Tag: statistics

JMIR Nurs. 2025 Nov 21;8:e75234. doi: 10.2196/75234.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Health-smart home technologies offer real-time sensor-based monitoring of older adult activities of daily living, allowing for early detection of changes in health. The way clinicians interpret and use this data, particularly in visualized formats, such as bar, line, and pie graphs, remains underexplored.

OBJECTIVE: A qualitative descriptive study design with a quantitative component was used to explore how nurses interpret sensor-derived health data from health-smart homes in 3 cases.

METHODS: Using an inductive content analysis approach, we analyzed nurses’ qualitative interpretations of existing sensor-derived health data from health-smart homes from 3 older adults living with ambient whole-home sensing. Nurses provided structured written feedback on visualized trends in sensor-derived health data, including activity, sleep, and mobility patterns.

RESULTS: The findings highlight both opportunities and challenges of using sensor-derived health data in older adults’ care. Nurses identified key patterns in sleep, mobility, and home engagement, but interpretation difficulties, such as unclear sleep metrics and lack of clinical context, hindered decision-making. Nurses preferred bar and line graphs over pie charts for interpreting these data. Survey results show a statistically significant difference in how nurses rated different graph types (χ²2=17.1, P<.001), with pie charts rated significantly lower than both bar and line graphs (P<.001 and P=.008, respectively). These findings underscore the need for improved data visualization and integration to enhance the clinical utility of sensor-derived health data from health-smart homes.

CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that nurses were able to provide accurate interpretations of the sensor-derived health data from health-smart homes. However, there is a need for improved visualization techniques and clinician training to optimize health-smart home data for early intervention. Standardized approaches to data representation could enhance nurses’ ability to detect and act on subtle yet important information about older adults’ health changes occurring in home settings.

PMID:41270265 | DOI:10.2196/75234

Int J Prosthodont. 2025 Nov 21;0(0):1-29. doi: 10.11607/ijp.9543. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the marginal and internal adaptation, fabrication trueness, and retention of endocrowns made from additively manufactured (AM) glass-filler-reinforced resin composite and zirconia, and subtractively manufactured (SM) advanced lithium disilicate (ALD).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A resin typodont model was scanned to design endocrowns. Sixty restorations (n=20/group) were fabricated using AM composite (Group C), AM zirconia (Group ZrO2), or SM lithium disilicate (Group ALD). All restorations were scanned with the same intraoral scanner; adaptation (marginal and internal gaps) was quantified with cross-sectional measurements, and trueness was analyzed as RMS deviations. Endocrowns were cemented on resin dies, thermomechanically aged, and tested for pull-out forces. One-way ANOVA (α = .05) was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS: ALD showed the lowest marginal (30.81 ±2.45 μm) and internal (33.41 ±2.62 μm) discrepancies, followed by ZrO2 (40.45 ±2.80 μm; 46.23 ±2.20 μm), and C (63.92 ±4.30 μm; 60.34 ±3.30 μm). Significant differences were observed between C and ALD (p=.003; p=.009) and between C and ZrO2 (p=.007; p=.012), but not between ALD and ZrO2 (p=.386; p=.115). Trueness was highest in ALD (38.72 ±3.91 μm), followed by ZrO2 (43.55 ±4.16 μm) and C (51.08 ±4.84 μm), with significant differences between ALD and C (p<.001) and ZrO2 and C (p=.004). ZrO2 showed the highest retention (754 ±211 N), significantly greater than ALD (709 ±208 N; p=.014) and C (634 ± 363 N; p=.002).

CONCLUSIONS: ALD and ZrO2 endocrowns showed superior adaptation and trueness compared to AM composite. ZrO2 exhibited the highest retention. Within the study’s limitations, AM-zirconia appears to be a viable alternative to SM lithium disilicate for endocrown fabrication.

PMID:41270255 | DOI:10.11607/ijp.9543

Int J Prosthodont. 2025 Nov 21;0(0):1-20. doi: 10.11607/ijp.9631. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The study was aimed to retrospectively evaluate differences in marginal bone loss (MBL) between bone level (BL) implants, with (LMS) and without (noLMS) laser-microtextured collar surface, restored with screwed single crowns with different emergence profiles (EP) and emergence angles (EA). Materials and methods: A retrospective evaluation of records and radiographs of 90 patients scheduled for single implant therapy at the molar region over a period of up to 10 years after prosthetic restoration was performed. The radiographic MBL and clinical parameters were measured over time and statistically analyzed. Results: LMS implants presented a statistically significant higher cumulative success rate (97.7 % vs. 91.1%. p<.05) and lower mean MBL compared to noLMS (0.8mm vs. 1.7 mm, p<.05). Around noLMS BL implants an EA.

