Nevin Manimala

Sci Rep. 2025 Dec 6. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-30659-1. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

It is unknown whether non-dominant handgrip strength is more strongly associated with health-related quality of life than dominant handgrip strength. This analytical cross-sectional study aimed to determine the comparative association of dominant versus non-dominant handgrip strength with health-related quality of life. Bilateral handgrip strength assessments were performed, and health-related quality of life was assessed using the Short Form-36 questionnaire. A total of 229 participants were evaluated (49.6 ± 5.2 years; 29.9 ± 4.73 kg/m2; 52.8% female; 96.1% right-handed). Dominant handgrip strength (33.00 ± 10.66 kg) was significantly stronger than non-dominant handgrip strength (31.30 ± 9.74 kg; p < 0.001). Notably, in the total population, 32.3% (n = 74; 33.0 ± 10.1 kg) obtained their maximum grip strength in the non-dominant hand, whereas 67.7% (n = 155; 34.2 ± 10.9 kg) obtained it in the dominant hand. Both dominant (r_ω = 0.31; p < 0.001) and non-dominant (r_ω = 0.31; p < 0.001) handgrip strength showed significant and near-identical positive correlations with health-related quality of life. Linear regression models were statistically significant and showed that non-dominant (β = 0.32; p < 0.001) and dominant handgrip strength (β = 0.31; p < 0.001) explained 9.8% and 10.2% of the variance in health-related quality of life, respectively. In conclusion, non-dominant handgrip strength was significantly associated with health-related quality of life, with a magnitude almost identical to that of dominant handgrip strength. These findings challenge the common clinical and investigative practice of assessing only the dominant hand; given that nearly one-third (32.3%) of participants were strongest in their non-dominant hand, unilateral assessment protocols risk systematically underestimating true maximum strength and misclassifying individuals.

PMID:41353458 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-30659-1

AIDS Res Ther. 2025 Dec 7. doi: 10.1186/s12981-025-00822-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In India, despite significant advancements in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), stigma and discrimination remain major barriers for people living with HIV (PLHIV), often hindering ART adherence and compromising treatment outcomes. This study aimed to assess the determinants and contributing factors of HIV-related stigma among PLHIV in Mizoram, a northeastern state with one of the highest HIV prevalence rates in the country.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 PLHIV attending the ART Center, in Aizawl, Mizoram. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression were used to assess factors associated with stigma and treatment adherence.

RESULTS: A total of 300 PLHIV were enrolled in the study, comprising 176 (58.7%) males and 124 (41.3%) females. In the internalized stigma domain, males experienced significantly higher stigma compared to females (aOR = 2.394, CI = 1.294-4.426, p = 0.005). In the felt-normative stigma domain, participants aged 41-50 years reported higher stigma levels compared to aged 51 years and above (aOR = 0.329, CI = 0.110-0.985, p = 0.047). Regarding medication adherence, 208 (69.3%) participants demonstrated optimal adherence to ART, while 92 (30.7%) had sub-optimal adherence.

CONCLUSION: Most PLHIV in our study reported low to moderate stigma across domains. To reduce HIV related stigma among PLHIV, one should prioritize patient centric counselling, educational interventions in the form of mass communication, printed media etc., to ensure their psychological well-being and to create educational awareness involving the community and healthcare professionals to promote more positive thoughts on HIV which will reduce HIV related stigma in the society.

PMID:41353439 | DOI:10.1186/s12981-025-00822-9

Arthritis Res Ther. 2025 Dec 7. doi: 10.1186/s13075-025-03694-6. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Evidence on the association between sleep disorders and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains limited. This study aimed to investigate this relationship in U.S. adults using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

METHODS: This cross-sectional study included adults aged ≥ 18 years from the 2005-2018 NHANES cycles. A total of 28,040 participants were included. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models were employed to assess the association between sleep disorders and RA. Three models were constructed: an unadjusted model, a minimally adjusted model controlling for demographic variables, and a fully adjusted model incorporating additional lifestyle and clinical covariates. Subgroup analyses were performed to assess the consistency of associations across different population strata, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to confirm the robustness of the results.

