Tag: statistics

Jpn J Radiol. 2022 Jan 26. doi: 10.1007/s11604-021-01240-3. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: To develop and validate a simple-to-use nomogram based on preoperative CT to predict spread through air space (STAS) status of stage IA lung adenocarcinoma (ADC).

METHODS: In this retrospective study, 434 patients with pathological proven periphery stage IA lung adenocarcinoma were included, which consisted of 349 patients from center I for training group and 85 patients from Center II for test group. STAS was identified in 53 patients (40 patient in the training group and 13 patients in the test group). On the basis of preoperative CT images, 19 morphological characteristics were analyzed. Univariable analysis was used to explore the association between clinical and CT characteristics and STAS status in the training group (P < 0.002). Independent risk factors for STAS were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis and then used to build a nomogram for preoperative predicting STAS status.

RESULTS: Type of nodules, diameter of solid component, lobulation and percentage of the solid component (PSC) were associated with STAS status of peripheral stage IA lung ADCs statistical significantly. Multivariate logistics regression analysis revealed that PSC and lobulation were independent risk factors for STAS. The nomogram based on these factors achieved good predictive performance for STAS with a C-index of 0.803 in the training group and a well-fitted calibration curve. Using a cut-off value which was obtained from Youden index of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, a diagnosis accuracy of 70.6% was obtained in the test group with sensitivity, specificity, positive prediction value (PPV) and negative prediction value (NPV) of 92.3%, 66.7%, 33.3% and 98.0%, respectively.

CONCLUSION: The nomogram based on preoperative CT images could achieve good predictive performance for STAS status of lung adenocarcinomas. This simple-to-used model can facilitate surgeons for a rational operation pattern choice at bedside.

PMID:35079955 | DOI:10.1007/s11604-021-01240-3

Int Ophthalmol. 2022 Jan 26. doi: 10.1007/s10792-021-02172-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Comparison of postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) course and early complications in 23-gauge (23-G) pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) using vertical entry sclerotomy and scleral tunnel sclerotomy in uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

METHOD: A prospective, randomized, comparative, interventional clinical trial of 103 23-G vitrectomy cases using two different transconjunctival sutureless sclerotomy techniques performed by a single vitreoretinal surgeon for uncomplicated RRD. Fifty-two eyes underwent PPV using a three-port 23-G single stage, vertical trocar entry without creating a scleral tunnel (Group 1), while in 51 eyes, a two-stage, oblique trocar entry with creation of a scleral tunnel was performed (Group 2). Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas (20%) was used in all cases as a buffer. Intraocular pressure measurements and detailed biomicroscopic examination of the groups were recorded on the postoperative first day, first week, and first month. Visual acuity and fundoscopic examinations were recorded at one month. The effects of the two methods on postoperative intraocular pressure and early complications were compared.

RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age and gender (p > 0.05). The mean postoperative intraocular pressure on the first day was 15.06 ± 3.71 for Group 1 and 16.14 ± 3.09 mmHg for Group 2. The lowest recorded IOP was 6 mmHg. Postoperative visual acuity did not differ between the two groups (p > 0.05). In addition, IOP values did not differ statistically between the two groups (p > 0.05). In both groups, the mean IOP values measured at different intervals did not differ statistically (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in terms of postoperative IOP between vertical entry 23-G sclerotomy and 23-G tunnel entry sclerotomy for PPV with 20% SF6 tamponade surgery.