PMID:41270253 | DOI:10.11607/ijp.9631

Cancer Rep (Hoboken). 2025 Nov;8(11):e70386. doi: 10.1002/cnr2.70386.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Poor sleep is associated with cigarette smoking and cancer diagnosis, but little is known about the contribution of smoking to poor sleep following a cancer diagnosis.

METHODS: Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (N = 6183), multivariable Poisson regression models estimated the associations between lifetime cancer diagnosis, cigarette smoking, and poor sleep, controlling for covariates and evaluating interactions between smoking and cancer diagnosis.

RESULTS: Among adults, 11.6% reported a lifetime cancer diagnosis, and 13.3% of those reported current cigarette smoking. Adults with a cancer diagnosis who smoked had a higher prevalence of inappropriate sleep duration (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio, APR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.03, 5.13) and snorting/stop breathing (APR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.41) than those without a cancer diagnosis who don’t smoke.

CONCLUSION: Smoking among adults with a lifetime cancer diagnosis is correlated with poor sleep, highlighting the need for targeted smoking cessation interventions to improve sleep health in this population.

PMID:41270207 | DOI:10.1002/cnr2.70386

Wounds. 2025 Oct;37(10):409-416.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Negative pressure wound therapy with instillation and dwell time (NPWTi-d) provides repeated wound cleansing plus the therapeutic benefits of traditional NPWT and has been elevated to a first-line therapy in some regions given evidence of its effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of NPWTi-d on health care utilization and costs in South Africa, where NPWTi-d may still be used as a therapy of last resort.

METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted utilizing a large, South African, private health insurance claims database. A matched cohort of 836 inpatients receiving NPWTi-d or NPWT for various wound types from 2018 through 2022 was created using propensity scoring. Differences in outcomes were compared between groups using t tests.

RESULTS: Despite matching, patients who received NPWTi-d were likely more complex than those who received NPWT, as indicated by a longer length of stay (18.5 days and 13.2 days, respectively; P < .001) and higher overall care costs during the index hospital admission. Readmission rates were similar between groups; however, patients who received NPWTi-d were less likely to have visits for wound-related subacute care or rehabilitation (20.1% vs 53.6%). The average cost of this care (in South African rand) was significantly lower for patients receiving NPWTi-d than for those receiving NPWT (R3 231 and R12 317, respectively; P < .001).

CONCLUSION: Although this study had limitations, including a potential selection bias, study data suggest that NPWTi-d may reduce wound-related health care utilization and costs for some patients through decreases in visits for subacute care. More studies are needed to fully assess how NPWTi-d affects wound care pathways, patient outcomes, and costs in South Africa.

PMID:41270202

PLoS Comput Biol. 2025 Nov 21;21(11):e1013678. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013678. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

We investigate proteins within heterogeneous cell membranes where non-equilibrium phenomena arises from spatial variations in concentration and temperature. We develop simulation methods building on non-equilibrium statistical mechanics to obtain stochastic hybrid continuum-discrete descriptions which track individual protein dynamics, spatially varying concentration fluctuations, and thermal exchanges. We investigate biological mechanisms for protein positioning and patterning within membranes and factors in thermal gradient sensing. We also study the kinetics of Brownian motion of particles with temperature variations within energy landscapes arising from heterogeneous microstructures within membranes. The introduced approaches provide self-consistent models for studying biophysical mechanisms involving the drift-diffusion dynamics of individual proteins and energy exchanges and fluctuations between the thermal and mechanical parts of the system. The methods also can be used for studying related non-equilibrium effects in other biological systems and soft materials.

PMID:41270151 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013678

Acta Ortop Mex. 2025 Sep-Oct;39(5):292-298.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: the decision to amputate a severely injured limb is a dilemma for any orthopedic surgeon. There are multiple factors for this decision, being controversial for decision making.

OBJECTIVE: to know the type of prescription pattern for decision-making in early amputation of a severely injured limb in a reference trauma hospital.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: analytical, cross-sectional and prospective observational study. Orthopedic surgeons and resident physicians in the orthopedic specialty were evaluated, who evaluated five clinical cases of severely injured limbs, and through MESS, decided whether to amputate the limb. The statistic used was 2 to assess the coincidence of the decisions with the experts’ responses, and Odds Ratio to estimate risks. The value that was taken as statistically significant was p < 0.005.

