Tag: pubmed

Int Orthop. 2026 Jan 5. doi: 10.1007/s00264-025-06722-x. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Nonoperative treatment is the preferred initial intervention for plantar fasciitis. However, some patients fail to respond and present with continued pain. This study investigated the effectiveness of concentrated bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) injections in the treatment of recalcitrant plantar fasciitis.

METHODS: Retrospective chart review was performed to identify patients diagnosed with chronic plantar fasciitis that underwent treatment with BMAC injection. Bone marrow aspirate was harvested from the iliac crest, concentrated, and injected into the site of maximal tenderness in the plantar fascia. Visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores were collected before and after the BMAC injection at six, ten, 24, and 48 weeks. Postoperative complications were recorded.

RESULTS: A total of 19 patients (19 feet) with chronic plantar fasciitis were treated with BMAC injection. Average age was 52.6 (SD, ± 7.5) years with an average BMI of 26.4 (SD, ± 4.6) kg/m². The average duration of pain prior to the BMAC injection was 2.5 (SD, ± 1.3) years. Preoperatively, average VAS was 7.5 (SD, ± 2.3), with significant improvement at six weeks (mean, 2.3; SD, ± 1.2), ten weeks (mean, 2.2; SD, ± 1.2), 24 weeks (mean 1.7; SD, ± 1.1), and at 48 weeks (mean, 1.1; SD, ± 0.7) postoperatively (all p < 0.05). No complications were observed at the surgical or donor site.

CONCLUSION: Patients with recalcitrant plantar fasciitis treated with BMAC injection demonstrated and maintained a statistically significant decrease in VAS pain score upon assessment at each postoperative follow-up up to 48 weeks, with no adverse effects at the donor or injection site. These findings suggest that BMAC injection may be a safe treatment option offering early pain relief.

PMID:41489648 | DOI:10.1007/s00264-025-06722-x

Pediatr Surg Int. 2026 Jan 5;42(1):62. doi: 10.1007/s00383-025-06281-7.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Advances in pediatric healthcare have improved survival rates of congenital urogenital conditions, emphasizing the need for effective transition programs from pediatric to adult care. However, transition challenges often lead to suboptimal outcomes. This study evaluated a structured urologic transitional care program’s impact on transition readiness and healthcare resource utilization in a single-payer healthcare system.

METHODS: A retrospective comparative study included 106 patients aged 12-21 with congenital urogenital conditions. The intervention group (n = 53) participated in a urologic transitional care program, while the control group (n = 53) received standard care. Transition readiness was assessed using the Good2Go questionnaire, evaluating self-advocacy, knowledge, self-care, and social support. Healthcare resource utilization was measured through emergency room (ER) visits, admissions, and complications.

RESULTS: At baseline, transition readiness scores showed no significant differences between groups, although higher ER-to-admission ratios were observed in the intervention group. Post-intervention, the intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in knowledge readiness (mean difference: +12.78, p = 0.005) and reductions in ER visits (mean difference: – 0.64, p = 0.022) and admissions (mean difference: – 0.28, p = 0.007) compared to controls. Difference-in-differences analysis confirmed significant improvements in knowledge readiness in the intervention group, although reductions in all ER metrics were inconclusive.

CONCLUSIONS: The urologic transitional care program effectively enhanced knowledge readiness and possibly reduced ER visits among adolescents with congenital urogenital conditions. These findings underscore the importance of structured interventions to support successful transitions. Additional strategies are needed to address other readiness domains, healthcare resource utilization and the sustainability of long-term benefits.

CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRY: This study was not registered in a clinical trials registry as it is a retrospective observational study. IRB study approval granted by UAB # 300012178; SickKids REB # 1000079219.

PMID:41489647 | DOI:10.1007/s00383-025-06281-7

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2026 Jan 5. doi: 10.1007/s00406-025-02191-w. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Observational studies have indicated interplay between lipid profiles and mental disorders, but genetic causal evidence remains limited. This study aimed to assess bidirectional causal links between lipid profiles and five major mental disorders using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

METHODS: We performed a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis utilizing genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics from European populations. Genetic instruments were selected for five psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder (BIP), and schizophrenia (SCZ)) and six lipid traits: triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL/LDL) and apolipoproteins (Apo A-1, Apo B). The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method served as the primary analytical approach, complemented by MR-Egger regression to evaluate horizontal pleiotropy.