PMID:35079939 | DOI:10.1007/s10792-021-02172-7

J Urban Health. 2022 Jan 25. doi: 10.1007/s11524-021-00603-5. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Housing is a key social determinant of health with implications for both physical and mental health. The measurement of healthy housing and studies characterizing the same in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are uncommon. This study described a methodological approach employed in the assessment and characterization of healthy housing in SSA using the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data for 15 countries and explored healthy housing determinants using a multiple survey-weighted logistic regression analysis. For all countries, we demonstrated that the healthy housing index developed using factor analysis reasonably satisfies both reliability and validity tests and can therefore be used to describe the distribution of healthy housing across different groups and in understanding the linkage with individual health outcomes. We infer from the results that unhealthy housing remains quite high in most SSA countries. Having a male head of the household was associated with decreased odds of healthy housing in Burkina Faso (OR = 0.80, CI = 0.68-0.95), Cameroon (OR = 0.65, CI = 0.57, 0.76), Malawi (OR = 0.70, CI = 0.64-0.78), and Senegal (OR = 0.62, CI = 0.51-0.74). Further, increasing household size was associated with reducing odds of healthy housing in Kenya (OR = 0.53, CI = 0.44-0.65), Namibia (OR = 0.34, CI = 0.24-0.48), Nigeria (OR = 0.57, CI = 0.46-0.71), and Uganda (OR = 0.79, CI = 0.67-0.94). Across all countries, household wealth was a strong determinant of healthy housing, with middle and rich households having higher odds of residing in healthy homes compared to poor households. Odds ratios ranged from 3.63 (CI = 2.96-4.44) for households in the middle wealth group in the DRC to 2812.2 (CI = 1634.8-4837.7) in Namibia’s wealthiest households. For other factors, the analysis also showed variation across countries. Our findings provide timely insights for the implementation of housing policies across SSA countries, drawing attention to aspects of housing that would promote occupant health and wellbeing. Beyond the contribution to the measurement of healthy housing in SSA, our paper highlights key policy and program issues that need further interrogation in the search for pathways to addressing the healthy housing deficit across most SSA countries. This has become critical amid the COVID-19 pandemic, where access to healthy housing is pivotal in its control.

PMID:35079945 | DOI:10.1007/s11524-021-00603-5

J Med Syst. 2022 Jan 26;46(3):14. doi: 10.1007/s10916-022-01799-y.

ABSTRACT

During the first confinement in Spain, between the months of March to June 2020, Information and Communication Technologies strategies were implemented in order to support health workers in the Wellbeing of Mental Health. Faced with so much uncertainty about the pandemic, an Online Mindfulness course. The objective of the course was to support healthcare professionals in Castilla y León in managing stress, anxiety and other emotional disturbances generated by coping with a situation as uncertain and unexpected as a pandemic, in order to manage emotions and thoughts that can lead to suicidal ideation. The motivations for the demand, reasons or motivations in which the health professionals of Castilla y León decided to participate in the mindfulness course in the first wave of Covid-19 in Spain are described. The descriptive and inferential statistical analysis of the customer satisfaction survey applied at the end of the mindfulness course, to the health professionals who participated in a satisfaction survey (CSQ-8: Client Satisfaction Questionnaire). Professional were asked to complete a survey based on (CSQ-8: Client Satisfaction Questionnaire) whose Cronbach’s alpha = 0.917 is why the instrument used with N = 130 participants has high reliability. The 66% answered with a highly satisfied that they would return to the mindfulness online course. The 93% of the people who answered the satisfaction survey were women, of which they are professionals in the nursing area, with a participation of around 62%. In relation to the online system used in the Mindfulness intervention, 74% expressed that they fully agreed that it has been easy to use the online system for the mindfulness intervention. Health Professionals responded with 58% high satisfaction and 36% satisfaction, making a total of 94% on the help received in the online mindfulness courses to solve their problems. There is no difference between the age groups of the professionals who have preferred the Mindfulness online course (p = 0.672).

PMID:35079899 | DOI:10.1007/s10916-022-01799-y

Mol Biol Rep. 2022 Jan 25. doi: 10.1007/s11033-021-07047-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggested that CXCL12 was involved in the development, metastasis, and invasion of breast cancer, and genetic variants were associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with breast cancer. The present study was aimed to assess the relationships between CXCL12 polymorphisms (rs1801157, rs2297630, and rs2839693) and susceptibility and clinicopathological features of breast cancer.

METHODS: A case-control study was conducted in 434 breast cancer patients and 450 health controls. Student t-test and chi-square test were used to analyze the differences of age distribution and genotype frequencies between the two groups. Correlations between polymorphisms and clinical parameters were also assessed by chi-square test. The potential effects of the three polymorphisms on CXCL12 were investigated by the public database.

RESULTS: A statistical association was found between CXCL12 rs1801157 polymorphism and breast cancer risk, possibility of metastasis, and estrogen receptor status. Patients with rs2839693 C/T or C/T-T/T genotypes were more likely to be progesterone receptor-negative. However, no associations of rs2297630 polymorphism with breast cancer risk or any clinicopathological characteristics were observed. In addition, rs2297630 affected the splicing quantitative trait loci of CXCL12 in the subcutaneous fat, rs2839693 polymorphism affected the splicing quantitative trait loci of CXCL12 in the human breast mammary tissues.

CONCLUSIONS: Those results indicated that CXCL12 polymorphisms might be potential diagnostic indicators, and more investigation is needed in the future.