RESULTS: sample 81 participants, 64.2% OB and 35.8% MR. The agreement of responses with the group of experts, OB was 85.4% and MR was 70%. In the OB, work experience had a higher percentage of coincidences, but they were not statistically significant (> 20 years, p = 0.034; 10-19 years, p = 0.011; < 9 years, p = 0.011) on the other hand, presenting a current certification (p = 0.002) and have a postgraduate degree after the specialty (p = 0.006) if they had one when compared with the responses of the group of experts.

CONCLUSIONS: in all the physician surveyed, the correct application of MESS, they had a great agreement in the correct decision to save or amputate a severely damaged limb.

PMID:41270137

Acta Ortop Mex. 2025 Sep-Oct;39(5):287-291.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: the objective of our work is to assess the timeline of return to work (RTW) and sports, following arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. We hypothesized that patients in greater-intensity occupations would demonstrate greater duration of absence from work and sports, and also that most patients return to unrestricted activity within 7 weeks after knee arthroscopy.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: we obtained from 100 cases preop Tegner, Lysholm, VAS and type of work based on physical demand (REFA classification). We reevaluate all cases at three months and at two years postop.

RESULTS: all the patients returned to work, and 90% returned to sports. The median RTW time was 4.8 months. 79% RTW by six months. Of the 21 patients with no subjective improvement by six months, seven required revision knee arthroscopy, 14 had biomechanical examinations that showed submaximal effort and they returned to work. We evaluated type of meniscal tear, gender, age, Lysholm score, Tegner, VAS, satisfaction with knee results postop and rehabilitation sessions, and we did not find any statistically significant correlation with RTW time.

CONCLUSION: we thought RTW after meniscal surgery strongly depends on the physical work strain, but we didn’t find that in our study. So, we taught much more variables influences on work return, and worker compensation has an important value.

PMID:41270136

Acta Ortop Mex. 2025 Sep-Oct;39(5):273-279.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: degenerative shoulder diseases have an estimated prevalence between 16 and 25% in the population over 65 years of age. Mexico lacks a system to document and analyze shoulder arthroplasty procedures. This study aimed to identify the clinical profile of patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty in Mexico.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: observational, descriptive, and multicenter study conducted between 2014 and 2024. Clinical and demographic characteristics were collected, including comorbidities, surgical indication, Constant functional score, type of arthroplasty performed, type of prosthesis used, and average cost.

RESULTS: a total of 516 patients were included; 353 (68.41%) were female. The mean age was 70.09 ± 9.5 years. The right shoulder was affected in 321 (62.2%) cases, and right-hand dominance was present in 485 (93.9%) patients. The most common comorbidity was arterial hypertension (266 patients, 39.45%). The most frequent indication was rotator cuff tear arthropathy (208 patients, 40.31%). The Constant score improved by 46.54 points. The most commonly used arthroplasty was reverse in-lay (339 cases, 65.69%). The average cost per prosthesis was $170,000.00 MXN.

CONCLUSION: in our country, the typical candidate for shoulder arthroplasty is a female patient between 60 and 80 years of age, with a diagnosis of rotator cuff tear arthropathy or osteoarthritis causing significant functional limitation of the affected limb.

PMID:41270134

PLoS One. 2025 Nov 21;20(11):e0337590. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0337590. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

Conventional lecture-based instruction in music theory often falls short in fostering deep engagement, critical thinking, and applied musicianship-particularly in educational contexts shaped by teacher-centered traditions. This study presents the design, implementation, and empirical evaluation of a Flipped Classroom Module (FCM) tailored to undergraduate music theory instruction in Chinese higher education. Grounded in a tripartite theoretical framework integrating Self-Directed Learning, Course Development Theory, and Collaborative Learning Theory. The module employs a three-phase instructional sequence-pre-class preparation, in-class collaboration, and post-class reflection-delivered through a customized learning management system. A quasi-experimental design (N = 60) compared the FCM group with a traditional instruction control group across both cognitive and practical learning domains. Validated pre- and post-tests assessed music-theoretical knowledge and applied skills, and statistical analyses (independent and paired-sample t-tests) revealed significant learning gains in the FCM group (p < .05). Beyond confirming the pedagogical efficacy of the flipped approach, the study demonstrates how culturally responsive instructional design can enhance accessibility, learner autonomy, and instructional coherence within constrained curricular environments. The findings contribute to ongoing international discourse on digital transformation in higher music education and offer a replicable framework for theory-informed, discipline-specific flipped pedagogy.

PMID:41270124 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0337590