RESULTS: Of the 28,040 participants, 4168 (14.32%) were identified as having sleep disorders, and 1589 (4.28%) reported having RA. In the fully adjusted model, sleep disorders were significantly associated with increased odds of RA (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.46-2.13, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that this positive association persisted across all examined strata, with no significant interactions (P for interaction > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our findings indicate a statistically significant association between sleep disorders and the prevalence of RA in U.S. adults. However, given the limitations of the cross-sectional design, causal inferences cannot be made. Future longitudinal and mechanistic studies are warranted to clarify the temporal direction and biological pathways underlying this association.

PMID:41353432 | DOI:10.1186/s13075-025-03694-6

BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2025 Dec 6. doi: 10.1186/s12911-025-03272-5. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The integration of clinical research data across various institutions faces hurdles due to differing definitions, inconsistent terminologies, and inadequate support for interoperable metadata. While biomedical ontologies offer valuable tools for structuring clinical data, they have not yet been fully utilized for creating comprehensive metadata descriptors, such as variable semantics, statistical summaries, and governance elements essential for data discovery and alignment. We present the Clinical Metadata Exploration Ontology (CMEO) that builds upon well-established ontologies to provide a cohesive representation of study designs, data elements, exploratory statistics, and data reuse permissions. CMEO facilitates semantic querying for study exploration and comparison of data elements across studies, particularly when individual-level data cannot be shared. We demonstrate its utility using metadata from five studies: four heart-failure studies and one wearable-based type 1 diabetes study. After serializing, we executed SPARQL queries that operationalized study-level discovery, variable alignment across studies, and governance-constrained reuse. This FAIR-compliant, metadata-driven integration across heterogeneous sources enables scalable, privacy-conscious research and underpins federated clinical data exploration.

PMID:41353418 | DOI:10.1186/s12911-025-03272-5

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Dec 6. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-07425-w. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate and compare preclinical effectiveness of two whitening toothpastes hydrogen peroxide based and activated charcoal based on cigarette smoke-induced discoloration in three restorative materials: a micro-hybrid composite, a nano ceramic composite, and a 3D printed ceramic based resin material.

METHODS: Seventy-two disc-shaped samples (n = 8 per subgroup) were fabricated from micro-hybrid composite, nano ceramic composite and a 3D-printed ceramic resin-based material. After baseline color measurements, all specimens were stained using a standardized cigarette smoke exposure protocol (four cycles, 10 min each). Subsequently, the specimens were brushed with either a hydrogen peroxide containing toothpaste, an activated charcoal containing toothpaste, or distilled water (control), using an electric brushing simulator at 2 N force. Color measurements (ΔE₀₀) were obtained spectrophotometrically at three timepoints: baseline (T₀), post-smoking (T₁), and post-brushing (T₂). Color differences (ΔE₀₀) were analyzed using three-way repeated measures ANOVA for intra-group comparisons over time and one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test for inter-group comparisons at each time point (p < 0.05).

RESULTS: All materials exhibited clinically unacceptable discoloration after cigarette exposure (ΔE₀₀ >1.8), with the 3D printed resin-based material group showing the highest color change (ΔE₀₀ ≈ 15.3). Post brushing, both hydrogen peroxide and activated charcoal toothpastes significantly reduced discoloration in micro-hybrid composite resin and nano ceramic composite resin groups (p < 0.001), with hydrogen peroxide showing greater efficacy. No statistically significant improvement was observed in the 3D printed ceramic resin-based material group regardless of the toothpaste used (p > 0.05). Overall, ΔE₀₀ values remained above clinical acceptability after brushing in all groups.

CONCLUSION: 3D-printed ceramic-based resin exhibited the highest discoloration after cigarette smoke exposure, while the nano-ceramic composite showed the lowest. Both whitening toothpastes significantly improved color recovery following cigarette smoke-induced discoloration. However, they remained ineffective in fully reversing discoloration, particularly in 3D-printed ceramic resin-based materials.