PMID:35079936 | DOI:10.1007/s11033-021-07047-9

Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2022 Jan 26. doi: 10.1007/s00404-021-06370-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The Pelvic Floor Bother Questionnaire (PFBQ) is a self-administered instrument for determining pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). The PFBQ was validated in English, but lately in other languages. However, a Chinese version has not been established. Thus, we aimed at validating a Chinese PFBQ version.

METHODS: We used a translation-back method to develop a PFBQ Chinese version and validated in 102 women, 51 with at least one PFD symptom participated in the patient group, and 51 without PFD in the control group. Construct validity was assessed by comparing groups and a content validity index (CVI) determined. For test-retest reliability, participants completed the questionnaire twice within 1-week interval and the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was determined. Internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach’s statistics.

RESULTS: Missing information after applying the translated PFBQ did not exceed 4% of any questions. Total scores between control and PFD women were significantly different (2.94 ± 1.84 vs. 10.29 ± 6.64; P < 0.001). The CVI for all items ranged from 0.800 to 1.000, and a good reliability was corroborated (α = 0.677, ICC = 0.938).

CONCLUSION: The Chinese PFBQ version is a valid and reliable tool to identify the existence and severity of bothersome symptoms in Chinese women with PFD.

PMID:35079874 | DOI:10.1007/s00404-021-06370-7

Eur Radiol. 2022 Jan 25. doi: 10.1007/s00330-021-08514-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To measure the myocardial extracellular volume (ECV) in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) using dual-energy computed tomography with late iodine enhancement (LIE-DECT) and to evaluate the relationship between ECV and risk of HFpEF and cardiac structure and function.

METHODS: A total of 112 consecutive patients with HFpEF and 80 consecutive subjects without heart disease (control group) who underwent LIE-DECT were included. All patients were divided into ischaemic and non-ischaemic groups according to the LIE patterns detected using iodine maps. The ischaemic scar burden was calculated in the ischaemic HFpEF group. Iodine maps and haematocrit were used to measure ECV in the non-ischaemic HFpEF group and remote ECV of the non-scarred myocardium in the ischaemic HFpEF group, respectively. Cardiac structural and functional variables were collected.

RESULTS: ECV in patients with non-ischaemic HFpEF (n = 77) and remote ECV in patients with ischaemic HFpEF (n = 35) were significantly higher than those in control subjects (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, and drinking, a higher ECV/remote ECV was still associated with non-ischaemic HFpEF and ischaemic HFpEF (p < 0.001). A positive correlation was established between ECV and cardiac structural and functional variables (p < 0.05) in all participants. Subgroup analysis showed that ECV/remote ECV and ischaemic scar burden positively correlated with heart failure classification in the HFpEF subgroup (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: ECV/remote ECV elevation was significantly associated with non-ischaemic and ischaemic HFpEF. Remote ECV and LIE may have synergistic effects in the risk assessment of ischaemic HFpEF.

KEY POINTS: • ECV/remote ECV elevation is associated not only with non-ischaemic HFpEF but also with ischaemic HFpEF. • ECV/remote ECV and ischaemic scar burden are correlated with cardiac structure and function.

PMID:35079886 | DOI:10.1007/s00330-021-08514-4

Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2022 Jan 20;25(1):1-6. doi: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2021.102.52.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The localization of pulmonary nodules is related to whether the lesions can be found and removed accurately and quickly. It is an important link for the success of minimally invasive video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). This study investigated the feasibility of medical glue localization under VATS video-assisted thoracoscopic computed tomography (CT) guidance for single pulmonary nodule and more than two pulmonary nodules, and compared with the accuracy and safety of single nodule localization.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of patients who underwent unilateral CT-guided medical glue localization before VATS from November 2018 to March 2021 were performed, the patients was divided into multiple pulmonary nodules group (localized nodules ≥2) and single pulmonary nodule group according to the number of localized nodules. The localization time, success rate and complication rate of the two groups were compared.

RESULTS: There were 126 nodules in the two groups, including 62 in single pulmonary nodule group and 64 in multiple pulmonary nodules group. The average single nodule localization time was (13.23±4.5) min in single pulmonary nodule group and (10.52±2.8) min in multiple pulmonary nodules group, the difference between the two groups is statistically significant (P<0.05). The localization success rate of single pulmonary nodule group and multiple pulmonary nodules group were 100% and 98.4% separately, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). All VATS were successfully completed after localization. The incidence of pneumothorax was higher in multiple pulmonary nodules group than in single pulmonary nodule group (P=0.07).