RESULTS: Forward MR analysis suggested a significant causal relationship between LDL and MDD (p_(MDD) < 0.001, OR (95%CI) = 0.888 (0.833-0.946)), TG and anxiety (p_(anxiety) = 0.016, OR (95%CI) = 1.057(1.010-1.105)). Reverse MR analysis indicated that genetic liability to MDD ( p = 0.017, OR (95%CI) = 1.096(1.016-1.182), and ADHD ( p = 0.009, OR (95%CI) = 1.039( 1.009-1.069)) elevated TG levels, anxiety disorders increased HDL (p = 0.003, OR (95%CI) = 1.288( 1.029-1.520)), LDL (p = 0.001,OR (95%CI) = 1.176(1.066-1.298)), Apo A-1 (p = 0.012,OR(95%CI) = 1.306(1.060-1.609)), and Apo B (p = 0.007,OR(95%CI) = 1.134(1.036-1.241)), whereas SCZ was inversely correlated with lipid profiles. No causal relationships were observed for bipolar disorder.

CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that genetically predicted TG levels may influence anxiety risk, while genetic predisposition to MDD and ADHD may contribute to dyslipidemia. Our study provides genetic evidence supporting a potential causal interplay between lipid metabolism and mental disorders, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary care and personalized monitoring to address psycho-metabolic comorbidities.

PMID:41489637 | DOI:10.1007/s00406-025-02191-w

Diabet Med. 2026 Jan 5:e70211. doi: 10.1111/dme.70211. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To utilise Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase II (FDS2) data to examine the association between Type 2 diabetes and incident aortic valve replacement (AVR) and to investigate potential risk factors in Type 2 diabetes.

METHODS: We followed 1430 FDS2 participants (mean age 66 years, 53% males) and 5720 age-, sex-, and postcode-matched people without diabetes from entry (2008-2011) to end-2021 for AVR ascertained from validated linked databases. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated. Cox proportional hazards and competing risk models generated cause-specific (cs) and subdistribution (sd) hazard ratios (HRs) for incident AVR.

RESULTS: At baseline, 11 participants with Type 2 diabetes (0.8%) and 37 without diabetes (0.6%) had undergone AVR (p = 0.589). There were 24 (1.7%) and 40 (0.7%) first incident AVR hospitalisations, respectively, in the two groups during 73,498 person-years of follow-up (IRR 2.40 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38, 4.08], p = 0.0007). In pooled analyses, Type 2 diabetes had similar csHR (2.38 [1.43, 3.96]) and sdHR (2.34 [1.41, 3.88]), with increasing age and male sex as other statistically significant covariates. In Type 2 diabetes, incident AVR was bivariably associated with baseline blood glucose-lowering treatment intensity (p = 0.003) and with distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSPN) after age and sex adjustment (p = 0.025).

CONCLUSIONS: Type 2 diabetes more than doubles the risk of AVR after adjusting for the competing risk of death. People with Type 2 diabetes going on to require AVR were more intensively managed and were more likely to have DSPN at baseline.

PMID:41489041 | DOI:10.1111/dme.70211

J Dev Orig Health Dis. 2026 Jan 5;17:e3. doi: 10.1017/S2040174425100354.

ABSTRACT

Research into the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) has established links between environmental exposures in early life and later-life health outcomes. Emerging interventions typically focus on improving maternal nutrition and neonatal healthcare practices yet often neglect to assess or enhance subject understanding of potential long-term impacts or to communicate the benefits of maximising parental health prior to conception. This study critically evaluates a survey tool developed to measure knowledge of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and early-life contributors to lifelong health. The rationale behind the wording and format of the questions is examined alongside options for coding and statistical interpretation of the data. Considerations for implementation are discussed, illustrated by key findings arising from tracking of the tool’s application in Aotearoa New Zealand over ten years. We demonstrate that the survey tool can be adapted for use in a variety of contexts, producing both quantitative and qualitative baseline data suitable for informing health promotion interventions and monitoring changes in population knowledge. This research also highlights a key difference between awareness of and understanding of scientific concepts and the importance of distinguishing between these when considering public engagement with science.

