Category: Nevin Manimala

Mol Med Rep. 2022 Dec;26(6):356. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12872. Epub 2022 Oct 20.

ABSTRACT

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) occurs when the fetus does not reach its genetically programmed intrauterine potential for growth and affects ~5‑10% of pregnancies. This condition is one of the leading causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity associated with obstetric and neonatal complications. Placental dysfunction in FGR causes an impairment in the transfer of nutrients and oxygen from the mother to the developing fetus. Maternal adaptations to placental insufficiency may also play a role in the pathophysiology of FGR. The present study aimed to compare the proteome of the placentas of 18 women with the physiological course of pregnancy and eutrophic fetus [estimated fetal weight (EFW) >10th percentile; control group] and 18 women with late FGR (EFW <10th percentile) diagnosed after 32 weeks of pregnancy, according to the Delphi consensus (study group). The U. Mann‑Whitney test was used to compare two independent groups. The R. Spearman correlation coefficient significance test was used to assess the existence of a relationship between the analyzed measurable parameters. P<0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. The tests showed the presence of 356 different proteins which were responsible for the regulation of gene transcription control, inhibiting the activity of proteolytic enzymes, regulation of trophoblast proliferation and angiogenesis and inflammatory response. In the FGR placental proteome, other detected proteins were mostly involved in response to oxidative stress, cellular oxidation and detoxication, apoptosis, hemostatic and catabolic processes, energy transduction protein interactions, cell proliferation, differentiation and intracellular signaling. The present study used chromatographic mass‑spectrometry to compare the placental proteome profiles in pregnancies complicated by late‑onset FGR and normal pregnancy. Comparative analysis of proteomes from normal and FGR placentas showed significant differences. Further research is needed to clarify maternal and fetal adaptations to FGR.

PMID:36263610 | DOI:10.3892/mmr.2022.12872

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2022 Oct 20. doi: 10.1111/cen.14834. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) comprises more than 50% of all newly detected cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). High volume lymph node metastasis (involving >5 lymph nodes) (hv-LNM) is associated with PTMC recurrence. In half of the clinically node-negative (cN0) PTMC patients, central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) is pathologically present. However, clinical risk factors for high volume CLNM (hv-CLNM) in cN0 PTMC have not been defined well. Therefore, we aimed to obtain evidence for hv-CLNM risk factors in cN0 PTMC.

METHODS: Data on patients who visited our hospital between January 2020 and December 2021 were collected; preoperative diagnosis of cN0 and a postoperative pathological confirmation of PTMC were obtained. After filtering by inclusion versus exclusion criteria, the obtained data (N=2268) were included in the meta-analysis. Relevant studies published as of April 10, 2022 were identified from Web of Science, PubMed, WANFANG, and CNKI databases. These eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis and the association between clinicopathological factors and hv-CLNM in cN0 PTMC was assessed. SPSS and MetaXL were used for statistical analyses.

RESULTS: The meta-analysis included 10 previous studies (11734 patients) and 2268 patients enrolled in our hospital for a total of 14002 subjects. The results of which suggested that younger age (<40, OR = 3.28, 95% CI = 2.75-3.92, p<0. 001 or <45 OR = 2.93, 95%CI = 2.31-3.72, p<0. 001), male sex (OR = 2.81, 95% CI = 2.25-3.52, p<0.001), tumor size>5mm (OR = 1.85, 95%CI = 1.39-2.47, p<0.001), multifocality (OR = 1.88, 95%CI = 1.56-2.26, p<0.001), extrathyroidal extension (OR = 2.58, 95%CI = 2.02-3.30, p<0. 001), capsule invasion (OR = 2.02, 95%CI = 1.46-2.78, p<0.001), microcalcification (OR = 3.25, 95%CI = 2.42-4.36, p<0.001), and rich blood flow (OR = 1.65, 95%CI = 1.21-2.25, p = 0.002) were the significant factors related to an elevated hv-CLNM risk in cN0 PTMC patients. Hashimoto thyroiditis (OR = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.55-1.07, p = 0.114), irregular margin (VS regular margin, OR = 0.96, 95%CI = 0.68-1.33, p = 0.787), and hypoechoic (VS Non-hypoechoic, OR = 1.27, 95%CI = 0.84-1.92, p = 0.261) showed no significant association with hv-CLNM.

