Category: Nevin Manimala

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2022 May 1;23(5):552-557.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The present study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of spirulina 500 mg in reducing the burning sensation and lesion size in oral lichen planus (OLP).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 subjects who attended the oral medicine specialty clinic with histopathologically confirmed OLP and having symptoms of burning sensation were recruited for the study. They were randomly divided into two groups: group A (30) subjects were prescribed Spirulina 500 mg twice daily along with only a week application of topical triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% thrice daily; group B subjects were prescribed topical triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% alone thrice daily for 8 weeks. Both the groups were followed up posttreatment monthly for three consecutive months.

RESULTS: Data were recorded, and statistical analysis by using ANOVA one-way test, and Chi-square test were performed, which showed statistically significant p-value (<0.005) for the parameters “burning sensation” and “size of the lesion”. When compared between groups, group A showed a favorable outcome of the intervention.

CONCLUSION: Spirulina 500 mg supplementation twice daily could be effective adjunct therapy with steroids to treat OLP.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This research allowed us to delve into spirulina as one of the treatment modalities for OLP. Further studies are needed as it is a rich source of proteins and vitamins and demonstrates potent anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant actions.

PMID:35986466

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2022 May 1;23(5):543-547.

ABSTRACT

AIM: Aim of the current research was to assess the effect of different disinfectant solutions on the color steadiness of denture base materials.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety samples were made employing the Meliodent and ProBase Hot heat cure denture base resin materials. Metallic disks measuring 3 mm thick as well as 20 mm in diameter were utilized to make the samples. Forty-five samples of every denture base material were immersed in three chemical disinfectants: 2% alkaline glutaraldehyde, 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate, 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution as well as distilled water that served as a control. Color scoring was performed at baseline and following first, 14th as well as 21 days. Color was calculated as per CIE L*a*b* color scale as related to standard source C alongside a white background on a reflection spectrophotometer.

RESULTS: Subsequent to the immersion of Meliodent heat-cured denture base resin materials within distilled water, the baseline color steadiness score was 6.16 ± 0.12, 6.12 ± 0.08 on the first day, 5.98 ± 0.06 on day 14 and 5.74 ± 0.14 on day 21. Within 2% alkaline glutaraldehyde the baseline color constancy mean value was 6.12 ± 0.28, 6.08 ± 0.04 on the first day, 5.04 ± 0.11 on day 14 and 4.22 ± 0.14 on day 21. Within 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate the baseline color constancy mean value was 6.14 ± 0.09, 6.02 ± 0.12 on the first day, 5.38 ± 0.19 at 14th day and 4.84 ± 0.10 on day 21. In 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution the baseline color steadiness mean value was 6.16 ± 0.18, 6.10 ± 0.06 on the first day, 4.98 ± 0.26 on 14th day and 3.14 ± 0.14 on day 21. ProBase Hot heat cure denture base resin materials after immersion in Distilled water delineated the baseline color constancy mean value was 6.48 ± 0.02, 6.34 ± 0.09 on the first day, 6.08 ± 0.14 on 14th day and 5.88 ± 0.07 on day 21. Within 2% alkaline glutaraldehyde the baseline color constancy mean value was 6.42 ± 0.16, 6.18 ± 0.11 on the first day, 5.12 ± 0.18 at 14th day and 4.24 ± 0.24 on day 21. Within 0.5% Chlorhexidine gluconate the baseline color steadiness mean value was 6.48 ± 0.10, 6.26 ± 0.08 on the first day, 5.48 ± 0.11 on 14th day and 4.88 ± 0.06 on day 21. In 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution the baseline color steadiness mean value was 6.44 ± 0.12, 6.14 ± 0.08 on the first day, 4.98 ± 0.16 on 14th day, and 3.34 ± 0.06 on day 21. There was a statistically noteworthy difference amid the dissimilar time points in each of the three disinfectants.

CONCLUSION: In the confines of the inherent limitations of this research, it can be inferred that the color steadiness of either denture base resins was enhanced following immersion in 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate in pursuit by 2% alkaline glutaraldehyde as well as 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution. Distilled water exerted the smallest amount of influence on the color change of the samples of denture base resins.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Techniques that help infection prevention influence denture disinfection. Currently, there is a dearth of commercially marketed agents that are specifically intended to disinfect dentures. Color constancy of the denture materials is an important parameter to be given due consideration while selecting a disinfectant. This would be a pivotal characteristic for practitioners to consider as they choose disinfectant solutions to disinfect dentures.