PMID:41489014 | DOI:10.1017/S2040174425100354

JBI Evid Synth. 2026 Jan 5. doi: 10.11124/JBIES-25-00084. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to determine the effectiveness of play therapy versus non-play interventions in improving the quality of life, physical and psychosocial functioning, and activity participation of children and adolescents with cancer in palliative care settings.

INTRODUCTION: Integrating play interventions early in pediatric palliative care for children and adolescents with cancer, especially in low- to middle-income countries where survival rates are low, is essential for addressing the holistic needs of children or adolescents and their families; however, it remains underutilized.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: This review will include studies examining children and adolescents with cancer (≤18 years) receiving palliative care. Interventions of interest encompass play therapy, therapeutic play, or play-based activities. Studies will include a comparator group, which will consist of standard palliative care approaches that do not involve play therapy. The primary outcome is patient quality of life; the secondary outcomes encompass physical and psychosocial functions, and activity participation. Eligible study designs will include experimental and quasi-experimental designs, and analytical observational studies. Mixed methods studies that include quantitative data will also be considered.

METHODS: This review will follow the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness. A comprehensive search will be conducted across MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, PEDro, ProQuest, World Health Organization, and Google Scholar. Eligible studies will be critically appraised for methodological quality using JBI appraisal instruments. Where possible, statistical meta-analysis will be conducted using a random-effects model. The certainty of evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, and a Summary of Findings will be created.

REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD420250655458.

PMID:41489011 | DOI:10.11124/JBIES-25-00084

J Hum Nutr Diet. 2026 Feb;39(1):e70197. doi: 10.1111/jhn.70197.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Mothers in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Programme for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) have lower breastfeeding rates than eligible non-participating mothers. The availability of free formula is suspected to make WIC mothers more likely to shift to formula feeding when facing challenges in breastfeeding. Resilience could be a potential factor that facilitates mothers in sticking with their original breastfeeding plan.

METHODS: To understand the complex relationship between breastfeeding and resilience among WIC mothers, we conducted a qualitative study in Chesapeake, Virginia, USA, with 23 in-depth interviews and surveys in English and Spanish with WIC pregnant mothers. The interviews were transcribed, and the transcripts were analysed by independent researchers using NVivo 12. The descriptive statistics of the survey results were estimated.

RESULTS: A conceptual framework was developed in which five dimensions of resilience were identified: optimism, emotion regulation, self-efficacy, adaptation and social support. Resilience was a key factor among WIC mothers, moderating whether they intended to sustain breastfeeding or to switch to infant formula in the face of challenges. Pumping breastmilk was ranked as the first alternative to breastfeeding for most mothers. The common concerns about breastfeeding included milk supply (61%), baby’s health (57%) and convenience (26%).

CONCLUSIONS: This framework provides initial evidence to explain the lower breastfeeding rate among WIC mothers and can guide WIC policies and interventions to promote breastfeeding in the programme. Future research is needed to understand the role of resilience in breastfeeding behaviours and outcomes in the WIC programme.

PMID:41489006 | DOI:10.1111/jhn.70197

JBI Evid Synth. 2026 Jan 5. doi: 10.11124/JBIES-24-00548. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We present a framework to guide researchers in contacting and retrieving trial data from trialists. This framework serves 2 purposes i) to provide a consistent and transparent approach for contacting authors, and ii) to describe how to record clearly all contact attempts and to identify trialists who have not responded to reasonable attempts at communication. This framework will help researchers identify trials that may require investigation for data integrity issues.

BACKGROUND: Individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) is considered the gold standard for evaluating clinical interventions. The popularity of IPD-MA has increased due to the potential for advanced statistical analyses and the ability to test data veracity prior to analysis. Contacting trialists and requesting data is the most time-intensive step in an IPD-MA project. Often, many datasets are not retrieved, as authors are uncontactable or do not share data. This absence of IPD can bias meta-analysis and interpretation of results. Currently, there is no framework in place to guide researchers in contacting trialists and to define a reasonable point to cease communication attempts.