CONCLUSION: Younger age, tumor size>5mm, males, extrathyroidal extension, multifocality, microcalcification, capsular invasion, and rich blood flow were the significant clinicopathological risk factors for hv-CLNM risk in cN0 PTMC patients. These predictors may compensate for the sensitivity of imaging diagnosis in the preoperative period, thus helping in the effective identification of PTMCs with an invasive phenotype. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:36263602 | DOI:10.1111/cen.14834

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2022 Oct 20. doi: 10.1111/aogs.14473. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Pregnancy itself predisposes to urinary tract infections (UTI). There appears to be a higher prevalence of infections and genitourinary diseases among pregnant smokers than among non-smokers. The present study is a retrospective observational register study aiming to investigate whether maternal smoking is associated with the prevalence of UTIs during pregnancy by utilizing a pregnancy-pair analysis.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Information about pregnancies and maternal smoking was obtained from the Finnish Medical Birth Register. The study sample consisted of all singleton pregnancies (n = 723 433) of women giving birth between January 2006 and December 2018 in Finland. Information on maternal smoking was collected in three categories: (1) non-smoking; (2) quit smoking during the first trimester; and (3) continued smoking throughout the pregnancy. Information about maternal UTI diagnoses during pregnancy was received from the Hospital Discharge Register and the Medical Birth Register. UTIs were categorized as lower and upper UTIs according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD)-10 diagnosis codes. Risks were calculated as odds ratios (OR) by logistic regression with 95% confidence intervals (CI) further adjusted for maternal characteristics (aOR). Finally, pregnancy-pair analyses were performed: mothers who had changed smoking status (no smoking/any smoking) between consecutive pregnancies (n = 27 246 pregnancy-pairs) were analyzed as one cluster and compared with non-smokers.

RESULTS: Smokers had UTIs more often compared with the non-smokers. The association was even stronger among those who continued to smoke (aOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.51-1.70) than among those who smoked only during the first trimester (aOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.18-1.37) compared with non-smokers. In pregnancy-pair analysis, smoking was associated with upper UTIs during pregnancy (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.05-2.12) compared with non-smokers, but after the adjustments this association was attenuated (aOR 1.27, 95% CI 0.88-1.82). No association in lower UTIs was observed in the pregnancy-pair design.

CONCLUSIONS: Maternal smoking was associated with a higher prevalence of UTIs during pregnancy in the standard comparison. The observed association was fully attenuated in the pregnancy-pair analysis, in which smoking was dichotomized. This study suggests that the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and adverse maternal health effects might be more complex than previously thought.

PMID:36263583 | DOI:10.1111/aogs.14473

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022 Oct;26(19):6979-6984. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202210_29880.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The detection of cardiac arrhythmias during vertigo attacks along with the resolution of vertigo by treating the arrhythmias is defined as cardiac vertigo. The cause of palpitations that develop following attacks of non-cardiac vertigo is unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) on the cardiac conduction system and evaluate patients’ palpitation complaints using 24-hour ambulatory ECG (Holter) monitoring.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-five patients with BPPV and forty-eight healthy controls were included in the study. ECG was performed on all participants, and ECG parameters were measured. Holter monitoring was performed, and the recordings were analyzed. Evaluation of the time-domain heart rate variability (HRV) results was done.

RESULTS: The average age of the vertigo group was 49.1 ± 7.8 years. In terms of demographic or laboratory data, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p>0.05). The study group’s ECG parameters, including Pd, TpTe, and TpTec, were longer, and the TpTe/QT and TpTe/QTc ratios were higher (p<0.05). Holter monitoring detected abnormal rhythms in 41 (63%) of the study group patients and three (6.2%) of the control group patients. The SDNN, LF, and LF/HF values, which are known as HRV markers, were significantly different in the vertigo group compared to the control group (p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that the risk of arrhythmias increased following attacks of BPPV in patients without a known history of cardiac vertigo.

