. Harrell’s C-statistics increased from 0.72 to 0.73 (P=0.11) when 24-h systolic BP was added to the basic 10-year home hypertension prediction model, which includes sex, age, body mass index, smoking status, office systolic BP, and baseline home systolic BP. Continuous net reclassification improvement (0.53, P<0.0001) and integrated discrimination improvement (0.028, P=0.0014) revealed improvement in the model.

CONCLUSIONS: 24-h systolic BP could be an independent predictor of future home hypertension. Home BP and 24-h BP can longitudinally influence each other in the long term.

PMID:36309880 | DOI:10.1093/ajh/hpac121

Eur Spine J. 2022 Oct 30. doi: 10.1007/s00586-022-07417-2. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Paediatric intervertebral disc calcification (PIDC) is a rare disease, and its aetiology remains unknown. This study aimed to analyse the characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with PIDC.

METHODS: After applying the exclusion and inclusion criteria, 159 children diagnosed with PIDC were analysed at our hospital between January 2010 and November 2020. Patients’ demographic and clinical data were collected, such as sex, pain, duration time, physical examination, white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Patients were followed up for at least 6 months, and radiography or symptoms were evaluated. Fisher’s exact test or χ²-test was used for statistical analyses.

RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-nine patients were ultimately followed up with for about 12.5 ± 5.8 months. There were 103 male and 56 female, with an average age of 6.08 ± 2.62 years (2 months to 12 years). A total of 109 patients had only one PIDC, 29 patients had two PIDCs, and 21 patients had multiple PIDCs. Thirty patients were found incidentally and were asymptomatic. A total of 106 patients had neck torticollis. Sixteen patients had IDC herniations, fifteen patients had posterior longitudinal ligament calcification, two patients had anterior longitudinal ligament calcification, and 17 patients had herniation of the vertebral canal. All patients underwent conservative treatment, and none underwent surgery. All patients’ symptoms resolved after either collar fixation or neck traction.

CONCLUSION: PIDC can be treated conservatively, even when accompanied by herniation, longitudinal ligament calcification, or clinical neck symptoms.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

PMID:36309875 | DOI:10.1007/s00586-022-07417-2

Isr Med Assoc J. 2022 Oct;24(10):661-665.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Gestational hypertensive (GH) disorders remain a major obstetric problem.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the incidence of gestational hypertensive disorders among participants undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI) after exposure to various levels of sperm from sperm donation (SD).

METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted at a single tertiary medical center between 2011 and 2019. Participants conceived via IUI using SD from a single sperm bank and had a successful singleton birth. Group 1 conceived during 1-2 cycles of IUI from the same sperm donor; whereas Group 2 after 3+ cycles.

RESULTS: Overall 171 patients (Group 1 = 81, Group 2 = 90) met inclusion criteria. Participants showed no differences in age, chronic medical conditions, or history of pregnancy complications. The groups differed in gravidity and parity. The factors positively associated with Group 1 included either preeclampsia or GH (11 [13.5%] vs. 1 [1.1%], P = 0.001) and GH alone (8 [9.9%] vs. 1 [1.1%], P = 0.014). Newborns from Group 1 had a statistically significant lower birth weight than those from Group 2 (3003 grams ± 564.21 vs. 3173 grams ± 502.59, P = 0.039). GH was more prevalent in Group 1 (P = 0.008) than a control group of 45,278 participants who conceived spontaneously. No significant differences were observed between Group 2 and the control group.

CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of GH and preeclampsia in participants was higher among those exposed to 1-2 cycles than those exposed to 3+ cycles of IUI.

PMID:36309862

Isr Med Assoc J. 2022 Oct;24(10):654-660.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. There are limited data on the management of PCNSL outside of clinical trials.

OBJECTIVES: To report experience with three main high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX)-based protocols for PCNSL treatment at one medical center.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of patients diagnosed with PCNSL who were treated at Soroka Medical Center between 2007 and 2019.

RESULTS: The study included 36 patients, median age 64.9 years; 33 patients received a HDMTX backbone induction therapy, 21 (58.3%) received consolidation treatment in addition. In the entire cohort, 25 patients (75.7%) achieved complete remission (CR, CRu-unconfirmed), with mean progression-free survival (PFS) 32 ± 6.9 months and median overall survival (OS) 59.6 ± 12.4 months. More aggressive regiment such as combination of rituximab, HDMTX, cytarabine and thiotepa had better responses 5 (100%) CR, but also a higher incidence of side effects such as neutropenic fever 5 (100%). In subgroup analysis by age (younger vs. older than 60 years), the PFS was 24.2 vs. 9.3 months, and OS was 64.1 vs. 19.4 months, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: A difference in CR and PFS favored a more aggressive protocol, but the toxicity of the multiagent combinations was significantly higher. The prognosis in younger was better than in older patients, with higher rates of CR, PFS, and OS, although not statistically significant. Overall treatment outcomes are encouraging; however, there is a real need for an adaptive approach for older patients and balancing among the effectiveness and side effects.

PMID:36309861

Isr Med Assoc J. 2022 Oct;24(10):649-653.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disorder characterized by an erythematous pruritic rash. The disorder can be either irritant or allergic. Allergic contact dermatitis is diagnosed by patch testing along with patient history.