PMID:35986464

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2022 May 1;23(5):539-542.

ABSTRACT

AIM: Aim of this study was to assess the thermal changes within the pulp at the time of polymerization of three different adhesive resin materials.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty human premolar teeth that had been recently extracted for orthodontic reasons and were devoid of dental caries/flaws were included in this research. Following preparation of the cavities, all 60 samples consisting of 20 premolars in every group, depending on the adhesive resins that were positioned as were assigned at random to one of the following three groups: Group I: RelyX self-adhesive resin cement; Group II: Breeze self-adhesive resin cement; Group III: Pan F self-etch adhesive resin cement. The temperature changes were calculated using a thermocouple wire attached to a digital thermometer. The dissimilarities amid the baseline temperature as well as the temperatures at different time intervals (1, 5, 10, and 15 minutes) were established.

RESULTS: The thermal value was higher at first minute (1.84 ± 0.34) and gradually reduced at 5 minutes (1.36 ± 0.29), 10 minutes (0.62 ± 0.11), and 15 minutes (0.06 ± 0.03) in RelyX self-adhesive resin cement. The maximum thermal value was found at the first minute (2.66 ± 0.21) and gradually reduced at 5 minutes (1.42 ± 0.13), 10 minutes (0.86 ± 0.09), and 15 minutes (0.28 ± 0.01) in Breeze self-adhesive resin cement. The higher thermal value was found at the first minute (1.98 ± 0.19) and gradually reduced at 5 minutes (1.49 ± 0.14), 10 minutes (0.76 ± 0.10), and 15 minutes (0.16 ± 0.09) in Pan F self-etch adhesive resin cement and there was a statistically significant difference found between various time points and with all three adhesive resin material groups (p <0.001).

CONCLUSION: This current research arrived at a conclusion that each of the three adhesive resin substances showed a safe temperature change within the pulp. However, the lowest heat scores within the pulp were depicted by RelyX self-adhesive resin in pursuit by Pan F self-etch adhesive resin cement as well as the Breeze self-adhesive resin cement in that order.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The clinical triumph of a restoration is dependent partially on the method of cementation, which is utilized to establish a connection amid the restoration and the tooth. Temporary and permanent pulp inflammation can be avoided by the decreased temperature changes in the adhesive resin cement at the time of polymerization.

PMID:35986463

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2022 May 1;23(5):527-531.

ABSTRACT

AIM: Aim of the current research was to assess the smear layer removal efficacy of SofScale, Carisolv gel, and QMix chemical decalcifying substances on periodontally weakened radicular surfaces.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample size constituted 60 recently extracted periodontally compromised teeth having a poor prognosis. The samples were allocated at random to one of the following three groups (20 in each): Group I: Scaling and root planing (SRP) with SofScale, Group II: SRP with Carisolv gel, and group III: SRP with QMix. The surfaces thus subjected to treatment were washed with 20 mL of saline and the crown portion was detached at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). Following this, samples were horizontally and vertically segmented employing a diamond circular disk with 150-200 μm thickness. Every sample segment was subjected to rinsing in normal saline and positioned in 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution in 0.1 M phosphate buffer at a pH of 7.4 for at least 24 hours. Samples were evaluated in a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at a magnification of 2000×, and photomicrographs were assessed to establish the degree of radicular biomodification by eliminating the smear layer.

RESULTS: QMix group showed the highest smear layer elimination at 3.56 ± 0.13 in pursuit by Carisolv gel at 3.64 ± 0.11 and SofScale group with 4.68 ± 0.08. The differences amid the groups were statistically significant with p <0.001. On multiple contrast assessments of smear layer elimination effectiveness of the dissimilar chemical decalcifying substances employing Tukey’s HSD, statistically significant differences were noted between group I and group II, as well as group I and group III (p <0.001). However, there were no significant differences between group II and group III (p >0.001).

CONCLUSION: In conclusion, QMix was noted to have a superior smear layer elimination capacity in comparison with the radicular surfaces conditioned with Carisolv and SofScale.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Modifying the surface of teeth by radicular conditioning causes the enhanced attachment of connective tissues coupled with progression in the final aim of reconstructive periodontal therapy. The utility of chemical substances along with physical management characterizes the probability of reduced trauma during treatment, avoiding the sacrifice of radicular portions of teeth.