PMID:41353363 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-07425-w

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Dec 6. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-07477-y. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Removable dentures are one of the common treatment modalities used to restore missing teeth. Denture stomatitis, caused by the adhesion of Candida albicans, is considered a major complication of these prostheses. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the impact of adding Halloysite Nanotubes (HNTs) on the surface roughness (Ra, µm), color change (∆E*), and Candida albicans adhesion in 3D-printed denture base resins (PDBRs).

METHODS: Three concentrations (0.3%,0,6%, and 0.9%wt.) of HNTs were added to two PDBRs, ASIGA and NextDent, while the control group remained without HNTs addition. The specimens were printed in a disk shape (15 × 2 mm). After printing, specimens were thermocycled (5000 cycles). Surface roughness was measured using a non-contact profilometer. Color change (∆E*) was measured using the Commission International de l’Eclairage (CIE) system coordinates (L*, a*, b*) method. C. albicans adhesion was evaluated using a colony-forming unit (CFU/mL). The collected data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and a post-hoc Tukey test (α = 0.05).

RESULTS: The addition of HNTs showed no significant difference in surface roughness between all tested groups (P ˃0.05). Adding HNTs resulted in a slight color change at 0.3% and 0.6%, while 0.9% significantly increased the color change (P < 0.001) with a noticeable difference. Adding HNTs significantly decreased the C. albicans adhesion to PDBRs compared to pure resins (P < 0.001). Regarding the concentration effect, the effect was concentration-dependent, with 0.9% showing the lowest Candida colony count for ASIGA resin (1018.9 ± 80.0) and NextDent resins (911.1 ± 89.3).

CONCLUSION: Adding HNTs to PDBRs did not change the surface roughness and significantly decreased C. albicans adhesion. The color was changed with HNTs to noticeable with 0.9%HNTs. Due to the antifungal activities of PDBRs containing HNTs, these PDBRs could be recommended as a method for preventing denture stomatitis.

PMID:41353358 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-07477-y

Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2025 Dec 6. doi: 10.1007/s00508-025-02666-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the performance of endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) with suprarenal fixation endografts in wide necks for intact abdominal aortic aneurysms (iAAA).

METHODS: Anatomical data of the treated iAAAs, acquired from a thin slice computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the abdomen with 3‑dimentional reconstructions preoperatively and postoperatively, were evaluated. A statistical analysis comparing the anatomical characteristics of the aneurysm neck according to the presence of an endoleak was conducted using the SPSS Statistics package version 29.

RESULTS: Between January 2020 and October 2024, 114 patients (105, 92.1% males, median age 75 years) with iAAAs underwent EVAR, most of them (83) with Endurant II/IIs stent-graft (Medtronic, Santa Rosa, US) and of them 15 had a wide neck (28 mm or more). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis the presence of a wide neck had a statistically significant association with the development of a type Ia endoleak (odds ratio, OR 12.961, p = 0.025). A type Ia endoleak was present in 2 of these patients in the first 30 postoperative days. In these 2 patients the oversizing percentage of the proximal landing zone was significantly lower compared to the patients with a wide neck without type Ia endoleak (median oversizing 11.3%, range 6.6-16% vs. 20%, range 15-25%, p = 0.019). The endoleak was persistent in a follow-up period of 18 months.

CONCLUSION: The use of EVAR with suprarenal fixation endografts in wide infrarenal necks is safe but in the case of poor oversizing, there is a significant risk for development of a persistent type Ia endoleak.

PMID:41351797 | DOI:10.1007/s00508-025-02666-9

Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 Dec 6. doi: 10.1007/s00210-025-04552-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Current treatments for pregnancy-associated genital warts (PGW) often fail to balance safety and efficacy, especially during gestation. In this study, we introduce GelPV-5-ALA-Matrine, a smart, photoresponsive hydrogel designed for localized photodynamic therapy (PDT) targeting HPV-infected tissues. Co-delivery of 5-ALA and matrine facilitates mitochondrial autophagy through reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation and MAPK8 activation. Using Mendelian randomization, we identified mitochondrial DNA copy number as a risk factor for sexually transmitted infections, supporting mitochondrial pathways as viable therapeutic targets. The hydrogel demonstrated strong in vitro efficacy in HPV-positive HeLa cells and significantly reduced wart burden and viral load in vivo under near-infrared (NIR) light. Molecular docking and functional validation highlighted MAPK8’s key role in mediating ROS-induced mitochondrial clearance and apoptosis. Importantly, no systemic toxicity or adverse biochemical responses were observed. This innovative hydrogel system provides a blueprint for next-generation, patient-safe therapies for PGW and may be adaptable to other HPV-related pathologies in reproductive health.

