Tag: pubmed

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022 Oct;26(19):6972-6978. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202210_29879.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a multifactorial disease that is the most common among sleep-related respiratory disorders. In our study, we aimed to compare the objective and subjective voice analysis results of the patients with CPAP treatment indication after polysomnography performed in the sleep disorders center before the start of CPAP treatment, the 1st month, and the 3rd month after the treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were asked to say the vowels /ɑ:/ for 5 seconds, respectively for voice recording. MPT and S/Z ratios were also recorded. Using the Praat voice analysis program Jitter%, Shimmer%, HNR, f0 values were obtained. VHI-10 questionnaire was applied. The voice analysis results of the patients before and after the treatment were compared.

RESULTS: 26 patients were included in the study. Since 8 of these patients did not come to the 3rd month evaluation, the study was completed with the data of 18 patients. In our study, at the end of the 3rd month, no difference was found in terms of the fundamental frequency, Shimmer%, HNR, and S/Z values. There was a statistically significant decrease in Jitter% at the 1st month after treatment and 3rd month after treatment compared to pre-treatment (p=0.05, p=0.018). There was a statistically significant decrease in MPT at the 1st month after treatment and 3rd month after treatment compared to pre-treatment (p<0.001, p<0.001). There was a statistically significant decrease in VHI-10 at the 1st month and 3rd month after treatment compared to pre-treatment. Furthermore, there was statistically significant difference between 3rd month after treatment compared to 1st month after treatment. (p=0.043, p=0.030, p=0.029).

CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that CPAP treatment had both objective and subjective positive effects on voice recovery in the OSA patient group.

PMID:36263577 | DOI:10.26355/eurrev_202210_29879

J Med Virol. 2022 Oct 19. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28244. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

we read with great interest the letter by Giacomelli et al. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:36261876 | DOI:10.1002/jmv.28244

J Labelled Comp Radiopharm. 2022 Oct 19. doi: 10.1002/jlcr.4005. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulinoma are mainly affected by the status of pancreatic β-cell mass (BCM). Development of imaging agents for BCM allows to study pancreatic β cells and the relationship between β cells and DM or insulinoma. In this study, we investigated the density of dopamine D₁ receptor on the β cells and measured BCM by statistical image processing. The pancreatic uptakes of [¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-7-chloro-8-hydroxy-1-(3′-iodopheny1)-3-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine ([¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-TISCH), dopamine D₁ receptor tracer, in normal and diabetic rats displayed significant differences at 30 min (1.11 ± 0.08% ID/g vs 0.63 ± 0.09% ID/g, P < 0.0001). In presence of SCH23390, the pancreatic uptake of [¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-TISCH at 30 min in normal rats was lower (1.01 ± 0.04% ID/g, P < 0.05). Although the blocking was not complete, [¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-TISCH showed specific binding signals to pancreas. Furthermore, the uptakes of [¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-TISCH in INS-1 cells were reduced in presence of SCH23390 at different concentrations. [¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-TISCH displayed a respectable uptake in insulinoma. Overall, [¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-TISCH provided specific binding signals to pancreatic β cells. Although the specific signal may not be sufficient for imaging in vivo, the dopamine D₁ receptor can still be considered as a potential target for studying BCM. Further investigation will be required to optimize the ligand.

PMID:36261868 | DOI:10.1002/jlcr.4005

BMC Health Serv Res. 2022 Oct 19;22(1):1266. doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-08645-4.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Parental satisfaction is a well-established outcome indicator and tool for assessing a healthcare system’s quality, as well as input for developing strategies for providing acceptable patient care. This study aimed to assess parental satisfaction with neonatal intensive care unit service and its associated factors.

METHOD: A cross-sectional study design was conducted on parents whose neonates were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, in North Central Ethiopia. Data were collected by adopting an EMPATHIC-N instrument during the day of neonatal discharge, after translating the English version of the instrument to the local language (Amharic). Both Bivariable and multivariable logistic analyses were done to identify factors associated with parental satisfaction with neonatal intensive care unit service. P < 0.05 with 95% CI was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: The data analysis was done on 385 parents with a response rate of 95.06%. The overall average satisfaction of parents with neonatal intensive care unit service was 47.8% [95% CI= (43.1-52.5)]. The average parental satisfaction of neonatal intensive care unit service in the information dimension was 50.40%; in the care and treatment dimension was 36.9%, in the parental participation dimension was 50.1%, in the organization dimension was 59.0% and the professional attitude dimension was 48.6%. Gender of parents, residency, parental hospital stay, birth weight, and gestational age were factors associated with parental satisfaction.

CONCLUSION: There was a low level of parental satisfaction with neonatal intensive care unit service. Among the dimensions of EMPATHIC-N, the lowest parental satisfaction score was in the care and treatment while the highest parental satisfaction score was in the organization dimension.