PMID:35986461

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2022 May 1;23(5):520-526.

ABSTRACT

AIM: This study was conducted to evaluate the remineralization potential of Remin Pro Forte vs Remin Pro remineralizing agents on white spot lesions (WSLs) post-orthodontic treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients with post-orthodontic WSLs were divided into the following two equal groups based on treatment (n = 10): (1) A 3-month program of hydroxyapatite, fluoride, xylitol, ginger, curcuma-containing cream (Remin Pro Forte) as intervention group; (2) A 3-month cream regimen including hydroxyapatite and fluoride, xylitol (Remin Pro) as control group. The main outcomes including caries regression (assessed by ICDAS II), mineral content (assessed by VistaCam iX camera), and color of WSLs (assessed by digital image analysis by Adobe photoshop) were measured at the time of enrollment and 1, 2, and 3 months afterward. Mann-Whitney test used to compare between tested groups. The statistical significance was set at p <0.05.

RESULTS: Both Remin Pro Forte and Remin Pro elicited much better caries regression and significantly higher mineral content in WSLs over a 3-month period (p <0.05). However, the difference in mineral content of WSLs between groups did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.414). In both experimental groups, the appearance of WSLs improved significantly (p <0.05).

CONCLUSION: Both Remin Pro Forte and Remin Pro were successful in reducing caries, increasing mineral content, and enhancing the appearance of demineralized enamel, indicating that both products could be suggested for post-orthodontic WSL management.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Natural herbal products could be employed as remineralizing agents and included into tooth preventive measures. It is a less harmful alternative to traditional chemical remineralization methods.

PMID:35986460

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2022 May 1;23(5):513-519.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To compare and evaluate the mean bite force and masticatory performance of conventional complete dentures (CD) in comparison with the lower implant-supported overdenture opposing an upper CD by using a strain gauge transducer and a test material respectively, in the same patient over a different period of time.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 20 edentulous patients in the age range 45-65 years with a good general and oral health. In the first phase of the study, conventional CD were fabricated and delivered to each patient who participated in the study. A strain gauge transducer was used to analyze the maximum bite force and an agar test material was used to assess the masticatory performance using the sieve method. The existing lower denture was used to deliver a two-implant overdenture system and two implants were placed in the intermental-foraminal region of the mandible. One month after the delivery of implant-supported overdenture, the maximum bite force and masticatory performance were assessed as before.

RESULTS: To test two independent variables, the data were analyzed statistically using an unpaired t-test. In comparison to the conventional upper and lower CD rehabilitations, the implant-supported lower denture and conventional upper CD rehabilitations resulted in statistically significant improvements in biting force and masticatory performance.

CONCLUSION: Study findings demonstrate that the completely edentulous patients can be rehabilitated with the upper CD and lower two-implant supported overdenture system that offers improved biting force and masticatory performance than conventional upper and lower dentures.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Masticatory efficiency is one of the important indicators of functional state of stomatognathic system. Determination of individual masticatory performance has been used to ascertain the therapeutic effect of prosthetic device.

PMID:35986459

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2022 May 1;23(5):503-507.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of intrapapillary injections of vitamin C along with microneedling (MN) in enhancing deficient interdental papilla (IDP) in esthetic zones clinically.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients diagnosed with black triangles according to Norland classification system for loss of papillary height were selected. After oral prophylaxis and baseline measurements of insufficient interdental papilla, the vitamin C injection was loaded in disposable syringe 30G × 1/2″ needle. The needle was inserted at 45° angle, 2-3-mm apical to the involved papilla and all surrounding areas. Each involved papilla was injected with an amount till blanching was visible. After that, MN was done in the required area. This method was repeated for 5 times at 7 days intervals consecutively. The final clinical photographs and measurements were recorded after 7 days of last dose administered.

RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in the mean IDP height observed over the time period (p = 0.002).

CONCLUSION: An overall healthy appearance of gingiva with a remarkable increase in papilla growth was observed.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Vitamin C injection along with MN can be considered as an alternative to invasive surgical procedures in reconstruction or regeneration of the missing IDP.