PMID:36263578 | DOI:10.26355/eurrev_202210_29880

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022 Oct;26(19):6972-6978. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202210_29879.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a multifactorial disease that is the most common among sleep-related respiratory disorders. In our study, we aimed to compare the objective and subjective voice analysis results of the patients with CPAP treatment indication after polysomnography performed in the sleep disorders center before the start of CPAP treatment, the 1st month, and the 3rd month after the treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were asked to say the vowels /ɑ:/ for 5 seconds, respectively for voice recording. MPT and S/Z ratios were also recorded. Using the Praat voice analysis program Jitter%, Shimmer%, HNR, f0 values were obtained. VHI-10 questionnaire was applied. The voice analysis results of the patients before and after the treatment were compared.

RESULTS: 26 patients were included in the study. Since 8 of these patients did not come to the 3rd month evaluation, the study was completed with the data of 18 patients. In our study, at the end of the 3rd month, no difference was found in terms of the fundamental frequency, Shimmer%, HNR, and S/Z values. There was a statistically significant decrease in Jitter% at the 1st month after treatment and 3rd month after treatment compared to pre-treatment (p=0.05, p=0.018). There was a statistically significant decrease in MPT at the 1st month after treatment and 3rd month after treatment compared to pre-treatment (p<0.001, p<0.001). There was a statistically significant decrease in VHI-10 at the 1st month and 3rd month after treatment compared to pre-treatment. Furthermore, there was statistically significant difference between 3rd month after treatment compared to 1st month after treatment. (p=0.043, p=0.030, p=0.029).

CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that CPAP treatment had both objective and subjective positive effects on voice recovery in the OSA patient group.

PMID:36263577 | DOI:10.26355/eurrev_202210_29879

J Med Virol. 2022 Oct 19. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28244. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

we read with great interest the letter by Giacomelli et al. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:36261876 | DOI:10.1002/jmv.28244

J Labelled Comp Radiopharm. 2022 Oct 19. doi: 10.1002/jlcr.4005. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulinoma are mainly affected by the status of pancreatic β-cell mass (BCM). Development of imaging agents for BCM allows to study pancreatic β cells and the relationship between β cells and DM or insulinoma. In this study, we investigated the density of dopamine D₁ receptor on the β cells and measured BCM by statistical image processing. The pancreatic uptakes of [¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-7-chloro-8-hydroxy-1-(3′-iodopheny1)-3-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine ([¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-TISCH), dopamine D₁ receptor tracer, in normal and diabetic rats displayed significant differences at 30 min (1.11 ± 0.08% ID/g vs 0.63 ± 0.09% ID/g, P < 0.0001). In presence of SCH23390, the pancreatic uptake of [¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-TISCH at 30 min in normal rats was lower (1.01 ± 0.04% ID/g, P < 0.05). Although the blocking was not complete, [¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-TISCH showed specific binding signals to pancreas. Furthermore, the uptakes of [¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-TISCH in INS-1 cells were reduced in presence of SCH23390 at different concentrations. [¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-TISCH displayed a respectable uptake in insulinoma. Overall, [¹²⁵ I]I-R-(+)-TISCH provided specific binding signals to pancreatic β cells. Although the specific signal may not be sufficient for imaging in vivo, the dopamine D₁ receptor can still be considered as a potential target for studying BCM. Further investigation will be required to optimize the ligand.

PMID:36261868 | DOI:10.1002/jlcr.4005

BMC Health Serv Res. 2022 Oct 19;22(1):1266. doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-08645-4.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Parental satisfaction is a well-established outcome indicator and tool for assessing a healthcare system’s quality, as well as input for developing strategies for providing acceptable patient care. This study aimed to assess parental satisfaction with neonatal intensive care unit service and its associated factors.

METHOD: A cross-sectional study design was conducted on parents whose neonates were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, in North Central Ethiopia. Data were collected by adopting an EMPATHIC-N instrument during the day of neonatal discharge, after translating the English version of the instrument to the local language (Amharic). Both Bivariable and multivariable logistic analyses were done to identify factors associated with parental satisfaction with neonatal intensive care unit service. P < 0.05 with 95% CI was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: The data analysis was done on 385 parents with a response rate of 95.06%. The overall average satisfaction of parents with neonatal intensive care unit service was 47.8% [95% CI= (43.1-52.5)]. The average parental satisfaction of neonatal intensive care unit service in the information dimension was 50.40%; in the care and treatment dimension was 36.9%, in the parental participation dimension was 50.1%, in the organization dimension was 59.0% and the professional attitude dimension was 48.6%. Gender of parents, residency, parental hospital stay, birth weight, and gestational age were factors associated with parental satisfaction.