PROPOSED FRAMEWORK: The framework consists of 4 approaches: first, contacting the listed authors on the trial publication; second, contacting the trialists’ associated institutions (hospitals and universities); third, contacting colleagues from similar regions within a particular country; And fourth, contacting the journal in search of trialists’ contact details. If trialists do not respond to sustained communication attempts, their study should be classified as “non-responding.” Depending on the trial context, non-responding trialists or those who respond with concerning reasons why data are unavailable may be subject to further review regarding trial quality and data integrity concerns.

CASE STUDY: This framework was applied in an IPD-MA comparing misoprostol with oxytocin for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage, which included 79 randomized controlled trials. With the use of this framework, trialists from 10 trials responded to the IPD invitation and contributed data (6 of which were used in final analysis); 38 trialists responded but did not contribute data; and 31 trialists did not respond and trials were subsequently classified as non-responding.

CONCLUSIONS: The proposed framework provides a uniform structure for contacting authors and requesting data for IPD-MA, which may increase the likelihood that trialists will respond to IPD-MA invitations. This framework will also help to identify trialists who do not respond to reasonable attempts at communication.

PMID:41489000 | DOI:10.11124/JBIES-24-00548

Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Jan 5:ciaf738. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaf738. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The causal relationship between Crohn’s disease (CD) and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) remains controversial.

METHODS: This multicenter observational study was conducted across seven tertiary care centers in India enrolled newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve Crohn’s disease (CD) patients as cases, and treatment-naïve intestinal tuberculosis (ITB), ulcerative colitis (UC), and healthy individuals undergoing sigmoidoscopy for hemorrhoids as controls. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) detection was performed using serology for MAP antibodies, PCR, RT-qPCR, and solid/liquid cultures on blood and colonic biopsies. In situ PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were additionally applied to paraffin-embedded tissue sections to evaluate MAP presence across groups.

FINDINGS: A total of 889 participants were recruited (CD=148, ITB=288, UC=251 and non-IBD controls=202) were included. The seropositivity of MAP was significantly higher in patients with CD compared to controls (20.6% [13/63] vs healthy controls: 16.2% [12/74]; ITB: 7.8% [9/116]; UC: 4.8% [4/84]; p<0.01). On tissue PCR analysis using IS900-specific sequence in colonic biopsies, statistically higher number of patients with CD were positive for MAP compared to controls (11% [9/82] vs 7.1% [5/70]; UC: 1% [2/188]; ITB: 0.5% [1/198]; p<0.01). On solid culture of biopsy samples, MAP was detected in 10% (5/50) of patients with CD compared to 4.1% (4/97) in ITB and 0% (0/78) in UC (p=0.02). However, this difference was not observed when analysed using liquid culture, IHC, in situ PCR, and PCR of blood samples.

INTERPRETATION: Findings of our study suggest an increased association of MAP and CD. Future studies should explore possible causal role of MAP in CD and potential therapeutic options to target MAP.

PMID:41488976 | DOI:10.1093/cid/ciaf738

Front Psychol. 2025 Dec 18;16:1198825. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1198825. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Academic viewpoints on the psychological impact of digital hoarding remain fragmented, and there is a lack of literature exploring the mechanism through which digital hoarding affects job performance in the workplace context.

METHOD: This research draws on three quantitative studies-a primary study (N = 211) and two robustness checks (N = 114; N = 259)-to examine the effects of digital hoarding in the workplace on employee work performance. Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling, bootstrap procedures, and simple slope analysis.

CONCLUSION: The findings show that digital hoarding in the workplace positively predicts job performance. Meanwhile, Job burnout exerts a negative mediating effect in this relationship, whereas thriving serves as a positive mediator. Besides, prevention focus significantly attenuates the positive association between digital hoarding and job performance, while the moderating role of promotion focus is not statistically significant.

DISCUSSION: These results contribute meaningfully to both theory and practice by advancing our understanding of how digital hoarding interacts with individual emotional states and work outcomes. Furthermore, they offer actionable insights for promoting employee wellbeing through health-oriented media use practices and for enhancing organizational effectiveness via performance-driven media management strategies.

PMID:41488956 | PMC:PMC12756427 | DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1198825