OBJECTIVES: To review the results of patch tests conducted thought 2 years and to present real-life data characterizing clinical features and comparing prevalent local allergens to the ones common worldwide.

METHODS: The retrospective cohort included 517 participants (384 females and 133 males) who underwent patch testing during a 2-year period. For each patient, clinical and demographic data were collected, and statistical analysis was conducted.

RESULTS: We found that 261 patients had a positive test for at least one allergen. More females tested positive than males (52.9% vs. 43.6%). Test indications other than dermatitis were associated with a negative result. Hands, head, and neck were the most prevalent body parts affected. Patients with a background of atopic dermatitis had a higher rate of contact sensitization (69 vs. 43). Patients with a specific suspected offending allergen had significantly higher contact sensitizations. The most common allergen was nickel.

CONCLUSIONS: Patch testing should be conducted in patients with relevant dermatological findings accompanied by taking a thorough medical history. Clinicians should be updated on emerging allergens and exposure trends.

PMID:36309860

Cancer. 2022 Oct 30. doi: 10.1002/cncr.34503. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women in the United States. Previous analyses show that breast cancer incidence increased from 1999 to 2018. The purpose of this article is to examine trends in breast cancer mortality.

METHODS: Analysis of 1999 to 2020 mortality data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, among women by race/ethnicity, age, and US Census region.

RESULTS: It was found that overall breast cancer mortality is decreasing but varies by race/ethnicity, age group, and US Census region. The largest decrease in mortality was observed among non-Hispanic White women, women aged 45 to 64 years of age, and women living in the Northeast; whereas the smallest decrease in mortality was observed among non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander women, women aged 65 years or older, and women living in the South.

CONCLUSION: This report provides national estimates of breast cancer mortality from 1999 to 2020 by race/ethnicity, age group, and US Census region. The decline in breast cancer mortality varies by demographic group. Disparities in breast cancer mortality have remained consistent over the past two decades. Using high-quality cancer surveillance data to estimate trends in breast cancer mortality may help health care professionals and public health prevention programs tailor screening and diagnostic interventions to address these disparities.

PMID:36309838 | DOI:10.1002/cncr.34503

Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2022 Oct 30:e3588. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.3588. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: It remained unknown about the status of and trends in racial/ethnic subgroup reporting in the diabetes trials over the past two decades.

OBJECTIVES: In this survey, we aimed to evaluate the current state of and temporal trends in subgroup reporting by race/ethnicity regarding the effects of interventions in diabetes randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from year 2000 to 2020, and to explore the potential trial factors in relation to racial/ethnic subgroup reporting.

METHODS: We searched electronic databases for eligible diabetes RCTs. The outcome was whether the trials had the event of racial/ethnic subgroup reporting regarding the intervention effects on trial primary outcomes. Poisson regression was used to assess the temporal trends in racial/ethnic subgroup reporting, and univariable logistic regression models were employed for evaluating trial factors related to racial/ethnic subgroup reporting.

RESULTS: A total of 405 diabetes RCTs were eligible for inclusion. There were 26 (6.42%) trials with racial/ethnic subgroup reporting. A chronological trend towards increased rates of racial/ethnic subgroup reporting was observed; however the trend was not statistically significant (p = 0.07). Advanced patients’ age (Odds ratio [OR] = 2.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24 – 6.88), follow-up duration (OR = 3.53, 95% CI:1.13 – 11.00) and BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, and People of Color) enrollment (OR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.01 – 5.62) were found to positively relate with racial/ethnic subgroup reporting, while the industrial funding was associated with decreased reporting (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.19 – 0.97). Less than one fourth of the trials with racial/ethnic subgroup reporting predefined the subgroup analysis.

CONCLUSIONS: The majority of diabetes RCTs did not report intervention effects by racial/ethnic subgroup, which was not temporally improved over the past two decades. More efforts and strategies are needed to improve the racial/ethnic subgroup consideration and reporting in diabetes trials. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:36309818 | DOI:10.1002/dmrr.3588

Occup Ther Health Care. 2022 Oct 29:1-18. doi: 10.1080/07380577.2022.2138675. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group study was to examine the effect of group synchronous action observation/mental practice intervention compared to usual rehabilitation care on upper extremity motor recovery after stroke. The intervention group (n = 25) received usual care, consisting of a minimum of 3 hours of rehabilitation services per day, 5 days a week, plus group synchronous action observation/mental practice sessions 3 times per week and the control group (n = 26) received usual care. Outcome measures included the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire Short Version (KVIQ-10), the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA-UE) of affected upper extremity motor function only and The Box and Block Test (BBT). Although there were no statistically significant differences in upper extremity motor function between the two groups, a subgroup analysis of the intervention group identified statistically significant (FMA-UE: p < .001; BBT: p = .04) and Minimally Important Clinical Differences on upper extremity motor recovery between patients with behaviors demonstrating more versus less commitment to the intervention. Group synchronous action observation/mental practice is a promising intervention for patients demonstrating commitment to actively participating in the intervention to improve outcomes on upper extremity motor recovery after stroke.

PMID:36309807 | DOI:10.1080/07380577.2022.2138675