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Association of breast cancer with quantitative mammographic density measures for women receiving contrast-enhanced mammography

JNCI Cancer Spectr. 2024 Apr 2:pkae026. doi: 10.1093/jncics/pkae026. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Women with high mammographic density (MD) have an increased risk of breast cancer. They may be offered contrast-enhanced mammogram (CEM) to improve breast cancer screening performance. Using a cohort of women receiving CEM, we evaluated whether conventional and modified MD measures were associated with breast cancer. Sixty-six cases with newly diagnosed unilateral breast cancer were frequency-matched on age to 133 cancer-free controls. On low-energy cranio-caudal CEMs (equivalent to standard mammogram), we measured quantitative MD using CUMULUS software at the conventional intensity threshold (“Cumulus”) and higher-than-conventional thresholds (“Altocumulus”, “Cirrocumulus”). The measures were standardized to enable estimation of odds per age- and adiposity-adjusted standard deviation (OPERA). In multivariable logistic regression of case-control status, only the highest-intensity measure, Cirrocumulus, was statistically significantly associated with breast cancer (OPERA = 1.40, 95% CI 1.04-1.89). Conventional Cumulus did not contribute to model fit. For women receiving CEM, Cirrocumulus MD might better predict breast cancer than conventional quantitative MD.

PMID:38565262 | DOI:10.1093/jncics/pkae026

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