CONCLUSION: There was a low level of parental satisfaction with neonatal intensive care unit service. Among the dimensions of EMPATHIC-N, the lowest parental satisfaction score was in the care and treatment while the highest parental satisfaction score was in the organization dimension.

PMID:36261864 | DOI:10.1186/s12913-022-08645-4

Diagn Progn Res. 2022 Oct 20;6(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s41512-022-00133-x.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND RESEARCH AIM: The incidence and mortality of liver cancer have been increasing in the UK in recent years. However, liver cancer is still under-studied. The Early Detection of Hepatocellular Liver Cancer (DeLIVER-QResearch) project aims to address the research gap and generate new knowledge to improve early detection and diagnosis of primary liver cancer from general practice and at the population level. There are three research objectives: (1) to understand the current epidemiology of primary liver cancer in England, (2) to identify and quantify the symptoms and comorbidities associated with liver cancer, and (3) to develop and validate prediction models for early detection of liver cancer suitable for implementation in clinical settings.

METHODS: This population-based study uses the QResearch® database (version 46) and includes adult patients aged 25-84 years old and without a diagnosis of liver cancer at the cohort entry (study period: 1 January 2008-30 June 2021). The team conducted a literature review (with additional clinical input) to inform the inclusion of variables for data extraction from the QResearch database. A wide range of statistical techniques will be used for the three research objectives, including descriptive statistics, multiple imputation for missing data, conditional logistic regression to investigate the association between the clinical features (symptoms and comorbidities) and the outcome, fractional polynomial terms to explore the non-linear relationship between continuous variables and the outcome, and Cox/competing risk regression for the prediction model. We have a specific focus on the 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year absolute risks of developing liver cancer, as risks at different time points have different clinical implications. The internal-external cross-validation approach will be used, and the discrimination and calibration of the prediction model will be evaluated.

DISCUSSION: The DeLIVER-QResearch project uses large-scale representative population-based data to address the most relevant research questions for early detection and diagnosis of primary liver cancer in England. This project has great potential to inform the national cancer strategic plan and yield substantial public and societal benefits.

PMID:36261855 | DOI:10.1186/s41512-022-00133-x

J Clin Periodontol. 2022 Oct 19. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13735. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To assess any differences (1) in the prevalence of periodontitis and necrotizing periodontal diseases, specifically necrotizing gingivitis (NG) and necrotizing periodontitis (NP) between HIV patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and those not receiving the therapy and (2) in the severity of periodontitis based on probing depths (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) between the two groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Systematic electronic search on 5 databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and Scielo) was conducted to identify cross-sectional and longitudinal studies reporting on prevalence of NG, NP, and periodontitis among HIV patients who either receive or do not receive HAART treatment. The differences on clinical parameters of probing depths (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) among these patients was assessed.

RESULTS: 18 articles were considered. The meta-analysis for NG showed that the overall assessment for the relative frequency ratio in the two groups was 0.45 (n=7;95%CI: [0.21-0.97]; p<0.042). Regarding NP the overall assessment for the relative frequency ratio in both groups was 0.60 (n=5;95%CI: [0.22-1.64]; p=0.321). In regards to periodontitis the overall assessment for the relative frequency ratio in the two groups was 1.17 (n=9;95%CI: [0.90-1.52]; p=0.248). No significant differences in PD and CAL were found between the two groups 0.00 (n=3; 95%CI: [-0.52-0.53]; p=0.985) and 0.32 (n=3; 95%CI:[ -0.19-0.82]; p=0.22) respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of NG appeared to be significantly reduced in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. No statistical significant difference was found in the prevalence of NP or periodontitis between the two groups. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:36261851 | DOI:10.1111/jcpe.13735