CONCLUSIONS: Compared with localization of single lung nodule, unilateral CT-guided medical glue localization for multiple pulmonary nodules before VATS is also feasible and accuracy, it is worthy of clinical application. But the higher rate of pneumothorax should be paid attention to.

PMID:35078278 | DOI:10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2021.102.52

Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2022 Jan 20;25(1):14-20. doi: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2021.102.51.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) affects 45%-63% of lung cancer patients worldwide. Lung cancer patients complicated with COPD have decreased cardiopulmonary function and increased perioperative risk, and their postoperative exercise endurance and lung function are significantly lower than those with conventional lung cancer. Previous studies have shown that postoperative exercise training can improve the exercise endurance of unselected lung cancer patients, but it is unclear whether lung cancer patients with COPD can also benefit from postoperative exercise training. This study intends to explore the effects of postoperative exercise training on exercise endurance, daily activity and lung function of lung cancer patients with COPD.

METHODS: Seventy-four patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) complicated with COPD who underwent pneumonectomy in the lung cancer center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from August 5, 2020 to August 25, 2021 were prospectively analyzed. They were randomly divided into exercise group and control group; The patients in the two groups received routine postoperative rehabilitation in the first week after operation, and the control group was given routine nursing from the second week. On this basis, the exercise group received postoperative exercise rehabilitation training for two weeks. Baseline evaluation was performed 3 days before operation and endpoint evaluation was performed 3 weeks after operation.

RESULTS: The exercise endurance, daily activity and pulmonary function test results of the two groups decreased from baseline to the end point. However, after the operation and intervention program, the maximum oxygen consumption of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test and the walking distance of 6-Minute Walking Test in the exercise group were significantly better than those in the control group [(13.09±1.46) mL/kg/min vs (11.89±1.38) mL/kg/min, P=0.033; (297±46) m vs (243±43) m, P=0.041]. The average number of we-chat steps in the exercise group was also significantly better than that in the control group (4,381±397 vs 3,478±342, P=0.035). Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in the exercise group were better than those in the control group, but the difference did not reach a statistically significant level [(1.76±0.19) L vs (1.60±0.28) L, P=0.084; (1.01±0.17) L vs (0.96±0.21) L, P=0.467].

CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative exercise rehabilitation training can improve exercise endurance and daily activity ability of patients with lung cancer complicated with COPD and promote postoperative rehabilitation.

PMID:35078280 | DOI:10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2021.102.51

J Natl Cancer Inst. 2022 Jan 25:djac024. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djac024. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma is a rare cancer associated with poor prognosis. The genetic factors conferring predisposition to GEJ adenocarcinoma have yet to be identified.

METHODS: We analyzed germline testing results from 23,381 cancer patients undergoing tumor-normal sequencing of which 312 individuals had GEJ adenocarcinoma. Genomic profiles, and clinico-pathologic features were analyzed for the GEJ adenocarcinomas. Silencing of ATM and ATR was performed using validated short-interfering RNA (siRNA) species in GEJ, esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines. All statistical tests were 2-sided.

RESULTS: Pathogenic/likely pathogenic ATM variants were identified in 18 of 312 patients (5.8%), and bi-allelic inactivation of ATM through loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the wild-type allele was detected in all (16 of 16) samples with sufficient tumor content. Germline ATM-mutated GEJ adenocarcinomas largely lacked somatic mutations in TP53, were more likely to harbor MDM2 amplification, and harbored statistically significantly fewer somatic single nucleotide variants (2.0 mutations/Mb vs 7.9 mutations/Mb; P<.001). A statistically significantly higher proportion of germline ATM-mutated than ATM-wild-type GEJ adenocarcinoma patients underwent a curative resection (10 (100%) vs. 92 (86.8%), P=.04, Fisher’s exact test.), A synthetic lethal interaction between siRNA silencing of ATM and ATR was observed in the models analyzed.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that germline pathogenic variants in ATM drive oncogenesis in GEJ adenocarcinoma and might result in a distinct clinical phenotype. Given the high prevalence of germline ATM-mutated GEJ adenocarcinomas, genetic testing for individuals with GEJ adenocarcinomas may be considered to better inform prognostication, treatment decisions, and future cancer risk.

PMID:35078243 | DOI:10.1093/jnci/djac024