PMID:35986457

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2022 May 1;23(5):497-502.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the expression of stathmin in different histological grades and tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging of Oral carcinoma and various grades of oral dysplasia. The study also aims at observing the stathmin expression with respect to lymph node metastasis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 90 histopathologically confirmed tissue sections were acquired, of which 30 sections of oral dysplasia, 30 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and 30 normal tissue sections were stained immunohistochemically with stathmin. The tissue sections, were categorized into different grades of oral dysplasia and OSCC based on histopathological examination. For estimation of stathmin expression, manual examination of 300 cells was done in a minimum of five different areas of tissue section and a mean proportion of positive-stained cells were determined. The statistical analysis of the results was done using ANOVA test.

RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in mean staining scores of stathmin in OSCC group compared to dysplasia and control groups. A statistically significant difference was observed in different grades of dysplasia and OSCC groups. Stage III and stage IV OSCC tissue sections showed high intensity staining scores of stathmin expression.

CONCLUSION: An increased expression of stathmin was detected in various grades of OSCC and also with respect to staging of oral cancer. Half the cases of OSCC with lymph node metastasis showed high intensity scores of stathmin. Based on the above facts, stathmin expression was indicated as a potential tool for predicting the outcome of oral cancer patients with lymph node metastasis and its expression was increased in the group with poor prognosis.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Any damage/mutation to stathmin can result in defects in cell division resulting in aneuploidy and in turn cancers. In this study, the results showed that there is a differential expression of stathmin in the early and the advanced grades and different TNM stages of OSCC. A high expression of stathmin was observed in all the cases with lymph node metastasis. These observations prove that stathmin has an important role in the progression, tumorigenicity, and prognosis of the oral cancer.

PMID:35986456

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2022 May 1;23(5):492-496.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The aim of the study was to compare the bond strength of three cantilever resin-bonded bridge (RBB) designs cemented with resin cements.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four extracted human mandibular canines with eight teeth per group were used in this study to evaluate the bond strength of cantilever resin-retained bridge designs of the mesh, perforated, and combination of mesh and perforated luted to the prepared lingual surface of canine teeth using resin cement. Debonding was done using Instron universal testing machine by applying load on the mid-buccal region of the pontic and the obtained values were evaluated. The data was analyzed statistically.

RESULTS: The mean shear bond strengths of mesh, perforated, and combination of mesh and perforated are 0.88 ± 0.31 MPa, 0.81 ± 0.31 MPa, and 0.93 ± 0.32 MPa. However, there is no significant differences in the statistical analysis that were performed using a one-factor analysis of variant (ANOVA) test (p = 0.744).

CONCLUSION: Within the limitation of this study for cantilever resin-retained bridge designs, the combination of mesh and perforated design showed greater mean shear bond values when compared with the mesh design and perforated designs. This shows equal in vitro performance to the gold standard designs (group A is mesh design and group B is perforated design).

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The new design which is the combination of mesh and perforated shows equal in vitro performance to the gold standard designs. Thus, their use in clinical situation can bring better result in concern to cantilever resin-retained prosthesis.

PMID:35986455

J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2022 Aug 22. doi: 10.1515/jbcpp-2022-0179. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of preoperative Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte ratio (MLR) as a potential predictor of bladder cancer (BC).

METHODS: Clinical data of patients who underwent TURBT at our institution between 2017 and 2021 were collected and retrospectively analysed. MLR was obtained from preoperative blood analyses performed within 1 month from hospital admission. The association of MLR with different clinic-pathological features obtained from histological reports was further analysed. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal Wallis test for non-parametric variables, assuming p<0.05 as statistically significant.

RESULTS: 510 patients were included in the study (81% males, 19% females), with a mean age of 71.66 ± 11.64 years. Mean MLR was higher in patients with any-type bladder cancer, reporting an MLR of 0.41 ± 0.11 compared to 0.38 ± 0.43 in patients without bladder cancer (p=0.043). In the subsequent comparison among low-grade and high-grade bladder cancer, MLR did not report statistically significant differences, with 0.29 ± 0.12 for low-grade BC and 0.51 ± 0.81 for high-grade BC (p=0.085).

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reported elevated preoperative MLR should be considered a potential biomarker predicting malignancy for bladder tumours. Furthermore, research are necessary to assess its role in discerning low-grade from high-grade patients.

PMID:35985034 | DOI:10.1515/jbcpp-2022-0179