PMID:36261864 | DOI:10.1186/s12913-022-08645-4

Diagn Progn Res. 2022 Oct 20;6(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s41512-022-00133-x.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND RESEARCH AIM: The incidence and mortality of liver cancer have been increasing in the UK in recent years. However, liver cancer is still under-studied. The Early Detection of Hepatocellular Liver Cancer (DeLIVER-QResearch) project aims to address the research gap and generate new knowledge to improve early detection and diagnosis of primary liver cancer from general practice and at the population level. There are three research objectives: (1) to understand the current epidemiology of primary liver cancer in England, (2) to identify and quantify the symptoms and comorbidities associated with liver cancer, and (3) to develop and validate prediction models for early detection of liver cancer suitable for implementation in clinical settings.

METHODS: This population-based study uses the QResearch® database (version 46) and includes adult patients aged 25-84 years old and without a diagnosis of liver cancer at the cohort entry (study period: 1 January 2008-30 June 2021). The team conducted a literature review (with additional clinical input) to inform the inclusion of variables for data extraction from the QResearch database. A wide range of statistical techniques will be used for the three research objectives, including descriptive statistics, multiple imputation for missing data, conditional logistic regression to investigate the association between the clinical features (symptoms and comorbidities) and the outcome, fractional polynomial terms to explore the non-linear relationship between continuous variables and the outcome, and Cox/competing risk regression for the prediction model. We have a specific focus on the 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year absolute risks of developing liver cancer, as risks at different time points have different clinical implications. The internal-external cross-validation approach will be used, and the discrimination and calibration of the prediction model will be evaluated.

DISCUSSION: The DeLIVER-QResearch project uses large-scale representative population-based data to address the most relevant research questions for early detection and diagnosis of primary liver cancer in England. This project has great potential to inform the national cancer strategic plan and yield substantial public and societal benefits.

PMID:36261855 | DOI:10.1186/s41512-022-00133-x

J Clin Periodontol. 2022 Oct 19. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13735. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To assess any differences (1) in the prevalence of periodontitis and necrotizing periodontal diseases, specifically necrotizing gingivitis (NG) and necrotizing periodontitis (NP) between HIV patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and those not receiving the therapy and (2) in the severity of periodontitis based on probing depths (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) between the two groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Systematic electronic search on 5 databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and Scielo) was conducted to identify cross-sectional and longitudinal studies reporting on prevalence of NG, NP, and periodontitis among HIV patients who either receive or do not receive HAART treatment. The differences on clinical parameters of probing depths (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) among these patients was assessed.

RESULTS: 18 articles were considered. The meta-analysis for NG showed that the overall assessment for the relative frequency ratio in the two groups was 0.45 (n=7;95%CI: [0.21-0.97]; p<0.042). Regarding NP the overall assessment for the relative frequency ratio in both groups was 0.60 (n=5;95%CI: [0.22-1.64]; p=0.321). In regards to periodontitis the overall assessment for the relative frequency ratio in the two groups was 1.17 (n=9;95%CI: [0.90-1.52]; p=0.248). No significant differences in PD and CAL were found between the two groups 0.00 (n=3; 95%CI: [-0.52-0.53]; p=0.985) and 0.32 (n=3; 95%CI:[ -0.19-0.82]; p=0.22) respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of NG appeared to be significantly reduced in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. No statistical significant difference was found in the prevalence of NP or periodontitis between the two groups. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:36261851 | DOI:10.1111/jcpe.13735

BMC Nurs. 2022 Oct 20;21(1):283. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-01065-z.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Simulators in a clinical environment provide a space where students can acquire skills and experience under the supervision of their professors without any worries or inflicting any harm on their patients. The current study aimed to compare the effects of teaching through simulation and the traditional method on nursing students’ self-efficacy skills and clinical performance.

METHOD: The current study was quasi-experimental and adopted a pre-test & post-test design. The population consisted of 122 students of nursing, out of whom 100 students were selected as the sample. Then, they were randomly divided into an experimental and a control group. A questionnaire assessed the students’ self-efficacy skills and clinical performance before and after implementing the instructional programs. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques in SPSS 23.

FINDINGS: The mean of the participants’ self-efficacy scores increased significantly after the intervention (from 87.57 to 142.13). Moreover, the mean of the participants’ clinical performance increased significantly after the intervention (from 2.16 to 4.57). The findings indicated that simulation teaching significantly affects nursing students’ self-efficacy and clinical performance.

CONCLUSION: Simulation was recommended as an effective teaching methodology, particularly in nurses’ internship wards. In other words, acquiring the essential skills through applying the simulation method is recommended before entering real-world environments.

PMID:36261828 | DOI:10.1186/s12912-022-01065-z

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022 Oct 19;23(1):923. doi: 10.1186/s12891-022-05883-9.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Intervertebral disc pathology is the most common identifiable cause of chronic lower back pain (CLBP). There are limited conservative alternatives to treat discogenic axial CLBP. Back Rx is a mobile application (app) developed to treat patients with this condition, following the Back Rx exercise program, assisted by a virtual coach.