PMID:41351796 | DOI:10.1007/s00210-025-04552-7

J Autism Dev Disord. 2025 Dec 6. doi: 10.1007/s10803-025-07111-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related avoidable mortality in individuals with developmental disabilities using national claims data, comparing outcomes with those of other disabilities and non-disabled controls.

METHODS: We used de-identified national claims data from the National Health Insurance Service merged with Causes of Death Statistics. The cohort included individuals over 30 years old with developmental disabilities who were newly diagnosed with T2DM between 2012 and 2016. Matched controls (non-disabled, mild, and severe disabilities) were selected based on sex, age, income proxy, and region. T2DM-related avoidable mortality (ICD-10 code “E11”) within 1, 3, and 5 years was assessed using multiple logistic regression, adjusted for sociodemographic factors and comorbidities.

RESULTS: T2DM-related avoidable mortality rates in the developmental disability group were 0.05%, 0.23%, and 0.55% at 1, 3, and 5 years post-diagnosis, respectively-lower than those in individuals with severe disabilities but higher than those of individuals without disabilities. Multiple logistic regression revealed no significant difference in 1-year mortality between individuals with developmental disabilities and those without disabilities; however, the risk was significantly higher at 3 years (OR = 4.84; 95% CI: 1.80-13.00) and 5 years (OR = 3.82; 95% CI: 2.14-6.81). Compared with individuals with mild disabilities, the 5-year mortality risk was also higher (OR = 2.41; 95% CI: 1.38-4.21).

CONCLUSION: Individuals with developmental disabilities exhibit significantly higher T2DM-related avoidable mortality than non-disabled and mild disability groups, highlighting critical gaps in healthcare accessibility. Strengthening targeted interventions and support services is essential to reducing avoidable deaths and improving health outcomes in this population.

PMID:41351782 | DOI:10.1007/s10803-025-07111-4

Int Orthop. 2025 Dec 6. doi: 10.1007/s00264-025-06705-y. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after shoulder arthroplasty remains a devastating complication, and the optimal surgical approach is still debated. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of single-stage versus two-stage revision and to identify clinical or demographic factors associated with treatment failure.

METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted at a single tertiary hospital including 29 patients treated for shoulder PJI between 2010 and 2023. Patients underwent either one-stage (n = 15) or two-stage (n = 14) revision according to clinical and microbiological criteria, and the final choice of surgical strategy (one-stage vs. two-stage revision) was made at the discretion of the attending surgeon. The primary outcome was treatment success, defined as infection eradication without further surgery or suppressive antibiotics. Secondary outcomes were pain and functional results measured with the Constant-Murley Score (CMS), the Simple Shoulder Test (SST), and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). A standard statistical analysis was performed comparing baseline data of both groups and finding factors related to the primary outcome.

RESULTS: Baseline characteristics of both groups were comparable. Overall infection control was achieved in 83% of patients, nonetheless, the one-stage group showed a higher success rate compared with the two-stage group (93% vs. 71%), although this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.169; OR:0.19(0.003,2.29)). Functional outcomes assessed by CMS and VAS did not differ significantly between groups, whereas SST scores were significantly better following one-stage revision (p = 0.006). Increased BMI and a higher number of previous surgeries tended to be associated with treatment failure.

CONCLUSION: Single-stage revision achieved comparable infection control and better functional outcomes than two-stage revision, supporting its role as a reliable surgical option for shoulder PJI in appropriately selected patients, although it could be influenced by bias selection.

PMID:41351768 | DOI:10.1007/s00264-025-06705-y