METHODS: Patients 18 to 65 years of age, with axial CLBP (more than 3 months), and evidence of lumbar disc pathology by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were enrolled to the study. Patients’ symptomatology was prospectively evaluated at baseline and after 3 months of using the Back Rx app. The main outcome of the study was back pain evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Secondary outcomes were the patient’s functionality, the weekly pain medication intake, the patients’ adherence to the app, and the patients´ satisfaction rate.

RESULTS: Seventy-five patients with CLBP were enrolled in the study. All patients had a statistically significant improvement from baseline to final follow-up in the average VAS scores, and the functionality evaluations. Average VAS scores decreased from 5.17 ± 2.1 at baseline to 3.8 ± 2.6 at final follow-up (P = 0.016). Patients showed a significant decrease in the number of pain medications taken during a week (P = 0.001). Overall compliance with the app was 52%, and 65% of the patients rated the overall experience as good or excellent.

CONCLUSION: The Back Rx app decreased pain and increased function in patients with discogenic axial CLBP compared to their baseline status. Further measures are needed to increase patients’ compliance with the app and the Back Rx program.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: Retrospectively registered in 2/2/2017 NCT03040310 (ClinicalTrials.gov).

PMID:36261825 | DOI:10.1186/s12891-022-05883-9

BMC Surg. 2022 Oct 19;22(1):362. doi: 10.1186/s12893-022-01811-9.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Reconstruction of the maxillary defects following tumor ablation remains to be a challenge for surgeons. Virtual surgical planning (VSP), intraoperative cutting guides and stereolithographic models provides the head and neck reconstructive surgeon with powerful tools for complex reconstruction planning. Despite its use in fibular osteocutaneous reconstruction, application to the scapular free flap has not been as widely reported. The aim of this study was to compare aesthetic results and operation time of free scapular flap, with and without computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) customized osteotomy guide, for reconstruction of maxillary defects.

METHODS: In this prospective randomized controlled clinical trial study, we randomly assigned 22 patients with maxillary defects who were scheduled to undergo maxillary reconstruction with either free scapular flap with CAD/CAM customized osteotomy guide; study group (n = 11) or free scapular flap without CAD/CAM customized osteotomy guide; control group (n = 11). All patients were followed up for 3 months. The aesthetic outcome, operation and ischemic times were evaluated and compared.

RESULTS: Aesthetic outcomes were evaluated objectively by means of differential surface area (sagittal and axial) measurement, which showed improved aesthetic outcome (contour symmetry) in the study group with a mean of (241.39 ± 113.74 mm²), compared to patients in control group with a mean of (358.70 ± 143.99 mm²). There were significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). Aesthetic outcomes were also evaluated subjectively by means of visual analogue scale (VAS) and patient’s satisfaction score (PSS). The postoperative aesthetic appearance was better in the study group with more patients satisfied than that in control group and there were statistically significant differences (P = 0.039). The mean total operative time was 678.81 min and 777.18 min in the study group and control group respectively (P < 0.05) and the mean ischemia time was 133.18 min and 195.72 min for study group and control group respectively (P < 0.05). The ischemia time and total operative time were shorter in the study group compared to those in the control group and there were no flap losses in both groups.

CONCLUSION: The use of CAD/CAM prefabricated cutting guides facilitates scapular flap molding and placement, minimizes ischemic time and operating time as well as improves aesthetic outcomes. Trial registration This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov.

REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03757286. Registration date: 28/11/2018.

PMID:36261822 | DOI:10.1186/s12893-022-01811-9

BMC Oral Health. 2022 Oct 19;22(1):450. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02482-x.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate possible intracranial pressure (ICP) changes caused by screw activations during active microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) therapy of post-pubertal individuals by measuring the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) under ultrasonography (US) guidance.

METHODS: This study’s participants comprised 15 patients (7 males, 8 females) with posterior crossbite and a mean age of 16.7 years (14.25-20.08 years). The Maxillary Skeletal Expander (MSE) appliance was used to perform MARPE in all patients. Their vital signs (heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂)) were recorded. The ONSD was measured by US immediately before the first screw activation (T0), and the measurements were repeated 1 min (T1) and 10 min (T2) after the first activation. In the last session of active MARPE therapy, the same measurement protocol was performed as in the first activation session (T3, T4, and T5). The patients’ perceptions of pain during the screw activation were also noted at T1 and T4 using a four-category verbal rating scale (VRS-4). The significant differences among different time intervals performed with the Friedman test (for all tested variables; SpO2, MAP, Heart Rate, VRS-4 and ONSD). Spearman correlation test was used for VRS-4 and ONSD comparisons. The statistical significance level was accepted as p < 0.05.

RESULTS: The ONSD values ​​(T1 and T4) relatively increased within 1 min after screw activation but did not reach a statistically significant level (p > 0.05). There was also no significant difference between the initial (T0) and the final (T5) ONSD values ​​during the active MARPE therapy (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: There is no changes or alterations in intracranial pressure in late adolescents during active MARPE therapy.

PMID:36261817 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-022-02482-x